Txhua hnub peb nyeem ntau yam ntawv - cov ntawv hauv ntawv xov xwm thiab cov ntawv xov xwm, cov ntawv me me, phau ntawv, phau ntawv, phau ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv. Tag nrho cov no, tom qab sau ntawv, tsis yog tam sim ntawd luam tawm lossis mus rau xovxwm. Tsim, kho - cov theem ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov ntawv tiav. Lub sijhawm kawg txhais li cas? Hom kev kho dab tsi muaj nyob thiab lawv qhov xwm txheej yog dab tsi?
Editing tswvyim
"Editing" los ntawm Latin. Muaj ib lo lus zoo li redactus hauv nws. Nws lub ntsiab lus yog "muab rau hauv kev txiav txim". Hauv Lavxias, "kev hloov kho" yog hais txog ntau lub tswv yim. Nws muaj ob peb lub ntsiab lus:
- Kho kom raug yog feem ntau hu ua kev kho cov ntawv sau, tshem tawm cov ntawv sau, cim cim, kev ua yuam kev. Tsis tas li, lo lus no txhais tau tias hloov tus qauv tsim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv (hloov cov font, indents thiab lwm yam kev tsis zoo ntawm cov ntawv nyeem, muab faib ua kab).
- Muaj lwm txhais. Kev kho yog ib hom kev ua haujlwm tshaj lij. ATcov kws kho mob ua haujlwm hauv xov xwm los npaj rau kev tshaj tawm cov ntawv luam tawm.
Hom kev kho thiab lawv cov ntsiab lus
Kho kom raug muab faib ua 2 hom. Cov no yog cov dav dav, tseem hu ua universal, thiab tshwj xeeb. Thawj hom kev kho yog nkag siab tias yog ib qho kev ua tiav ntawm tus editor txoj haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Thaum lub sijhawm kho, cov ntawv sau tau raug txhim kho, kev sau ntawv thiab cov cim cim tsis raug, rov ua cov lus raug tshem tawm.
Kev kho tshwj xeeb yog ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv nyeem los ntawm qee qhov tshwj xeeb, rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas uas tsis muaj kev paub dav txaus. Txoj haujlwm no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov kws kho uas yog cov kws tshaj lij sib sib zog nqus hauv ib qho kev paub tshwj xeeb uas cov ntawv kho lossis cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob. Kev kho tshwj xeeb muaj kev faib tawm. Nws yog subdivided rau hauv:
- literary;
- scientific;
- kev txawj ntse thiab kev txawj ntse.
Literary editing
Kev sau ntawv nyeem yog txheej txheem uas cov ntawv sau ntawm cov ntawv lossis kev ua haujlwm raug tshuaj xyuas, ntsuas thiab txhim kho. Tus editor tab tom ua haujlwm hauv qab no:
- kho kom raug lexical yuam kev;
- ua tiav cov ntawv sau kom zoo;
- tshem tawm cov laj thawj tsis raug, txhim kho daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv nyeem (tawg rau hauv kab lus, tshooj lossis sib txuas ua ke);
- txo cov ntawv nyeem thaum tuav cov ntsiab lus semantic;
- tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv tiag tiag (hnub, npe, nqes lus, tus nqi txheeb cais).
Kev kho kom raug
Ntau phau ntawv, cov ntawv sau txog qee yam kev tshawb fawb (piv txwv li, ntawm kev kho mob). Feem ntau cov kws sau ntawv tsis yog kws tshaj lij. Reputable publishing tsev siv cov kev pab cuam ntawm scientific editors. Cov neeg no tshawb xyuas cov ntawv los ntawm kev tshawb fawb sab, tshem tawm qhov tsis raug, tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug thiab tsis tseeb.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov npe ntawm cov kws kho mob tshawb fawb hauv cov phau ntawv, cov ntawv xov xwm tau qhia rau ntawm nplooj ntawv npe raws li cov qauv kev tshaj tawm. Lub cim uas tus kws kho kev tshawb fawb tau koom nrog hauv qhov project ua qhov kev lees paub ntawm cov ntawv nyeem zoo, qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm.
Nkauj kho siab thiab kho kho
Kev kho duab kos duab hauv tsev tshaj tawm muaj koob npe yog ua los ntawm cov kws kho duab kos duab. Lawv koom nrog kev tsim ntawm lub hau npog thiab tag nrho cov ntawv xov xwm, ntawv xov xwm lossis phau ntawv, xaiv cov duab thiab xim schemes. Yog li, kev kho kom zoo nkauj yog ib txoj hauv kev uas tsim cov ntawv luam tawm, kos duab, layouts, illustrations yog tsim, txheeb xyuas thiab ntsuas los ntawm kev kos duab thiab luam ntawv pom.
Tseem muaj xws li ib yam li kev kho. Thaum lub sij hawm nws, cov kev tsis sib xws ntawm kev ntaus ntawv thiab nws cov layout raug kho, yog tias tsim nyog, fonts, lawv qhov ntau thiab tsawg, indents, kab sib nrug raug hloov, cov lej thiab cov ntawv sau npe tau ntxiv kom yooj yim.kev xaav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Kev hloov kho niaj hnub
Zoo txhua tus neeg niaj hnub no tsis tuaj yeem xav txog lawv lub neej yam tsis muaj computer. Cov txheej txheem no muaj nyob hauv vaj tse, thiab hauv tsev kawm ntawv, thiab hauv ntau lub koom haum thiab tuam txhab. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov khoos phis tawj, ntau cov ntawv tau tsim: cov ntawv, cov ntawv nyeem, daim ntawv pov thawj thiab cov haujlwm tshawb fawb, cov ntaub ntawv. Ntau qhov kev pab cuam tau tsim los uas tau qhib dav rau kev kho.
Ib qho ntawm cov khoos phis tawj nto moo yog Microsoft Word. Nrog nws, koj tuaj yeem tsis tsuas ntaus ntawv, tab sis kuj hloov cov ntaub ntawv, npaj lawv kom zoo:
- tshem tawm cov ntawv sau thiab cov qauv sau ntawv yuam kev (hauv cov ntawv lawv tau kos los ntawm lub neej ntawd nrog cov kab liab thiab ntsuab);
- hloov qhov loj ntawm cov npoo, xaiv cov nplooj ntawv tsim nyog (daim ntawv hom, portrait lossis toj roob hauv pes orientation);
- ntxiv ntau cov kab hauv qab, qhia cov ntawv hauv qhov chaw zoo nrog cov xim sib txawv, ntxig cov mos txwv sai sai thiab tus lej;
- faib cov ntawv rau hauv kab, ntxig cov ntxhuav, kab kos, kab kos, duab, ntxiv cov lus taw qhia, hyperlinks.
Ntau zaus hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov neeg siv tau ntsib nrog qhov xav tau hloov kho PDF-cov ntaub ntawv ("PDF"). Hom ntawv no yog dav thiab nrov. Cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb tau tsim los kho cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no. Lawv tso cai rau cov neeg siv tshem tawm cov nplooj ntawv tsis tsim nyog, qhia cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb nrog qhov kajxim, txav cov ntawv thiab cov duab nraaj. Hloov kho "pdf" nrog kev pab ntawm cov kev pab cuam yog ib qho yooj yim heev, vim hais tias lawv cov interface yog intuitive. Tag nrho cov cuab yeej tsim nyog tau tshwm sim hauv cov kev pab cuam ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag.
Nyob rau hauv xaus, nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias kev kho yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj cov ntawv. Nws tuaj yeem nqa tau siv ntau yam khoos phis tawj. Lawv muab cov neeg siv nrog ntau yam kev xaiv. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, cov ntawv dawb uas tsis muaj formatting tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev lag luam tsim tau zoo lossis rau hauv kev tshaj tawm ci ntsa iab uas nyiam qhov kev xav tau.
