Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam, tshuaj thiab khoom noj khoom haus. Qhov kev sib xyaw no yog tsim los ntawm cov ntoo thiab yog cov khoom siv tsis zoo, uas yog, nws tsis koom nrog cov txheej txheem physiological. Vim muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem nrog cov khoom no, nws muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov viscosity ntawm cov khoom thiab lwm yam kev tsis zoo.
Kev piav qhia
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) yog sodium ntsev ntawm cellulose glycolic acid. Lub npe tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj raws li IUPAC nomenclature: poly-1, 4-β-O-carboxymethyl-D-pyranosyl-D-glycopyranose sodium.
Empirical formula of sodium carboxymethylcellulose technical: [C6H7 O2 (OH)3-x(OCH2 COONa)x . Hauv qhov kev qhia no, x yog qib kev hloov pauv rau CH2-COOH pawg, thiab n yog qib ntawm polymerization.
Tus qauv qauv qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Properties
Nyob rau hauv tsos, technical sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yog cov hmoov nplej, nplua-grained lossis tsw ntxhiab fiber ntau nrog qhov ntom ntom ntawm 400-800 kg / m 3.
Na-CMC muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
-
molecular hnyav ntawm compound - [236];
- dissolve sai hauv dej kub thiab txias, insoluble hauv cov roj ntxhia thiab cov kua dej organic;
- forms films tiv taus roj, roj thiab cov kuab tshuaj organic;
- nce cov viscosity ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem thiab ua rau lawv thixotropic - nrog rau kev nce hauv kev ua haujlwm, qhov txo qis hauv kev tawm tsam tshwm sim;
- absorbs dej vapor los ntawm huab cua zoo, yog li cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv chav qhuav (nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj nws muaj 9-11% ya raws);
- cov khoom sib xyaw tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis tawg, tab sis tuaj yeem tawg hauv lub xeev muaj plua plav (tus kheej qhov kub ntawm +212 ° C);
- nthuav tawm cov khoom ntawm anionic polyelectrolyte hauv kev daws teeb meem.
Thaum qhov kub hloov pauv, qhov chaw kuaj viscosity ntawm sodium carboxymethyl cellulose hauv cov tshuaj sib txawv heev. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm qhov sib xyaw no, uas txiav txim siab txog qhov kev thov ntawm nws daim ntawv thov. High degree ntawm polymerization muab lub siab viscosity thiab vice versa. Ntawm pH<6 lossis ntau dua 9, txo qis kev ua haujlwmpoob qis heev. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsev no yog pom zoo siv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab me ntsis alkaline ib puag ncig. Kev hloov pauv viscosity nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj kev hloov pauv tau.
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose kuj muaj tshuaj lom neeg nrog ntau lwm yam tshuaj (cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, gelatin, glycerin, dej-soluble resins, latexes). Thaum rhuab mus rau qhov kub siab tshaj 200 ° C, ntsev decomposes rau sodium carbonate.
Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov sib xyaw no yog qib ntawm polymerization. Solubility, stability, mechanical zog thiab hygroscopicity nyob ntawm seb qhov hnyav molecular. Cov khoom yog tsim nyob rau hauv xya qib raws li qib ntawm polymerization thiab ob qib raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb.
Tau txais
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose tau tsim lag luam txij li xyoo 1946. CMC ntau lawm tam sim no suav nrog tsawg kawg 47% ntawm tag nrho cov cellulose ethers.
Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw no yog ntoo cellulose, feem ntau cov organic polymer. Nws qhov zoo yog tus nqi qis, biodegradability, tsis muaj toxicity thiab yooj yim ntawm kev ua technology.
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yog tau los ntawm reacting alkali cellulose nrog C₂H₃ClO₂ (monochloroacetic acid) los yog nws cov ntsev ntsev. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav los nrhiav qhov tshiab rau kev rho tawm cov khoom siv raw (flax, straw, cereals, jute, sisal thiab lwm yam), vim tias qhov kev thov rau cov khoom siv no niaj hnub loj hlob. Kev ntxuav yog siv los txhim kho cov khoom zoo.cov ntsev tiav lawm los ntawm impurities, qhib cellulose los yog ua rau nws nrog microwave hluav taws xob.
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose: kev siv khoom
Vim nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb, CMC yog siv rau cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
- thickening ntawm ntau yam formulations, gelatinization;
- binding fine particles in xim films (film formation);
- siv ua tus tuav dej;
- ruaj khov ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg;
- nce viscosity ntawm kev daws kom sib npaug faib lawv cov khoom xyaw;
- rheological hloov kho;
- tiv thaiv coagulation (adhesion ntawm cov khoom tshem tawm).
Ib tus neeg siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yog kev lag luam roj thiab roj, qhov chaw siv los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej drilling.
Cov tshuaj no kuj siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam hauv qab no:
- tshuaj ntxuav tes;
- khoom luam ntawv;
- mortars rau kev tsim kho tiav;
- adhesives, sizing material;
- qhuav tsev sib tov, cement (kom tiv thaiv kev tawg);
- khoom siv xim;
- lubricating-coolants;
- nruab nrab rau cov hlua khov;
- txheej vuam electrodes thiab lwm yam.
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yog siv los ua kom ruaj khov ua npuas ncauj hauv hluav taws kub, kev lag luam khoom noj, hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab ceramics. Cov kws kho mob kwv yees tias qhov sib xyaw no tau siv ntau dua 200 thaj chaw ntawm engineering thiab tshuaj.
tiv thaiv txheej
Ib qho ntawm cov lus qhia muaj txiaj ntsig yog kev qhia txog nanoparticles synthesized los ntawm CMC suspensions li additives-stabilizers nyob rau hauv corrosion-resistant coatings. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los hloov cov qauv ntawm cov polymers, nce adhesion nrog cov khoom siv hauv paus, txhim kho lub cev thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov txheej txheem yam tsis muaj kev nce nqi ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw. Nanoparticles tsim microclusters, ua kom tau txais cov khoom sib xyaw nrog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv no kuj yog tias nws yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab biodegradable. Nws qhov kev tsim khoom tsis tas yuav tsum tau siv cov kuab tshuaj organic, yog li ntawd, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov pa phem ntawm cov dej khib nyiab thiab cov huab cua raug txo, tsis tas yuav siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab qhov kub thiab txias ntau.
Kev noj zaub mov zoo
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium yog siv los ua khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv (E-466) ntawm qhov tsis ntau tshaj 8 g / kg. Cov tshuaj ua haujlwm ntau yam hauv cov khoom:
- thickening;
- stabilizing zog;
- tuavnoo noo;
- extension of txee life;
- khaws cia cov khoom noj fiber ntau tom qab defrosting.
Feem ntau cov tshuaj no ntxiv rau cov khoom noj ceev, ice cream, confectionery, marmalade, jelly, tiav cheese, margarine, yogurt, kaus poom ntses.
Tshuaj thiab cosmetology
Hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yog siv hauv pawg tshuaj xws li:
- qhov muag tee, kev daws teeb meem rau kev txhaj tshuaj - txhawm rau ua kom cov nyhuv kho tau ntev;
- ntsiav tshuaj plhaub - txhawm rau tswj kev tso tawm cov tshuaj nquag;
- emulsions, gels thiab tshuaj pleev - txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom tsim tawm;
- antacids - raws li kev sib pauv ion thiab complexing Cheebtsam.
Hauv kev tsim cov khoom tu cev thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce, cov khoom siv no yog siv los ua ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj txhuam hniav, tshuaj zawv plaub hau, shaving thiab da dej gels, thiab cream. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom thiab txhim kho kev ntxhib los mos.
Kev cuam tshuam rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose yog hypoallergenic, lom neeg tsis muaj zog, tsis muaj cov kab mob carcinogenic thiab tsis ua rau kev ua me nyuam ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Kev siv raws li cov khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv hauv kev nyab xeeb concentration tsis ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo. Cov plua plav ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw yuav ua rau khaus yog tias nws nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov muag thiab ua pa sab saud (MACaerosol yog 10 mg/m3).
Cov yeeb yaj kiab uas muaj cov ntsev ntsev tso tawm cov khoom muaj nyob hauv alkaline ib puag ncig ntawm txoj hnyuv. Lub compound yog tawm los ntawm tib neeg lub cev thiab tsiaj txhu tsis hloov. Hauv cov dej hauv dej rau kev lag luam, cov khoom muaj nyob rau hauv chav kawm thib peb (muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai). MPC qhov no yog 2 mg/l.
