UV hluav taws xob yog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas nws lub wavelength thaj tsam ntawm ntug ntawm violet spectrum mus rau ntug ntawm X-rays. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias thawj zaug ntawm qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua kaum peb. Tom qab ntawd cov kws tshawb fawb Indian hauv lawv cov ntawv sau tau piav qhia txog huab cua, uas muaj cov kab hluav taws xob violet, pom tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab.
Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, thaum pom cov spectrum infrared, cov kws tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb tau pib kawm hluav taws xob nyob rau qhov kawg ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo. Qhov no yog li cas ultraviolet hluav taws xob tau xub pom thiab kawm. Xyoo 1801, J. W. Ritter tau tshawb pom tias cov nyiaj oxide darkens sai dua thaum raug pom lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub violet ib feem ntawm lub spectrum.
Thaum tib lub sijhawm, cov kws tshawb fawb tau los xaus tias lub teeb muaj peb qhov sib cais. Qhov no yog lub teeb pom kev zoo (los yog teeb pom kev zoo), infrared thiab ultraviolet hluav taws xob (nws kuj yog kho dua tshiab). Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, cov kws tshawb fawb nquag tshawb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob rau kev ua neej nyobkab mob, nrog rau nws lub luag haujlwm hauv xwm.
UV hluav taws xob: cov khoom thiab kev faib tawm
Hnub no, cov kab hluav taws xob ultraviolet feem ntau muab faib ua peb hom, txhua tus muaj nws tus yam ntxwv:
- UV-C, paub zoo dua li gamma rays. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tam sim ntawd tias lawv muaj kev phom sij heev rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Hmoov zoo, cov hluav taws xob zoo li no yuav luag tag nrho los ntawm oxygen, txheej txheej ozone thiab dej vapor thaum hla lub ntiaj teb huab cua.
- UV-B yog lwm hom hluav taws xob uas tseem yuav luag tag nrho los ntawm lub ntiaj teb lub hnab ntawv gaseous. Tsis ntau tshaj kaum feem pua nce mus txog qhov chaw. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov rays uas melanin yog tsim nyob rau hauv tib neeg daim tawv nqaij.
YUV-A. Hom rays no yuav luag tag nrho mus txog qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab yog xyaum tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov kab mob nyob. Kev raug ncua ntev ua rau kom tawv nqaij laus zuj zus
Raws li cov khoom, rau qhov pib nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov hluav taws xob ultraviolet tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm siab thiab yog ib qho catalyst rau ntau yam ntuj tsim. High concentrations ntawm ultraviolet lub teeb muaj antibacterial thaj chaw. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj nws muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau tib neeg lub cev.
UV hluav taws xob thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tib neeg lub cev
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau sau tam sim ntawd tias nws yog ultraviolet rays uas pab tsim cov vitamin D nyob rau hauv tib neeg daim tawv nqaij, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, xyuas kom meej calcium metabolism hauv lub cev thiab ib tug zoo mob ntawm lub cev pob txha. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov rays ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb spectrum no yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov kab mob lom ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj sia nyob. Nws tau raug pov thawj tias lub teeb ultraviolet nce qib ntawm qhov hu ua "zog hormone" hauv cov ntshav, uas ua kom lub siab lub ntsws ib txwm muaj.
Hmoov tsis zoo, hluav taws xob ultraviolet yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tsuas yog xav tau hauv koob tshuaj me me xwb. Kev raug ntau dhau rau cov kab hluav taws xob no ua rau muaj qhov cuam tshuam. Piv txwv li, nrog rau lub sijhawm ntev ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ultraviolet accelerates txheej txheem kev laus, thiab qee zaum ua rau kub hnyiab. Qee lub sij hawm hluav taws xob ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm tes, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav malignant.
Txhim hluav taws xob ultraviolet kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau retina, ua rau kub hnyiab. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau siv cov tsom iav tshwj xeeb.
