Cov menyuam yaus xav paub ntau ntxiv thiab, xav tsis thoob ntawm ib yam dab tsi, npaj siab nrhiav cov laj thawj ua txuj ci tseem ceeb. Cov niam txiv yuav tsum coj kom zoo dua ntawm cov yam ntxwv no los pib qhia tus me nyuam, suav nrog qhov tsis nyob, rau kev tshawb fawb. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus, kev sim thiab kev sim yog qhov ua tiav. Nco ntsoov tias cov menyuam yaus ib txwm nyiam tsim kev ua ub no hauv kev ua si, thiab txhua tus niam txiv tuaj yeem tsim cov phiaj xwm xwm txheej.
Cov kab lus tau npaj ib qho kev xaiv ntawm qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv kev sim nrog tsawg kawg ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog: koj xav tau cov hlau nplaum thiab ob peb yam ntxiv uas tuaj yeem pom hauv txhua chav tsev. Kev sim nrog cov hlau nplaum rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool tuaj yeem ua tau tom tsev lossis ua qauv qhia hauv qhov xwm txheej.
Tus menyuam hnub nyoog twg yuav nkag siab txog kev sim hlau nplaum?
Feem ntau, cov kws qhia ntawv tsis txwv: cov khoom ntawm cov hlau nplaum tau pom nyob rau hauv kindergarten thiab tom tsev kawm ntawv. Cov me nyuam yaus pom cov hlau nplaum yog cov khawv koob tiag tiag, cov menyuam yaus loj, dhau los ntawm kev sim nrog cov hlau nplaum, tau txais kev paub tob txog qhov tshwm sim,nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig. Thaum lub sij hawm sim kev tshawb fawb, xav paub ntau ntxiv thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm tus me nyuam tau qhib. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb tias tus menyuam yuav tsis nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev sim. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev paub txog kev txaus siab kuj yog lub hom phiaj zoo ntawm cov hlau nplaum kev paub. Thiab thaum tus me nyuam loj hlob mus txog qhov kev paub tshiab, koj tuaj yeem rov ua zaj lus qhia thiab piav qhia vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim.
Kev sim 1: dab tsi nyiam cov hlau nplaum
Kev sim nrog cov hlau nplaum yog yooj yim los npaj. Koj yuav xav tau qee cov ntaub ntawv sim - yooj yim thiab paub tus me nyuam. Piv txwv li:
- phuam qhwv caj dab;
- paper napkin;
- xaum;
- nut;
- penny;
- piece of Styrofoam;
- xaum, thiab lwm yam.
Thiab, tau kawg, ib lub hlau nplaum. Caw koj tus menyuam los tuav cov hlau nplaum rau txhua qhov khoom pov thawj thiab saib.
Qhov kev paub no tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv nrog ntau yam hlau: txhuas, kub, nyiaj, npib tsib xee thiab hlau. Los ntawm kev sim, koj tuaj yeem piav qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hlau los ntawm kev qhia tias cov hlau txawv li cas ntawm lwm tus.
Nco ntsoov txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim nrog cov hlau nplaum. Cov menyuam yaus nqus cov kev paub zoo li daim txhuam cev, yog li tsis txhob ntshai "load" tus menyuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv tsis tsim nyog. Nws yog lub hnub nyoog no uas muaj peev xwm kawm tau thiab muaj lub siab xav kawm yam tshiab.
Kev Paub 2: "Nrhiav cov khoom muaj nqis hauv suab puam"
Kev paub yooj yim heev rau cov menyuam yaus hauv kev ua si. Muab cov ntawv clips lossis lwm yam khoom me me rau hauv lub thawv, npog lawv nrog hmoov nplej los yog semolina. Qhiatus me nyuam, xav txog yuav ua li cas koj thiaj li tau txais cov khoom muaj nqis. Sift? Rau qhov kov? Los yog nws yooj yim dua nrog cov hlau nplaum?
Qhov kev sim no yuav pab cov menyuam nkag siab tias cov hlau nplaum ua rau cov khoom hlau thiab los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv xws li ntawv thiab iav.
Muab cov ntawv nplaum rau ntawm daim duab los yog daim ntawv ntoo thiab, txav cov hlau nplaum hauv qab cov khoom, ua kom pom kev txav ntawm cov hlau. Tib qhov kev sim kuj tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog ib daim iav. Piv txwv li, muab ob peb yam khoom hlau rau ntawm lub rooj kas fes niaj hnub nrog lub khob sab saum toj thiab txav cov hlau nplaum los ntawm hauv qab.
Lus xaus: cov hlau nplaum tuaj yeem ua hlau nplaum los ntawm daim ntawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, nyias nyias lossis iav.
Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov kev paub dhau los tuaj yeem hloov mus rau lwm qhov kev ua si. Ua ib daim ntawv thov rau ntawm daim ntawv, piv txwv li, paj paj. Txiav tawm tus npauj npaim los ntawm daim ntawv xim, khi ib daim ntawv clip rau ntawm nws thiab, txav ib lub hlau nplaum los ntawm sab nraub qaum, "hloov" tus npauj npaim ntawm ib lub paj mus rau lwm qhov.
Kev sim 3: hlau nplaum, dej thiab hlau nplaum
Cov me nyuam zoo nkauj zoo li sim nrog dej. Nqa ib lub khob los ntawm cov yas pob tshab los yog iav, txo cov ntawv clips nyob ntawd thiab pib tsav cov hlau nplaum raws phab ntsa ntawm iav. Cov khoom los ntawm cov dej yuav "crawl" nrog lub zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum.
Lwm qhov kev sim - cov nyhuv ntawm cov hlau nplaum ntawm qhov deb. Kos kab ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm ntau qhov deb. Muab ib daim ntawv clip rau ntawm txhua tus. Nug tus menyuam los tshuaj xyuas seb lub hlau nplaum ua haujlwm deb npaum li cas los ntawm kev coj nws los ze zog rau cov khoom siv sim.
Magnet qhia nws lub zog tsuas yog ntawm qhov tseebnrug ntawm qhov kev kawm. Thaum qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov khoom thiab cov hlau nplaum yog qhov tseem ceeb, cov khoom tawm ntawm qhov ntau. Ua li no, nws muaj peev xwm txo tau qhov sib nqus quab yuam lossis txawm tias ua rau nws tag nrho.
Qhov tshwm sim no tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog npib. Khi nws nrog ib tug xov, muab cov xov rau ntawm daim duab los qhia thiab muab tso rau ntawm lub rooj. Nqa cov hlau nplaum mus rau lub npib ntawm qhov deb ntawm ib meter. Txav cov hlau nplaum kom ze rau lub npib kom txog thaum lub npib pib txav mus. Ntsuas qhov nrug nrog tus pas ntsuas. Nqa cov hlau nplaum los ze zog kom lub npib nyiam nws. Ntsuas dua. Thaum cov hlau nplaum nyob hauv kab, nws yuav nyiam cov nyiaj npib. Tab sis thaum lub hlau nplaum tawm ntawm kab, lub npib nyob rau hauv qhov chaw.
Yog li, koj tuaj yeem piav qhia lub tswvyim ntawm lub teb sib nqus thiab nws cov khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd qhia. Feem ntau cov hlau nplaum yog qhov tsis pom, tab sis nrog cov hlau shavings koj tuaj yeem pom nws cov kev txwv. Ncuav cov ntaub ntawv hlau rau ntawm daim ntawv lossis iav, nqa cov hlau nplaum los ntawm sab nraub qaum - cov chips yuav sib sau ua ke rau hauv peb qhov qauv. Qhov no yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov hlau nplaum, uas tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev siv cov hlau nplaum los ntawm cov ntawv hauv qab ntawm daim ntawv nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm sawdust ntawm daim ntawv. Cov chips yuav nyob raws cov kab ntawm daim teb.
Magnetic field "silences" the sand
Lwm sim ntawm cov khoom no nrog xuab zeb. Muab rab koob rau hauv lub khob thiab ncuav ib co xuab zeb rau hauv nws. Nqa cov hlau nplaum mus rau phab ntsa ntawm lub iav - lub koob tsis hnov mob rau cov hlau nplaum. Tam sim no muab rab koob tso rau hauv ib khob dej thiab ua tib yam nrog cov hlau nplaum. Cov koob yuav ua raws li cov hlau nplaum mus rau cov npooiav.
Qhia tias cov hlau nplaum nkag mus rau hauv dej. Yog tias cov phab ntsa ntawm cov iav muaj qee yam khoom siv hlau nplaum, ces rab koob tseem yuav nyiam cov hlau nplaum, tab sis tsis yog nrog lub zog zoo li no. Cov hlau nplaum yuav tsis muaj zog los ntawm cov iav phab ntsa.
Kev sim 4: hlau nplaum tus neeg xyuas pib
Ib lub hlau nplaum tuaj yeem xa cov khoom ntawm kev nyiam los ntawm hlau. Rau qhov kev sim no, koj yuav xav tau cov hlau nplaum muaj zog. Cov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ua tiav ntsug. Dai ib daim ntawv clip los ntawm cov hlau nplaum, thiab ib qho ntxiv rau nws. Nug koj tus menyuam kom pab koj los ntawm kev txuas "txuas" mus rau cov saw hlau sib nqus.
Ib qho kev sim yuav luag zoo sib xws tuaj yeem qhia tau tias nws yooj yim los tsim cov hlau nplaum sib nqus. Tshem cov hlau nplaum los ntawm cov saw hlau ntawm daim ntawv clips, yog tias koj coj lawv mus rau ib leeg, lawv yuav pib nyiam, zoo li cov hlau nplaum ua haujlwm. Qhov no tshwm sim vim hais tias cov atoms nyob rau hauv ib yam khoom hlau nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm ib tug magnetic teb kab nyob rau hauv tib kab li nyob rau hauv ib tug hlau nplaum, ib ntus tau txais nws cov khoom.
Kev sim 5: compass
Koj tuaj yeem ua kom pom qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov hlau nplaum. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj xav tau lub tshuab raj, rab koob thiab pob tshab phaj. Piav tag nrho cov theem ntawm kev sim nrog cov hlau nplaum.
Tuav rab koob rau ob peb feeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum, tom qab ntawd muab cov roj rau ntawm nws thiab txo qis rau hauv lub tais dej. Lub koob yuav pib txav mus txog thaum nws khov rau hauv ib txoj haujlwm. Nqa lub compass rau lub phaj, yog tias lub cuab yeej ua haujlwm, nws lub xub yuav qhia tib yam li lub koob magnetized.
Qhia rau koj tus menyuam tias lub ntiaj teb kuj yog hlau nplaum. Thiab lub magnetic tebntawm lub ntiaj teb no taw qhia lub magnetic compass koob sab qaum teb.
Kev sim nrog lub compass tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv qhov - zoo siab thiab paub ntau ntxiv. Ntawm chav kawm, nws yuav tsis yooj yim heev los txiav txim qhov kev taw qhia hauv txoj kev no, tab sis nws yuav nthuav. Yog li, koj yuav ua kom pom ib qho piv txwv ntawm "magic" cov khoom ntawm cov khoom paub uas tuaj yeem hloov lub compass ntawm kev mus ncig.
Wonder Magnet
Tsis yog qhov kev sim nrog cov hlau nplaum tsuas yog nthuav, tab sis kuj yog ib zaj dab neeg luv luv txog nws. Qhia koj tus menyuam tias muaj cov hlau nplaum hauv ntau yam: xov tooj, khoos phis tawj, txee, thiab lwm yam. Cov hlau nplaum yog siv rau hauv tsheb, hluav taws xob motors, suab paj nruag, khoom ua si, thiab lwm yam. Qhia rau koj tus menyuam:
- Keeb kwm ntawm cov hlau nplaum.
- Hais txog cov hlau nplaum hauv lub hnub ci.
- About natural and artificial magnets.
Cov ntaub ntawv sib tham tuaj yeem tuav ua ntej kev sim, thaum lub sijhawm sim lossis tom qab nthuav tawm tag nrho cov lus zais. Peb yuav pab koj me ntsis, txawm li cas los xij, peb cov khoom siv tau yooj yim ntxiv thiab nthuav.
Dab tsi yog hlau nplaum?
Qhov no yog lub cev uas tuaj yeem nyiam cov khoom hlau thiab hlau. Paub los ntawm lub sijhawm ntev, txawm tias cov neeg Suav thaum ub paub txog cov hlau nplaum ntau tshaj li ob txhiab xyoo dhau los. Magnet - los ntawm lub npe ntawm thaj av uas tau pom cov hlau nplaum - Magnesia. Nov yog nyob rau Asia Minor.
Peb twb tau hais tias lub ntiaj teb yog hlau nplaum, ntxiv rau qhov tib neeg kuj muaj qhov sib nqus. Qhia peb txog cov neeg uas nyiam cov khoom siv hlau. Muaj ntau cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov duab nrog cov piv txwv hauv Is Taws Nem. Lub magnetic teb nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg ua rau pom nws lub zogplhaub los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.
Yog koj qhia me nyuam txog lub galaxy ces nws yuav pom nws nthuav tias cov ntiaj chaw nyob hauv lub hnub ci kuj yog cov hlau nplaum loj heev.
Qhia koj tus menyuam txog hom hlau nplaum. Muaj tej yam ntuj tso - deposits ntawm magnetic ores - thiab dag - tsim los ntawm cov txiv neej los ntawm cov khoom sib nqus nyuaj los yog siv hluav taws xob tam sim no.
