Zaj lus qhia txog qhov ditty yog dab tsi, thaum ib daim duab zoo sib xws ntawm pej xeem kos duab tshwm, thiab hom ditties yog dab tsi.
Art
Nws tau ntev lawm ua pov thawj tias tsis muaj kos duab kev loj hlob ntawm ib lub neej ib txwm ua tsis tau yooj yim, thiab tib neeg yeej ib txwm txuas qhov tseem ceeb rau nws. Qhov kev ntshaw rau qee qhov ntawm nws qhov tshwm sim yog qhov tshwm sim hauv peb ntawm qib caj ces, thiab sib nrug los ntawm tib neeg, nws muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tsiaj txhu tsim. Zoo, peb txhua tus nco txog cov duab pob zeb uas peb cov poj koob yawm txwv anthropoid pleev xim rau thaum ntawd.
Lub sijhawm dhau mus, xws li daim duab kos duab zoo li pej xeem kos duab, uas tseem hu ua lus dab neeg, tau tshwm sim. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb yog cov nkauj, paj huam, zaj dab neeg, thiab lwm yam yog tsim los ntawm pab pawg neeg sau ntawv, dhau los ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam thiab thaum kawg poob ntawm cov thawj sau ntawv. Thiab lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm nws yog qhov kev kos duab no tau kis ntawm qhov ncauj. Ditties kuj siv rau nws. Tab sis dab tsi yog ditty, thaum twg nws tshwm sim thiab dab tsi yog nws hom? Peb mam li paub.
Definition
Raws li cov ntawv xov xwm encyclopedia, ditty yog ib yam ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus dab neeg, uas thaum kawg tau tsim nyob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Thiab kuv tus kheejlo lus no yog thawj zaug siv los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Uspensky thaum nws tau sau cov lus piav qhia ntawm pej xeem nqe. Yog hais tias peb tham txog cov hauv paus hniav ntawm ditties, ces feem ntau lawv yog seev cev thiab kev ua si choruses, collective round seev cev nkauj, tso dag ntawm buffoons, me nyuam teasers thiab luv luv humorous nkauj. Tam sim no peb paub tias dab tsi yog ditty. Xav txog nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb.
Raws li txoj cai, ditties yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, qee qhov aphoristic nta, cov lus sib txawv nrog cov lus piv txwv thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, kev hais lus humming, uas feem ntau nrog improvisation ntawm ntau yam twj paj nruag. Tam sim no peb paub tias dab tsi yog ditty.
Raws li ib qho ntawm cov qauv, lub npe los ntawm cov lus qhia "ib feem". Thiab yog tias koj mloog ib qho ntawm ditties, ces qhov kev xaiv no zoo li tsis muaj logic. Tam sim no cia peb saib ze dua ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm ditties.
Ntse
Feem ntau, ditties tau tsim los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas nyob deb nroog, uas tau ua rau lawv ib zaug rov ua suab paj nruag ntawm cov twj paj nruag sib txawv thaum lub sijhawm ua koob tsheej. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm ditties yog qhov loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, feem ntau, pej xeem ditties tau txawv los ntawm kev hlub-txhua hnub, cov ntsiab lus ua si. Yooj yim muab tso, cov no yog cov nkauj luv luv ntawm cov ncauj lus yooj yim, ze thiab paub txog rau txhua tus, uas yog vim li cas rau lawv qhov chaw. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm lub USSR, cov ntsiab lus ntawm ditties nce sharply, thiab ib co ntawm lawv muaj kev nom kev tswv lub ntsiab lus.
Ua ib yam lus teb rauQee qhov xwm txheej, qhov ditty feem ntau tshwm sim raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm improvisation. Nws kuj txawv ntawm kev ncaj ncees, kev qhia, hais rau ib tus neeg tshwj xeeb lossis pab pawg neeg, lossis qee cov chav sib raug zoo.
Feem ntau cov pej xeem ditties tau sau nyob rau hauv trochee, nyob rau hauv uas 2nd thiab 4th kab ntawm txoj hauj lwm rhymed. Tsis tas li ntawd, ditties yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov lus nplua nuj, cov duab zoo nkauj, kev sib piv, uas qee zaum dhau mus dhau ntawm cov lus sau (hais yooj yim, lawv hais lus phem).
History
Muaj qee qhov tseeb thiab hais txog cov ncauj lus luv luv lossis tsuas yog cov nkauj lom zem rov qab rau xyoo pua 18th. Muaj tseeb, lawv txhua tus tsis ntseeg. Tias yog vim li cas nws thiaj li feem ntau lees paub tias qhov ditty yog ib hom kev kos duab pej xeem keeb kwm hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th thiab tsim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau thawj xyoo caum ntawm kev tsim lub hwj chim Soviet.
Thaum pib, ntau tus ntseeg tias ditties yog ib yam dab tsi uas tsis tuaj yeem lees paub raws li kev kos duab pej xeem, thiab ib hom ntawv no tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov nkauj pej xeem, cuam tshuam lawv lub ntsiab lus thiab feem ntau ua rau Lavxias lus dab neeg tsis txaus ntseeg, tsis muaj ntxoov ntxoo. Los ntawm txoj kev, Fyodor Chaliapin nws tus kheej thiab ntau lwm tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th thaum ntxov tau hais tawm tsam ditties, xav tias lawv hais lus phem thiab ruam heev. Muaj tseeb, dhau sij hawm, txhua yam hloov pauv, thiab ntau tus kws sau nkauj tau pib siv qhov ntse thiab originality ntawm hom ntawv no. Thiab nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, ditties nyob hauv ib qho chaw tseem ceeb ntawm ntau hom kev kos duab pej xeem. Yog li peb txheeb xyuas qhov ditties yog dab tsi, lub ntsiab lus ntawm hom ntawv no thiab nws keeb kwm.
Thiab nthuav los ntawm txoj kevQhov tseeb: yeej tsis tau muaj ditties ntawm Don, tshwj tsis yog rau cov neeg tuaj txawv teb chaws los ntawm lwm cheeb tsam. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias Don Cossacks tau kho hom kev ua yeeb yam pej xeem no heev, suav tias nws ruam thiab txaj muag.
Tam sim no cia peb saib ntau hom.
Type of ditties
Cov hom hauv qab no muaj:
- Lyric. Lawv txawv ntawm qhov lawv tsuas muaj 4 kab thiab tsim los ntawm cov ncauj lus sib txawv, tsis tas yuav funny thiab yooj yim.
- Dance. Lawv kuj muaj 4 kab, tab sis lawv muaj lub suab tshwj xeeb, raws li lub npe qhia, nws yooj yim rau kev seev cev thiab seev cev. Piv txwv li, lub npe nrov ditty "Apple" belongs rau hom no.
- Kev txom nyem. Feem ntau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm xws li ditties yog kev hlub, tsis zoo siab lossis tsis txaus siab. Lawv hu nkauj maj mam, khov. Lawv tau faib thoob plaws tebchaws Russia, tshwj tsis yog Siberia.
- Matanya. Siv lo lus no, cov uas hu nkauj zoo li no hais txog lawv cov nraug vauv los yog nkauj nyab. Ib hom ntawv nws tus kheej tau muaj npe li ntawd vim tias lo lus tau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem ntau zaus. Lawv kuj tau muab tso ua ke siv plaub-ko taw trochaic.
Yog li peb tau txheeb xyuas lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "chastushki", lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev kos duab pej xeem thiab nws cov ntau hom.
Tshwj xeeb
Ib yam li lwm yam, lub ntsiab lus ntawm ditties muaj ntau haiv neeg. Tab sis tseem, kev hlub thiab cov ntsiab lus niaj hnub yeej ib txwm yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo thaum ntxov ntawm lub USSR, lub ntsiab lus ntawm ditties feem ntau ua activenom tswv propaganda ntawm lub system tshiab. Yog li ntawd, lawv compilers qhia indifference rau nom tswv tam sim no. Muaj tseeb tiag, dhau sijhawm nws tau dhau los ua txaus ntshai rau hu nkauj nrog cov ntsiab lus zoo li no.
Zoo, thaum lub sij hawm lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub USSR thiab lub thiaj li hu ua perestroika, ditties tshwm sim uas siv txawv teb chaws lo lus. Lub ntsiab lus nws tus kheej kuj tau hloov. Tam sim no, zaj nkauj no tsis nrov li yav tas los lawm.
