Thaum peb nco txog ib tug tub rog Liab ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, peb xav txog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, tus tub rog tu siab uas tau mus txog Berlin. Qab nws tsis yog tsuas yog ntau txhiab thiab ntau txhiab mais taug kev, tab sis kuj yog ib lub tsho tiv nag, thiab hauv nws txhais tes yog PPSh ncaj ncees. Tab sis puas yog lub tswv yim ntawm cov lus dab neeg Shpagin tsuas yog tsis siv neeg riam phom hauv Tub Rog Liab?
Tau kawg, PPD thiab PPS tau ua haujlwm, qhov kawg ntawm ntau tus kws sau keeb kwm thiab cov kws tua phom feem ntau xav txog rab phom submachine zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua tsov rog ntawd. Tab sis yuav luag tsis muaj leej twg paub tias tseem muaj rab phom Korovin submachine, uas nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev hwm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau nws "cov kwv tij loj".
Peb yuav tham txog nws thiab nws tus neeg tsim khoom hauv lub moj khaum ntawm kab lus no.
Backstory
Nws yog lub Kaum Hlis 1941 txaus ntshai, thaum Tub Rog Liab tau thim rov qab txhua qhov kev taw qhia. Cov Germans nrhiav kom tawg los ntawm lub nplhaib ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab mus rau Moscow. Lub ntsiab kev tawm tsam yog cov pab pawg tank, uas lawv cov tsheb tuaj txogpeev los ntawm peb cov lus qhia ib zaug.
Tula tau tiv thaiv los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm General Boldin, uas, tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua txaus ntshai thiab hnyav, tsis muaj ntau. Txhawm rau ua li cas pab cov tub rog tsis tu ncua hauv txoj haujlwm nyuaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub nroog, Pawg Neeg Ua Haujlwm tau txais kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev tsim cov tub rog tub rog ntawm 1,500 tus neeg. Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem pib … Yog tias xyaum tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm khaub ncaws thiab khoom noj rau cov neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb, ces kev muab riam phom sai sai tig mus rau qhov mob.
Yog, hauv ib lub pinch nws tuaj yeem ua tau (Tula caj npab Hoobkas, tom qab tag nrho!), tab sis nws siv sijhawm ntau dhau. Tsis muaj leej twg yuav muab khoom kim heev rau cov neeg tiv thaiv.
riam phom xaiv
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau meej meej tias cov riam phom uas xav tau yog rab phom submachine. Nws tsuas yog qee qhov ua tau los suav rau ntawm lawv cov khoom lag luam nrawm. Tsis txhob ua cov phom ntev los ntawm cov kav dej thiab cov hlau dov!
Hauv ib lo lus, cov neeg Tula tau muab tso rau hauv tib yam li cov neeg Askiv, uas "ntawm lawv lub hauv caug" ua lawv "Stans" lus los ntawm cov kav dej. Cov engineers tsis paub tias rov qab rau xyoo 1930, Sergei Aleksandrovich Korovin twb tau tsim riam phom zoo li no. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog yooj yim dua li lus Askiv tus kav dej npau npau, tab sis kuj yog ob zaug txhim khu kev qha thiab raug raws li rab phom submachine.
Tus txiv neej txoj hmoo nyuaj
Korovin yog ib tus kws ntaus phom me me. Nws tau koom nrog yuav luag txhua qhov kev sib tw xeem, tab sis lawv yeej tsuas yog los ntawmCov neeg sib tw: Degtyarev, Shpagin, Simonov … Cov xim ntawm Soviet riam phom kab lis kev cai, uas tsim cov riam phom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm USSR. Nws tseem tsis tau paub tias tus poj Fedorov yeej hlub nws cov menyuam kawm ntawv npaum li cas nws tau muab khoom plig rau lawv, lossis seb Korovin cov riam phom tseem muaj qee qhov kev tsim teeb meem.
"Nws" Korovin tsis yog, qhov tseeb. Nws yog ib tug tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Belgian master Browning. Tsuas yog nws rab yaj phom ntawm caliber 6, 35 mm ib zaug tau mus rau hauv cov koob, uas kom txog rau thaum 1936 tau muag dawb rau txhua tus pej xeem Soviet yam tsis muaj ntaub ntawv. Korovin submachine rab phom peb tab tom piav qhia tau poob rau hauv oblivion.
Thiab vim tias tus neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus nrog tsuas yog kev txhim kho cov qauv ntawm kev pib. Riam phom, uas tom qab ntawd sau cov plua plav ntawm lub qhov rais ntawm Tula caj npab khw. Nws yog nyob ntawd cov tub ceev xwm pom ib rab phom submachine, uas Sergey Alexandrovich ib zaug tsim los koom rau hauv kev sib tw uas PPD yeej.
Nws tsuas yog siv ob peb hnub rau kev xa tawm thawj zaug ntawm kev tsim khoom, thiab twb thaum lub Kaum Hlis kawg ntawm thawj cov qauv pom lub teeb. Nyob ze ntawm lub zos Rogozhinsky, riam phom hla lawv kev cai raus dej ntawm hluav taws thaum Lub Kaum Hli 30, 1941. Ib zaug ntxiv, Tula Arms Plant tau ua pov thawj tias nws muaj peev xwm tsim riam phom zoo heev hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej.
Thawj siv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm PPK
Thaum sawv ntxov, 40 tus yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam tsoo mus rau cov tuam tsev ua haujlwm. Lawv tau them los ntawm ob peb detachments ntawm tshuab gunners. Guderian lub tso tsheb hlau luam txiav txim siab los pincer cov neeg Tula, mus cuag lawv los ntawm ob tog. Tab sis lawv ua tsis tau tejyam:Cov tub rog siab tawv tau tawg tsheb nrog grenades, pelted lawv nrog Molotov cocktails. Cov tub rog German tau muaj sijhawm sim ua rab phom Korovin submachine.
Cov ntaub ntawv Archival qhia tias kev sib ntaus sib tua kub tau ntev tshaj li plaub teev. Cov Nazis txog tsib zaug sim coj txoj haujlwm ntawm Tula militias. Lub tso tsheb hlau luam yeej tsis muaj peev xwm los ze lawv, thiab cov tub rog tau raug tua los ntawm hluav taws los ntawm Korovin riam phom. rab phom submachine tau pom nws tus kheej hauv qhov kev sib ntaus los ntawm sab zoo tshaj plaws.
Tsev yam ntxwv ntawm riam phom
Simplicity yog tus yuam sij rau kev vam meej ntawm cov khoom no los ntawm Sergei Alexandrovich. Korovin submachine phom, uas tau tswj kom sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze Tula, yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov riam phom uas tau xa mus rau kev sib tw. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis muaj ib tug ntoo Tshuag, uas yuav tsum tau ib tug ntev thiab mob siab rau txiav, thiab kuj tsis muaj chim casing. Cov yav tas yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb stamping, uas nyob rau hauv cov kev mob tsuas yog tsis muaj sij hawm.
Txhua qhov chaw ntawm rab phom submachine (tshwj tsis yog lub bolt thiab receiver) tau ua los ntawm kev kub nyhiab. Vuam tau siv los txuas lawv ua ke. Lub receiver nws tus kheej yog tsim los ntawm … ib tug zoo tib yam yeeb nkab (nyob zoo, "Stan")! Qhov tseeb, Korovin muaj peev xwm tsim tau riam phom tshiab kiag li nyob rau ob peb hnub. Thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog, nws tuaj yeem tsim tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag (txawm tias yog lub khw muag khoom ib nrab), uas muaj cov khoom qub qub tshaj plaws.
Lub "lub cev" ntawm riam phom muaj qhov ntev ntawm 682 hli. Butt (hlau, hinged) ntxiv rau nws ntxivmillimeters 400.
Automatic thiab USM
Raws li koj tuaj yeem twv, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm automation yog ua raws li lub kaw lus dawb. Thawj qhov ceev ntawm cov mos txwv yog 480 m / s. Lub thoob tau muab xauv nrog lub bolt ntawm qhov loj thiab ib lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav reciprocating. Cov riam phom tsis muaj fuse. Nws lub luag haujlwm tau ua si los ntawm kev txiav tawm ntawm sab xis ntawm lub receiver, qhov twg nws muaj peev xwm nqa tau thiab kho qhov chaw thau khoom. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tua los ntawm PPK nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no, lub spontaneous poob ntawm tus kov los ntawm kho qhov slots raug tshem tawm.
Lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntawm riam phom tso cai rau tus neeg tua phom tsuas yog siv hluav taws xob tsis siv neeg. Qhov "highlight" yog sear, ho thawb rau pem hauv ntej. Txoj hauj lwm no ua kom muaj qhov tseeb ntawm thawj zaug txhaj tshuaj. Lub trigger muaj ib tug ntev thiab du stroke, lub zog ntawm nws tsis tshaj 2.9 kg. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ejector yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv siv nyiaj thiab rau nws tshem tawm ntawm riam phom. Nws tau ruaj khov txuas rau hauv qab ntawm tus txais.
Cov cuab yeej pom tau qhib, ntawm qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws tsim: muaj qhov tig rov qab pom (rau 100 thiab 200 meters), nrog rau qhov pom pem hauv ntej uas tuaj yeem hloov mus rau kab rov tav.
Lwm yam nta
Vim qhov loj ntawm pawg ntsia liaj qhov rooj (700 grams), nrog rau cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj ntawm 143 hli, PPK raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm tus nqi qis heev: tsuas yog 470 rounds ib feeb. Tsis zoo li PPSh, nws lub npe tau ntsib cov tub rog pem hauv ntej deciphered li "Shpagin's cartridge devourer", Korovin cov khoom.tso cai rau kev lag luam siv mos txwv. Cov neeg tua phom hloov kho yam tsis muaj teeb meem ua txawm tias ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm riam phom, uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm tib PPSh ntawm cov tub rog xyoo tso tawm.
Feem ntau, yog tias peb xav txog tag nrho cov phom submachine ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, tsuas yog Asmeskas Thompson ib txwm tuaj yeem tua ib daim cartridges. Tab sis nws raug nqi ntau pua lub sij hawm ntau dua li qhov "PPD nyuaj dhau", los hais tsis muaj dab tsi ntawm PPC pheej yig, uas tuaj yeem ua tau yuav luag los ntawm cov khoom seem.
Ib lub ncoo recoil tau txuas rau lub folding hlau taub qab (nws tuaj yeem tig). Ntoo sab plhu tau superimposed ntawm rab yaj phom tuav ntawm riam phom. Txij li thaum lub riam phom no nyob rau hauv "tub rog" version tsis muaj forearm, tus fighter tuav nws txhais tes ntawm lub magazine, ua los ntawm txias stamping. Peev xwm - 35 rounds, staggered mos txwv. Zoo li lwm yam riam phom Soviet ntawm chav kawm no, rab phom Lavxias teb sab submachine siv tus qauv Soviet cartridge ntawm lub sijhawm - 7.62x25.
Tsis nco qab lawm…
Yog tias koj xav tias nws tsuas siv ob hnub los xa khoom ntau lawm, ces riam phom tau dhau los ua kev ntseeg tau zoo heev! Tau kawg, kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo (tsis yog lub kaw lus txhim khu kev qha, tsis muaj lub hauv pliaj), tab sis rau txhua qhov zoo ntawm PPC, lawv tuaj yeem zam kev nyab xeeb. Yog li nyob rau hauv qeb duas "Submachine phom ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob" qhov riam phom no ntseeg siab ua ntej.
Hmoov tsis zoo, Korovin yeej tsis tau txais kev lees paub vim. Sergei Alexandrovich tseem txuas ntxiv tsim cov qauv tshiabriam phom, tab sis ib txwm tsis yeej khoom plig hauv kev sib tw. Rau nws txoj kev ua yeeb yam thiab kev tshaj lij nyob ze Tula, nws tsuas yog tau txais Daim Ntawv Cuam Tshuam thiab Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Lub Hnub Qub Liab. Tsuas yog ua ntej nws tuag hauv USSR lawv tau "pom" nws qhov zoo. Tus tsim qauv tau txais ib qho khoom plig me me "Rau Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War." Qhov tseeb, qhov no tsuas yog nqi zog rau nws qhov kev tsim.
Zoo kawg
Txawm tias peb xav txog tias tsis muaj ib qho ntawm nws txoj kev txhim kho tau mus rau hauv koob (tshwj tsis yog rab yaj phom), nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis lees paub txhua qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm nws uas tau siv los ntawm lwm cov neeg tua phom Soviet tom qab. Kev tsim kho ntawm Sergei Alexandrovich tau tso cai rau lawv los tsim riam phom tshiab ntawm USSR nrog kev siv zog tsawg thiab kev ua haujlwm.
