Ntshav thiab lymph hauv tib neeg lub cev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj kev ua pa thiab tiv thaiv kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus tsiaj muaj cov kua dej sib cais, uas tau piav qhia los ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub cev thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm lub koom haum. Cov kab mob no suav nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm phylum Arthropods (kab, kab laug sab, crustaceans) thiab Mollusks. Lawv yog cov yam ntxwv los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm hemolymph, uas muaj ntau yam nrog cov ntshav nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab muaj nuj nqi.
Hemolymph - yog dab tsi?
Tsiaj xws li arthropods lossis molluscs yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev qhib lub cev. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov kua dej uas ntws los ntawm cov hlab ntsha tau muab pov rau hauv lub cev kab noj hniav thiab ntxuav tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Cov kua dej no hu ua hemolymph, vim. Nws ua ke cov dej num ntawm cov ntshav thiab lymph.
Hemolymph yog dab tsi hauv kab thiab molluscs? Nws yog cov kua uas tsis muaj xim, xiav lossis ntsuab, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev xa cov khoom noj rau hauv nruab nrog cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg, rau cov metabolism hauv cov metabolism thiab tiv thaiv kab mob thaum muaj kab mob hem.
Lub hemolymph ntawm cov pob txha tsis muaj zog kuj muaj cov khoom sib xws ntawm tib hom, tsis zoo li tib neeg cov ntshav thiablwm yam evolutionarily tsim kab mob. Cov hlwb no hu ua hemocytes, thiab lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ib leeg hauv cov qauv, cov duab thiab kev ua haujlwm.
Hemolymph composition
Dab tsi yog hemolymph los ntawm kev pom tshuaj? Qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj no yog qhov nyuaj heev, vim tias. nws ua ntau yam haujlwm ib zaug hauv lub cev ntawm cov kab invertebrate. Lub hemolymph muaj qhov nruab nrab lossis me ntsis acidic ib puag ncig, uas yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov anions ntawm qee cov kua qaub. Los ntawm 75 mus rau 90% ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj yog dej, thiab tus so yog tsim cov ntsiab lus thiab lwm yam tshuaj yaj.
Cov ionic muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm hemolymph kuj muaj ntau haiv neeg. Nws muaj sodium, potassium, magnesium thiab calcium cations. Ntawm cov anions, chlorine yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nrog rau cov seem ntawm phosphoric thiab carboxylic acids. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov ions tsis tas li thiab nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog thiab theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev. Piv txwv li, los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm chlorine anions, ib tus tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm kab kab los ntawm tus neeg laus.
Los ntawm cov organics hauv hemolymph yog cov proteins, rog thiab carbohydrates. Carbohydrates thiab proteins tuaj nrog zaub mov los ntawm lub plab zom mov, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm qabzib thiab fructose nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm nectar noj.
100 ml ntawm hemolymph muaj 1-5 g ntawm cov protein. Proteins ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub neej ntawm lub cev, yog li lawv raug thauj nrog cov dej ntws mus rau hauv nruab nrog cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Yog tias koj ua kev tshawb fawb txog hemolymph, koj tuaj yeem xaiv txog li 30 feem pua ntawm cov protein sib txawv, thiab lawv cov lej nyob ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab hnub nyoog.
Lipids nkag mus rau hemolymph los ntawmcov hnyuv thiab lub cev rog, thiab tom kawg lawv khaws tag nrho lub neej. Cov ntsiab lus roj sib txawv, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv yog esters ntawm glycerol thiab fatty acids - glycerides. Qhov ntawd yog qhov hemolymph yog hais txog chemistry.
Hemolymph muaj nuj nqi
Hemolymph yog dab tsi thiab nws ua haujlwm dab tsi hauv lub cev ntawm cov pob txha tsis muaj zog?
- Trophic muaj nuj nqi, uas muaj nyob rau hauv nourishing cov ntaub so ntswg thiab lub cev, nrog rau kev thauj khoom thoob plaws hauv lub cev.
- Metabolic muaj nuj nqi, thaum cov khoom lag luam metabolic nkag mus rau hemolymph los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab raug tso tawm los ntawm excretory system.
- Immunological muaj nuj nqi. Nws tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm qee hom hemocytes uas nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub cev.
- tiv thaiv muaj nuj nqi. Lub hemolymph ntawm qee cov arthropods thiab molluscs muaj tshuaj lom lossis lwm yam tshuaj lom, uas tiv thaiv lawv ntawm cov tsiaj txhu.
Uniforms
Hemolymph yog dab tsi hauv biology? Qhov no yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem uas tsis yog tsuas yog yaj cov tshuaj, tab sis kuj cov hlwb tshwj xeeb - hemocytes. Muaj 7 hom hemocytes, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb uas yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov tsos ntawm antigens. Cov ntsiab lus tsim tsim tshwj xeeb phagocytic qauv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, uas ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm vertebrates.
