Suab paj nruag yog ib txoj kev zoo ntawm tus kheej qhia, muaj tswv yim, uas tsis yog muab rau sawv daws ua, tab sis peb txhua tus xav tau kev lom zem suab paj nruag. "toccata" txhais li cas thiab vim li cas lo lus no tsim nyog paub txawm tias cov neeg mloog suab paj nruag, tsis yog cov kws tshaj lij, koj yuav paub los ntawm kev nyeem cov kab lus no.
"Piano" lus
Ib zaug dhau los, nyob rau hnub ntawm cov kws sau nkauj xws li Mendelssohn, Lebussy thiab Schumann, lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "toccata" txhais tau tias ib qho ntawm cov suab paj nruag tsim rau piano, thiab qhov tseeb txhua yam twj paj nruag. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm toccata yog lub dynamism ntawm suab paj nruag, clarity ntawm kev ua si ntawm lub suab, luv luv sau ntawv. Rau piano thiab lub cev suab paj nruag, classical toccata yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Dab tsi tseem ceeb yog qhov sib lawv liag ntawm kev hloov lub suab toccata nyob rau hauv lub bass los yog nyob rau hauv lub treble clef. Toccata nyob rau hauv ntau yam hauj lwm suab zoo li ib tug playful, lub teeb qhia, keeb kwm yav dhau rau lub ntsiab lub ntsiab ntawm ib daim suab paj nruag. Qhov taw qhia ntawm lub suab yog thawj txhais lus ntawm lo lus toccata los ntawm Italian, uas txhais tau tias"kov", "push".
Game technique
Ntawm daim ntawv suab paj nruag, toccata yog qhia los ntawm cov dots saum cov ntawv sau, cov ntawv no tau ua si sib cuam tshuam, meej, tab sis tib lub sijhawm teeb "beats". Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tes yuav tsum tsis txhob qhib siab dhau ntawm cov yuam sij, vim tias qhov no ua rau lub zog ntawm qhov kev ua si. Thaum ua si "toccata", koj tsis tuaj yeem "kho" hauv lub suab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tswj tsis tau. Feem ntau, orchestral toccata qhia txog kev ntaus, peals ntawm cua thiab percussion (tsawg percussion - zoo li timpani) seev.
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los hnov qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm toccata nyob rau hauv niaj hnub operas thiab ballets, txawm hais tias tus qauv no tau tshwm sim thawj zaug hauv Renaissance nyob deb.
Nkauj kho siab heev
Toccata yog kab tias feem ntau playful daim ntawv ntawm ib daim suab paj nruag los yog ib feem ntawm nws, koj tuaj yeem hnov nws hauv kab parody thiab yob hu hauv operas, suab paj nruag humoresques.
Hais txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm nws lub suab, toccata tuaj yeem muab piv nrog scherzo - tib lub suab paj nruag tsis zoo thiab ua si uas tuaj yeem txhawb koj sai sai thiab tsim kom muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua koob tsheej.
Nkauj kho siab
Ib zaug dhau los, qhov kev xav tsis thoob ntawm toccata, lub suab paj nruag impetuous thiab virtuoso, yog ib qho kev taw qhia rau cov suab paj nruag ua si ntawm pawg ntseeg kev ua koob tsheej, feem ntau yog los ntawm lub Koom Txoos Catholic. Lub toccata qhib lub polyphonic choral tej hauj lwm, foreshadowed lub yob hu ntawm ntau yam uas nws kim heev heroes ntawm lub suab paj nruas ua hauj lwm.
music texture
Toccata tau ua tiav hauv cov txheej txheem meej, uas tsis yog txhua tus kws ntaus nkauj tuaj yeem ua tiav. Ntawm cov kws sau ntawv zoo, Johann Sebastian Bach kuj muaj npe nrov rau nws cov txuj ci sib cuam tshuam, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nrog ntau qib ntawm kev sib tw, ua si zoo kawg nkaus toccata uas txhua qhov kev hais lus nyob hauv nws qhov chaw.
Toccata yog ib txoj haujlwm uas yuav tsum muaj lub suab meej. Chords, cov nqe lus siab yog tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem. Polyphonic motifs, raws li tau hais ua ntej, yog qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm ib qho toccata, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau kev ua yeeb yam.
Etude and Toccata
Thaum lub sijhawm thaum cov kws sau nkauj zoo li etudist xws li Czerny thiab Schumann tau tsim, etude thiab toccata tau los ze heev hauv lawv cov xim ua haujlwm zoo nkauj. Txog niaj hnub no, Czerny's etudes tau siv nyob rau hauv cov chaw khaws cia thiab cov tsev kawm suab paj nruag txhawm rau qhia cov tub ntxhais hluas tshuab raj kom siv tag nrho cov xim ntxoov ntxoo hauv cov suab paj nruag txhawm rau txhim kho cov ntiv tes zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.
keeb kwm keeb kwm
Tiav kev sib tham txog dab tsi toccata yog, nws tsis tuaj yeem hais txog keeb kwm theem ntawm kev tsim cov nkauj no. Toccata keeb kwm nyob rau hauv Renaissance lig nyob rau sab qaum teb Ltalis. Kev ua suab paj nruag ntawm xyoo 1590 muaj cov ntsiab lus toccata.
Lub sijhawm Baroque hauv suab paj nruag yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb, los ntawm Renaissance nws sab laug polyphony thiab contrapuncture. Fugue yog lub suab paj nruag tseem ceeb ntawm lub sijhawm no. Txawm li cas los xij, "musicality" ntawm lub sijhawm yog sai heevtxo qis, lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev ua suab nrov tau nce.
Fugues, arias tau txais lawv "lub sijhawm kub" hauv suab paj nruag. Yog li, lub baroque toccata tau ntev dua li toccata ntawm Renaissance, tab sis tib lub sij hawm khaws nws cov dynamism thiab xav tau ib qho kev tsim txiaj los ntawm tus neeg ua yeeb yam.
Lub suab nkauj ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tsuas yog muab piv nrog cov qauv tsim, uas tsuas yog txawv txawv thiab ntau. Baroque toccata yuav luag ib txwm muab lub tswv yim ntawm ntshiab improvisation, yog li txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm hom no thaum lub sij hawm Baroque.
Tom qab kawg ntawm lub sijhawm baroque, toccata tsawg dua thiab tsis tshua muaj suab paj nruag. Composers ntawm lub sijhawm tom ntej ntawm Romanticism tseem tig mus rau daim ntawv stylistic ntawm toccata, piv txwv li, yav tas los hais Schumann tau nyiam heev ntawm daim ntawv ntawm toccata.
List yog lwm tus ua yeeb yam ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Nws siv cov toccata ua qhov nthuav dav stylistic hauv nws cov w altzes nto moo.
Schumann cov haujlwm yog suav tias yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws, thaum Liszt's toccata yog ib feem luv luv ntawm kev sau, uas maj mam poob nws lub ntsiab lus tseeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau nkauj no.
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, Prokofiev kuj revived lub zam rau no suab paj nruas daim ntawv, nrog rau nws nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm, tab sis kuj tsis ntev.
Toccatas tau sau rau lub cev rau qee lub sijhawm. Tam sim no cov tub ntxhais ua yeeb yam thiab cov kws sau nkauj tau zoo siab rau lawv cov kev txawj nrog daim ntawv no. Toccata tso cai rau koj los ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm qhov kev ua si thiab tsim kom muaj suab paj nruag playfulmus ob peb vas, tsis hnyav li semantic load ntawm kev ua hauj lwm.
