Nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem sau tag nrho cov angiosperms. Thiab nws yuav nyuaj heev rau lub npe hom uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv qhov xwm txheej thiab tib neeg lub neej. Tom qab tag nrho, cov nroj tsuag no tau ntev tau txais txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, thiab lawv cov neeg sawv cev hu ua zaub mov, txuj ci, ornamental thiab fodder qoob loo. Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Angiosperms department? Cov yam ntxwv dav dav thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag no yuav tau tham hauv peb tsab xov xwm. Yog li cia peb pib.
Biology: Angiosperms department
Txhua cov noob nroj tsuag muaj ntau yam qauv uas ua rau lawv muaj zog hauv ntiaj teb. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm evolution raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub adaptation ntawm kab mob mus rau kev hloov ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob. Lub Department of Angiosperms, raws li taxonomy, rau lub sij hawm no muaj ntau tshaj li ob puas thiab tsib caug txhiab hom. Thaum lawv cov thawj coj - Gymnosperms department - tag nrhoyim puas.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm Angiosperm department:
- muaj paj;
- fetal formation;
- kev loj hlob ntawm lub embryo hauv cov kab mob;
- ob zaug fertilization;
- lub xub ntiag ntawm cov noob nyob ib puag ncig ntawm pericarp.
Ua ke, tag nrho cov yam ntxwv no txiav txim siab qhov zoo vim tias cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Angiosperms department tau kis tau thoob plaws ntiaj teb, tau paub txog cov xwm txheej ntawm thaj chaw huab cua sib txawv thiab siv.
Holo- thiab Angiosperms: zoo sib xws thiab sib txawv
Tab sis rov qab mus rau qhov pib. Tag nrho cov noob nroj tsuag tau muab tso rau hauv ob pawg: Holo - thiab Angiosperms. Cov qauv ntawm thawj pawg systematic feem ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm chav kawm Conifers. Cov no yog cov nroj tsuag nrog ib tug predominance ntawm ib tug ntoo lub neej daim ntawv, nrog ib tug kais hauv paus system. Cov nplooj yog sawv cev los ntawm nyias nplooj - koob. Ua tsaug rau lawv thiab muaj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj uas tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem ntawm evaporation ntau dhau, cov nroj tsuag no nyob twj ywm evergreen thoob plaws txhua lub caij. Tab sis lub ntsiab feature ntawm no department yog tsis muaj paj, thiab yog li ntawd txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv cov noob nyob ntawm cov nplai ntawm lub khob qhib qhib, lawv tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm dab tsi. Yog li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim uas lawv yuav germinate tsis zoo heev, vim tsis muaj cov as-ham txaus rau qhov no.
Lub tuam tsev Angiosperms muab cov nroj tsuag uas tsim ib lub paj, thiab, raws li, txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nyob rau hauv no generative lub cev, cov noob muaj kev ntseeg siab tiv thaiv los ntawm tej yam tsis zoo ib puag ncig influences, warmed thiab muab nrogtsim nyog muab cov as-ham.
txiaj ntsig
Angiosperms yog ib chav haujlwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag siab dua uas muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv cov noob thiab tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm embryo, lawv kuj suav nrog kev hloov ntawm cov noob rau kev faib khoom. Piv txwv li, maple txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj cov hniav tshwj xeeb, ua tsaug uas lawv tau yooj yim nqa los ntawm cua. Thiab lub thawv poppy nws tus kheej tawg thaum ripe, kis cov noob. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog dispersed los ntawm cov tsiaj uas noj lawv, thiab excrete cov undigested seem ntawm cov zaub mov ntawm ib tug deb. Gymnosperms tsis muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv cov noob yog nyob rau hauv cones, uas tsis yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov no yog cov hloov kho tua uas ua haujlwm ua qhov chaw rau kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov noob. Lawv tsis muaj cov khoom tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub embryo, thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv rau dispersing noob thiab cog nroj tsuag.
Txoj kev faib tawm
Department Angiosperms tau muab tso ua ob chav kawm. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm no subdivision yog tus naj npawb ntawm cotyledons nyob rau hauv lub noob embryo. Tsev neeg ntawm chav haujlwm Angiosperm - Mono- thiab Dicotyledonous - muaj lwm yam yam ntxwv.
chav haujlwm Angiosperms: cov yam ntxwv dav dav ntawm Monocots
Department Angiosperms, chav kawm Monocots, suav nrog ntau dua 600 txhiab hom. Lub neej daim ntawv nws nthuav tawm feem ntau yog tshuaj ntsuab. Ntxiv rau ib cotyledon nyob rau hauv lub noob embryo, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv no yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug fibrous hauv paus system, lub xub ntiag ntawm yooj yim nplooj.nrog rau kev sib luag, thiab tsawg dua nrog ib qho arcuate lossis pinnate hom venation. Cambium yog cov ntaub so ntswg kev kawm sab nraud ntawm qia; nws tsis nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag monocotyledonous. Vim li no, lawv tsis tsim lub cev muaj zog. Cov chav kawm monocot suav nrog ob peb lub tsev me me - cov tsev neeg.
Family Cereals
Ib yam ntxwv ntawm tag nrho cov cereal nroj tsuag yog lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug hollow qia. Nws hu ua straw. Xws li qia yog tsim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub so ntswg kev kawm nyob rau hauv cov nodes. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg yog hom qoob mog, rye, barley, pob kws, wheatgrass thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag. Lwm yam ntxwv feature ntawm cereals yog ib tug txawv txawv paj, nyob rau hauv uas lub corolla hloov mus rau hauv nplai. Tus naj npawb ntawm stamens txawv ntawm peb mus rau rau, qee zaum ntau dua. Xws li paj txawv txawv yog sau nyob rau hauv inflorescences - panicle los yog complex spikes. Lub zes qe menyuam yog tsim los ntawm ob carpels. Sessile nplooj ntawm cereals tsis muaj petioles, nrog rau thaum uas tig mus venation, muaj peb seem: ib tug sheath, ib tug uvula thiab phaj nws tus kheej.
Txhua cov nplej yog cov qoob loo muaj txiaj ntsig heev. Lawv feem ntau yog siv los ua cov cereals, hmoov nplej, ci ntau hom qhob cij. Ib tug ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cereal nroj tsuag yog qab zib cane.
Dos thiab Lily tsev neeg
Ib yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg no yog qhov muaj kev hloov pauv hauv av ntawm kev tua - lub teeb. Nws yog nyob rau hauv nws cov khoom noj khoom haus muaj, ua tsaug rau cov nroj tsuag no nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv tag nrholub sijhawm tsis zoo. Cov parsley thiab leek yog cov tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg. Tab sis lily nroj tsuag kuj tsim qhov muag teev, qee zaum rhizomes. Tulip, woodland, hyacinth, lily ntawm lub hav, goose dos, hazel grouse.. Cov nroj tsuag no yog thawj kos npe rau ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Ua ntej qhov pib ntawm lub sij hawm qhuav, lawv muaj sij hawm los loj hlob thiab tawg paj. Tom qab ntawd lawv qhov saum toj kawg nkaus hauv av tuag, thiab qhov muag teev hauv av tseem siv tau thoob plaws lub sijhawm tag nrho ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Liliaceae.
Class Dicotyledonous: yam ntxwv
Peb tseem xav txog lub tuam tsev Angiosperms, uas nws cov chav kawm paub zoo rau txhua tus. Los ntawm txoj kev, Dicotyledons yog ntau tshaj ntawm lawv. Lawv muaj ob cotyledons nyob rau hauv lub noob embryo, ib tug kais hauv paus system, yooj yim los yog compound nplooj nrog pinnate, palmate los yog arcuate venation. Lub cambium nyob rau hauv lub qia ntawm dicots - lub lateral kev kawm ntaub so ntswg. Nws ua rau lawv loj hlob nyob rau hauv thickness. Yog li ntawd, xws li cov nroj tsuag yog characterized los ntawm xws li lub neej daim ntawv: tshuaj ntsuab, shrubs thiab ntoo. Cov tsev neeg uas nyob hauv chav kawm no muaj ntau heev. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav xav txog ib co ntawm lawv.
Rosaceae tsev neeg
Nov yog ntau li peb txhiab hom qoob loo txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Kua, pear, apricot, plum, quince, cherry, txiv duaj - cov no tsuas yog qee cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Rosaceae. Lawv yog ib qho yooj yim kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lwm tus los ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv nta: ib tug tsib-membered paj nrog ntau stamens thiab ob tug perianth. Inflorescences - txhuam los yog ntaub thaiv npog. Thiab hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo tseem ceeb yogdrupe thiab apples. Cov qoob loo no tau noj thiab khaws cia los ntawm tib neeg, vim lawv muaj txiaj ntsig saj zoo.
Chav tsev no muaj lwm lub npe - Moths. Cov nroj tsuag no hnav nws vim yog cov qauv ntawm lub paj, cov petals ntawm cov duab sib txawv thiab sab nraud zoo li npauj npaim nrog tis tis. Thiab lawv tshuav lawv thawj lub npe rau hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo - taum. Nws yog qhuav thiab qhib nrog ob flaps raws seam. Txhua ntawm lawv muaj cov noob. Tsev neeg muaj xws li tshuaj, oilseed, fodder, zaub mov thiab ornamental nroj tsuag. Lawv cov neeg sawv cev yog cov taum pauv, taum, taum, clover, licorice, acacia, txiv laum huab xeeb thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag.
Solanaceae tsev neeg
Cov qoob loo nto moo tshaj plaws sawv cev rau tsev neeg Solanaceae, ntxiv rau cov nroj tsuag ntawm tib lub npe, yog qos yaj ywm, txiv lws suav, eggplant, kua txob qab zib thiab haus luam yeeb. Lawv cov paj kuj yog tsib-tus tswv cuab, tab sis cov sepals thiab petals yog fused, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hom yog Berry los yog boll. Cov zaub thiab cov qoob loo ua lag luam, uas suav nrog haus luam yeeb thiab shag, yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev lag luam ntawm lawv. Tab sis nightshade dope, henbane thiab belladonna yog cov nroj tsuag lom uas tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg lub cev lom lom heev.
Cabbage tsev neeg
Qhov kev kaw lus no, muaj npe nyob rau hauv txoj kev no vim yog tus neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws, tseem hu ua Cruciferae. Nws yog txhua yam hais txog pajmuaj plaub petals opposite ib leeg. Outwardly, nws zoo li tus duab ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig. Ntxiv rau ntau hom zaub qhwv, cov no suav nrog relis, turnip, radish, horseradish, mustard thiab rapeseed.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm angiosperms hauv xwm thiab tib neeg lub neej
Department Flowering (Angiosperms) cov nroj tsuag feem ntau yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm yuav luag txhua lub zej zog, ib qho txuas hauv cov saw zaub mov, lub hauv paus ntawm cov organic loj.
Ntawm cov qoob loo zaub mov, cov tswv cuab ntawm Cereal, Legume, Rosaceae, Cruciferous tsev neeg yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ntau cov nroj tsuag siv los ua tshuaj. Cov no yog licorice, marshmallow, valerian, tansy, St. John's wort, celandine. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov paj ntoo muaj ntau cov vitamins, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog C. Cov no yog strawberries, blueberries, viburnum, sawv hips, qej thiab dos.
Tsis muaj kev coj noj coj ua tsis tuaj yeem xav txog yam tsis muaj cov paj ntoo, uas feem ntau yog roses, daffodils, dahlias, asters, petunias, daisies, lilies, tulips thiab lwm yam.
Ntau cov qoob loo yog zib mu. Lawv cov paj muaj lub qab ntxiag aroma thiab qab zib qab zib uas nyiam cov kab pollinated. Ntawm cov nroj tsuag zoo li no, ib tus tuaj yeem npe ntau hom acacia, linden, buckwheat.
Tab sis nrog qee cov paj ntoo tseem muaj kev sib ntaus. Cov no yog cov nroj tsuag phem: wheatgrass, quinoa, sow thistle, barnyard thiab lwm yam. Tseem muaj hom kab mob lom. Yog li, yog tias siv tsis raug, celandine tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav, thiab dope tuaj yeem ua rau hnov qab, tsis nco qab thiab delirium.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tuam tsev Angiosperms ua tim khawv rau lawv lub koom haum siab, uas tau tso cai rau lawv los ua tus thawj coj hauv lub cev.
