Ib tug neeg tuaj hla cov khoom no hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kawm, thiab ib tus neeg - nyeem cov lus sib xyaw ntawm cov ntim khoom hauv khw. Lwm lub npe rau m alt qab zib yog dab tsi? m altose yog dab tsi? Yuav ua li cas yog nws txawv los ntawm cov paub zoo thiab paub rau txhua leej txhua tus nyob rau hauv tsos thiab saj ntawm sucrose (qab zib tsis tu ncua)? Nws qab zib npaum li cas, thiab koj yuav tsum ntshai rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv yog tias m altose suav nrog hauv cov zaub mov?
Vim li cas thiaj hu tias thaum xub siv
M alt qab zib tau siv hauv Nyij Pooj txij thaum ub, thaum tib neeg tseem tsis tau paub dab tsi txog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tau txais nws. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov qab ntxiag qab zib ntawm cov teeb meem dawb uas ua los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ntau yam ntawm cov nplej thiab nplej tau pom ntev lawm.
Vim nws yog tau los ntawm cov cereals, lub npe sib xws tau muab rau nws - m altose (hauv lus Askiv, "m alt" txhais tau tias "cereal").
zoo li cas, yuav ua li cas
M altose yog tau los ntawm sproutedthiab qhuav cereals xws li rye, barley, millet, mov, nplej, oats, pob kws. Tom qab ntawd nws tau pom nyob rau hauv txiv lws suav, txiv kab ntxwv, poov xab thiab pwm, nectar thiab paj ntoos ntawm qee hom nroj tsuag, zib mu, thiab ib qho khoom los ntawm kev tsim cov suab thaj los yog starch, molasses.
M alt qab zib zoo li hmoov dawb los yog tsis muaj xim muaju.
Ua los ntawm ntuj fermentation ntawm pre-sprouted, qhuav thiab hauv av cereals.
Flavor properties and application
Yog tias cov suab thaj zoo tib yam raug coj los ua tus qauv rau qib qab zib, ces cov khoom ntawm m altose no yuav qis dua peb zaug. Yog li ntawd, tsawg qab zib, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, raws li ntau tus kws tshawb fawb ntau dua li fructose thiab sucrose, yooj yim ua los ntawm tib neeg lub cev, m altose feem ntau siv los ua cov khoom noj khoom haus.
Kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm m alt qab zib yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom noj me nyuam mos, ci sib tov thiab instant cereals, ntxiv rau ice cream. M alt syrup yog npaj los ntawm nws, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov confectionery (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib tug ntau yam ntawm breads thiab ncuav qab zib) thiab bakery khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, m altose muaj nyob rau hauv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kvass thiab qee yam khoom siv cawv: npias, whiskey, bourbon.
M alt qab zib yog siv los tsim m altose syrup, xim av syrup nrog qab zib. Nws yog tau los ntawm enzymatic saccharification ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, ua raws li boiling. Tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg siv hauv kev tsim khoomcatalysts thiab acids. Lub syrup muaj me ntsis tsw ntawm m alt. Vim nws cov ntsiab lus qabzib tsawg, nws tsis crystallize lub sijhawm. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm molasses zoo li npias los yog kvass wort.
Kev siv cov m altose hauv kev tsim cov molasses ua rau kom tau txais cov khoom siv raw rau ci xws li cov khob cij nrov xws li "Borodinsky", "Rizhsky" (molasses tsaus) thiab tsis muaj tsawg yuav khoom qab zib: ntau yam. gingerbread thiab ncuav qab zib (lub teeb molasses).
Composition, calories, lub cev muaj zog
Cov khoom xyaw ntawm m altose yog txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm seb nws yog tsim los ntawm. M alt qab zib yog yuav luag 100% carbohydrate thiab tsis muaj protein ntau lossis rog.
Nws muaj pes tsawg leeg yog fiber ntau, qee cov amino acids, vitamins H, E, B1, B2, B5, B6, B9, PP, minerals - hlau (Fe), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), silicon (Si), fluorine (F), iodine (I), sodium (Na), tooj liab (Cu), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se)
Cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm cov khoom no yog 362 kcal ib 100 g.
Lub anhydrous melting ntawm m alt qab zib tshwm sim ntawm 102 ° C.
342.32 g/mol.
Density of matter - 1.54 g/cm3.
Soluble hauv dej tab sis insoluble hauv ethyl cawv thiab ether.
Tshuaj mis ntawm m altose thiab kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom
Raws li IUPAC nomenclature (IUPAC - International Union ntawm Pure thiab Applied Chemistry) - lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj sib txuas thiab cov lus piav qhia ntawm chemical science - m altose hu ua li no: 4-O-α-D- glucopyranosyl-D-qabzib.
Tseem npe - m altose.
Nws chemical formula is C12H22O11. Ntawm nws koj tuaj yeem pom qhov zoo thiab qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov molecule ntawm ib yam khoom, uas yog, pes tsawg thiab cov atoms suav nrog hauv qhov tshwj xeeb no.
Cov qauv (graphical) mis ntawm m altose kom meej meej qhia tau meej npaum li cas cov atoms sib cuam tshuam hauv cov molecule.
Nws yog lub ntuj txo qis disaccharide - carbohydrate uas muaj ob lub monosaccharide residue - qabzib (C 6 H 12 O6) - sib cuam tshuam, rau hauv uas m altose tawg thaum lub sij hawm hydrolysis uas tshwm sim thaum ib yam khoom yog boiled nrog dilute acid los yog thaum raug rau m altase enzyme.
Monosaccharide molecules yog txuas ua ke los ntawm hemiacetal hydroxyl ntawm ib qho ntawm lawv thiab cawv hydroxyl ntawm qhov thib ob.
Nyob rau tib neeg lub cev
M alt qab zib tsis suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb rau tib neeg lub cev. Tib neeg lub cev muaj peev xwm tau txais m altose los ntawm polysaccharides ntawm nws tus kheej, yog li cov kws tshaj lij tsis tau txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob ntawm nws qhov tsis txaus.
Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab glycogen muaj nyob hauv daim siab thiab cov leeg ntawm txhua tus tsiaj.
Cov suab thaj m alt hauv tib neeg txoj hnyuv zom rau hauv cov piam thaj molecules thiab nqus tau yooj yim, pab lub cev kom nrawm nrawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub hlwb. Nws cov txheej txheem pib thaum pib ntawm lub plab zom movib txoj hauv kev - hauv lub qhov ncauj, ua tsaug rau cov enzyme uas muaj nyob rau hauv qaub ncaug - amylase. Kev tawg ntawm m altose rau hauv ob lub qabzib residues yog tsis yooj yim sua yam tsis muaj cov enzyme glucosidase hauv lub cev, txwv tsis pub m altase.
Nws tshwm sim tias m altase ploj lawm lossis tsis txaus. Qhov no ntuj feature ua rau m altose intolerance. Hauv qhov no, tag nrho cov khoom uas muaj cov tshuaj no yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm kev noj haus.
Cov kws noj zaub mov feem ntau tau xav tias m alt qab zib tsis muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg lub cev, tab sis nws paub zoo tias tag nrho cov piam thaj tau txais los ntawm cov neeg noj qab haus huv yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 100 grams tauj ib hnub. M altose tuaj yeem ncav cuag 35 grams ntawm lawv.
