Moonsund sib ntaus sib tua hauv ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tub rog

Cov txheej txheem:

Moonsund sib ntaus sib tua hauv ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tub rog
Moonsund sib ntaus sib tua hauv ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tub rog
Anonim

Lub Moonsund Archipelago tuav txoj haujlwm zoo hauv hiav txwv B altic. Vim li no, nws feem ntau dhau los ua qhov chaw ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv xyoo pua 20th. Nws suav nrog plaub lub tebchaws loj, txhua lub tebchaws niaj hnub no yog Estonia - cov no yog Vormsi, Muhu, Saaremaa thiab Hiiumaa.

moonsund sib ntaus sib tua
moonsund sib ntaus sib tua

Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm 1917

Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib ib, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moonsund tau tshwm sim, uas tau tshwm sim thaum lub Cuaj Hlis - Kaum Hli 1917. Lwm lub npe yog Operation Albion.

Nws yog kev tawm tsam los ntawm German tub rog thiab tub rog hauv av. Cov lus txib tau teeb tsa lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ntes cov archipelago, uas koom nrog Russia. Cov tub rog German tau pib tsaws ntawm cov kob ntawm Saaremaa thaum Lub Kaum Hli 12. Ua ntej ntawd, lub nkoj tau tswj xyuas cov roj teeb Lavxias: cov neeg ua haujlwm raug ntes. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau lub nkoj German raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov mines tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv (lub nkoj sib ntaus sib tua Bayern, thiab lwm yam).

Ntau tus tsis muaj sia nyob ntawm Kev Sib Tw ntawm Moonsund. 1917 yog ib qho ntawm cov chords kawg hauv kev tawm tsam ntawm sab hnub tuaj. Ib hlis tom qab, Bolsheviks tuaj rau hauv Petrograd, uas tom qab kos npeKev thaj yeeb ntawm Brest.

Ob hnub tom qab, cov tub rog ntawm cov neeg sib tw tau sib tsoo tim ntsej tim muag. Lub destroyer ntawm Lavxias teb sab fleet "Thunder" raug mob loj heev thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua nrog German battleship "Kaiser". Hluav taws kub ntawm lub nkoj coj mus rau qhov tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm cov phom thiab lub nkoj ntog. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moonsund nyob rau hauv Irben Strait flared tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hnyav, qhov chaw cruisers thiab dreadnoughts clashed.

Lub Kaum Hli 16, German nkoj tshem tawm Gulf of Riga. Nws suav nrog ntau lub nkoj sib ntaus sib tua thiab nkoj nkoj ntawm Reich. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov nkoj los ntawm cov mines, cov minesweepers kuj nyob hauv pab tub rog. Lwm qhov txaus ntshai rau cov nkoj German yog qhov hluav taws kub qhib los ntawm Lavxias teb sab artillery. Lawv tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm kev tawm tsam nrog kev pab ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus pa taws nyob ib puag ncig cov minesweepers.

Thaum pom tseeb tias cov tub rog Lavxias yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tuav cov koog pov txwv, tau txiav txim kom xa cov nkoj uas muaj sia nyob mus rau sab qaum teb. Nyob rau hauv lem, cov Germans ntes Moon Island (Lub Kaum Hli 18) thiab Hiiumaa (Lub Kaum Hli 20). Yog li xaus kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moonsund hauv 1917 thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog I.

moonsund sib ntaus sib tua 1917
moonsund sib ntaus sib tua 1917

Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm 1941

Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, Moonsund Archipelago tau pom ob txoj haujlwm ua tub rog. Xyoo 1941, Nazi cov tub rog tuaj ntawm no. Kev ua txhaum cai raug hu ua lub hauv paus hauv paus ntawm Reich "Beowulf". Nws yog lwm (thib ob) Moonsund sib ntaus sib tua.

Lub Cuaj Hlis 8, cov tub rog tau tsaws rau ntawm cov kob ntawm Vormsi, uas tau xaus rau hauv cov neeg German txhais tes tom qab peb hnub ntawm kev tawm tsam tawv ncauj. Ib lub lim tiam tom qab ntawd, cov tub rog tseem ceeb raug xa mus rau Mukha, uas nws lub chaw zov me nyuam tau tuav ib lub lim tiam.

Saremaa poob tom ntej. Ntawm nokev sib ntaus sib tua tau ob lub lis piam. Lub Soviet commands tswj kom khiav tawm cov seem ntawm cov tub rog mus rau Hiiumaa. Txawm li cas los xij, daim av no sai sai tau los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm Reich.

moonsund sib ntaus sib tua 1917
moonsund sib ntaus sib tua 1917

Result

Cov tub rog Soviet sim nrog tag nrho nws lub zog kom nyob twj ywm ntawm cov koog pov txwv thiab ncua kev tawm tsam ntawm Leningrad. Hauv kev nkag siab, lub hom phiaj no tau ua tiav. Qhov kev txuas ntxiv tag nrho tsis tau tshwm sim txog thaum Lub Kaum Hli 22, tom qab ze li ob lub hlis ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Lub nkoj kuj tseem ua haujlwm, uas ntes cov yeeb ncuab hauv Gulf of Riga. Cov neeg tiv thaiv ntawm cov Islands tuaj hloov tsheb laij teb hauv zos, ua cov analogues ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam tawm ntawm lawv (cov phom tshuab tau txuas nrog). Thaum Kev Sib Tw ntawm Moonsund xaus, cov neeg ua haujlwm tseem muaj sia nyob thaum kawg tau khiav mus rau Hanko Peninsula.

moonsund sib ntaus sib tua 1944
moonsund sib ntaus sib tua 1944

Amphibious landings in 1944

Kev Sib Tw thib peb ntawm Moonsund tseem paub hauv keeb kwm keeb kwm. Xyoo 1944 tau cim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov tub rog German tau thim rov qab los ntawm thaj chaw nyob. Cov chav nyob ntawm Leningrad Front tau raug xa mus rau cov Islands tuaj, los ntawm 8th Rifle Corps tau tsim tshwj xeeb.

Kev ua haujlwm tau pib nrog qhov tseeb tias thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 27, cov tub rog tau tsaws rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm cov kob ntawm Vormsi. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub archipelago tau ua raws. Qhov kawg yog cov kob ntawm Saaremaa: nws yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam no. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm Lub Kaum Hli 8, kev sib ntaus sib tua loj tau pib ntawm Tehumardi. Barrage hluav taws raug rho tawm haujlwm tawm tsam cov tub rog Soviet. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov tub rog tau nyuaj los ntawm qhov tsis muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm zoomaneuver.

Kev tiv thaiv tau tawg dhau ib hlis tom qab lub Kaum Ib Hlis 23, thaum lub dav hlau koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua. Kev sim yav dhau los tau ua tsis tiav. Qhov kev tu siab tshaj plaws yog kev tsaws ntawm Vintry, thaum muaj txog 500 tus neeg tuag. Ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov, tab sis tom qab qhov kev tso siab zaum kawg, cov neeg German poob 7 txhiab tus neeg tuag. Kwv yees li ib puas lub nkoj tau poob lossis puas lawm.

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