Romanticism thiab realism yog ntau tshaj li tiam hauv cov ntaub ntawv

Cov txheej txheem:

Romanticism thiab realism yog ntau tshaj li tiam hauv cov ntaub ntawv
Romanticism thiab realism yog ntau tshaj li tiam hauv cov ntaub ntawv
Anonim

Cov ntawv nyeem zoo tshaj plaws uas tau mus txog lawv lub hnub qub hauv Lavxias cov ntawv nyeem nyob rau xyoo pua 19th, muaj cov neeg coob sib npaug, sib cav sib ceg, yog romanticism thiab realism. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias ib qho yog indisputably zoo dua lwm tus. Lawv yog ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

romanticism thiab realism nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv
romanticism thiab realism nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv

kev hlub

Romanticism raws li kev sau ntawv tau tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Yelemees hauv 18th thiab 19th centuries. Nws sai sai yeej kev hlub nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv lub voj voog ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thiab America. Romanticism tau mus txog qhov kawg ntawm thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.

Qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm romantic yog muab rau tus cwj pwm, uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm tus phab ej thiab tib neeg. Fabkis Revolution tau pab txhawb kev sib kis ntawm qhov sib txawv no. Yog li, romanticism tau dhau los ua ib qho lus teb ntawm tib neeg rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tswv yim glorifying vim li cas, science.

Cov tswv yim kev kawm zoo li no rau nws cov neeg koom nrog kev ua kom pom kev qia dub, tsis muaj siab. Tau kawg, muaj qhov tsis txaus siab zoo sib xws hauv kev xav, tab sis nws yog nyob rau hauv romanticism uas nws tau qhia meej tshaj plaws.

kev hlubtawm tsam classicism. Tam sim no cov kws sau ntawv tau muab tag nrho kev ywj pheej ntawm kev muaj tswv yim, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub moj khaum uas muaj nyob rau hauv classical tej hauj lwm. Cov lus sau tau siv los sau cov haujlwm romantic yog qhov yooj yim, nkag siab rau txhua tus neeg nyeem, tsis zoo li ornate, ua haujlwm zoo nkauj heev.

romanticism thiab realism
romanticism thiab realism

Txoj kev ntawm Romanticism

  1. Tus ua yeeb yam ntawm kev sib hlub yuav tsum yog tus cwj pwm nyuaj, ntau tus cwj pwm, ntsib txhua yam xwm txheej tshwm sim rau nws, ntse, siab, siab heev. Nov yog qhov mob siab rau, txaus siab rau qhov tsis muaj qhov kawg, lub ntiaj teb sab hauv.
  2. Hauv kev ua haujlwm romantic yeej ib txwm muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab thiab lub hauv paus passions, cov kiv cua ntawm cov qauv no tau txaus siab rau txhua qhov kev xav ntawm kev xav, lawv nrhiav kom nkag siab qhov xwm txheej ntawm lawv qhov tshwm sim. Lawv txaus siab rau lub ntiaj teb sab hauv ntawm cov cim thiab lawv cov kev paub dhau los.
  3. Cov neeg sau dab neeg tuaj yeem xaiv txhua lub sijhawm rau kev ua ntawm lawv cov tshiab. Nws yog romanticism uas qhia tag nrho lub ntiaj teb rau kab lis kev cai ntawm Nrab Hnub nyoog. Kev txaus siab hauv keeb kwm tau pab cov kws sau ntawv tsim lawv cov haujlwm tiag tiag, ua rau lub siab ntawm lub sijhawm lawv sau txog.

Realism

Realism yog ib qho kev sau ntawv uas cov kws sau ntawv tau nrhiav los cuam tshuam qhov tseeb hauv lawv cov haujlwm raws li qhov tseeb raws li qhov ua tau. Tab sis qhov no yog ib txoj hauj lwm nyuaj heev, vim hais tias lub ntsiab txhais ntawm "qhov tseeb", lub zeem muag ntawm kev muaj tiag, txawv rau txhua tus. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim hais tias nyob rau hauv kev rau siab sau tsuas yog qhov tseeb rau ib tug kws sau ntawvyuav tsum tau sau tej yam uas yuav cuam tshuam nws txoj kev ntseeg.

Tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem hais meej thaum qhov kev tshwm sim no tshwm sim, tab sis nws suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov dej ntws ntxov tshaj plaws. Nws cov yam ntxwv nyob ntawm seb lub sijhawm keeb kwm tshwj xeeb uas nws tau txiav txim siab. Yog li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov txawv yog qhov kev xav txog qhov tseeb.

romanticism thiab realism nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th nyob rau hauv Russia
romanticism thiab realism nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th nyob rau hauv Russia

Kev nkag siab

Romanticism thiab realism clashed nyob rau lub sij hawm thaum enlightenment tswv yim pib yeej nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov ntaub ntawv tau los ua ib hom kev npaj ntawm haiv neeg rau lub social-bourgeois kiv puag ncig. Tag nrho cov kev ua ntawm cov cim tau raug soj ntsuam tsuas yog los ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm qhov tsim nyog, yog li ntawd, cov cim zoo yog lub hauv paus ntawm qhov laj thawj, thiab qhov tsis zoo yog ua txhaum cov qauv ntawm tus cwj pwm, tsis muaj neeg saib xyuas, ua tsis ncaj ncees.

Lub sijhawm no ntawm kev muaj tiag, nws cov subspecies tshwm:

  • Hmong realistic novel;
  • critical realism.

Dab tsi rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm kev nyiam romantic yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub siab tsis muaj zog, cov neeg muaj peev xwm nkag siab tias yog qhov kev xav ntawm kev ua. Hloov pauv, kev ywj pheej ntawm kev txiav txim siab uas tus phab ej ntawm cov dab neeg ua raws tau raug rau txim los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm kev muaj tiag.

romanticism thiab realism nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th luv luv
romanticism thiab realism nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th luv luv

Romanticism thiab realism nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th (luv luv)

Cov lus qhia no tsis hla Russia. Romanticism thiab realism nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th nyob rau hauv Russia nkag mus rau hauv ib qho kev tawm tsam uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob peb theem:

  • kev hloov ntawm kev nyiam romantic mus rau qhov tseeb, uas tau ua haujlwm tsis tau muaj kev vam meej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv classical thiab nws qhov kev lees paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb;
  • "literary dual power" yog lub sijhawm uas kev sib koom siab thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm romanticism thiab realism muab cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab tsis muaj tsawg tus kws sau ntawv zoo, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm xav txog lub xyoo pua 19th hauv Lavxias cov ntawv nyeem "kub".

Kev tshwm sim ntawm kev nyiam romantic hauv tebchaws Russia yog vim muaj yeej hauv kev ua tsov rog xyoo 1812, uas ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam loj rau pej xeem. Ntawm chav kawm, romanticism tsis tuaj yeem pab imbued nrog cov tswv yim ntawm Decembrists txog kev ywj pheej, uas tau tsim cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb uas qhia txog lub xeev sab hauv ntawm tag nrho cov neeg Lavxias. Cov neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm romanticism yog A. S. Pushkin (cov paj huam sau nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm lyceum thiab "sab qab teb" lyrics), M. Yu. Lermontov, V. A. Zhukovsky, F. I. Tyutchev, N. A. Nekrasov (ua hauj lwm thaum ntxov).

Nyob rau hauv lub 30s, realism tau txais lub zog, thaum cov kws sau ntawv qhia qhov tseeb tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib tug elegant, to taub lus, meej thiab subtly pom tib neeg thiab kev sib raug zoo vices thiab ironically tshaj lawv. Tus tsim ntawm cov qauv no yog A. S. Pushkin ("Eugene Onegin", "Tales of Belkin"), nyob rau hauv ib tug par nrog tsis muaj tsawg txawj ntse masters ntawm tus cwj mem, xws li N. V. Gogol ("Tuag Souls"), I. S. Turgenev ("Lub Zes). Ntawm Nobles", "Txiv Txiv thiab Tub"), L. N. Tolstoy (cov hauj lwm zoo "Kev Tsov Rog thiab Kev Thaj Yeeb", "Anna Karenina"), F. M. Dostoevsky ("Kev Ua Phem thiab Kev rau txim", "Cov kwv tijKaramazov".

Romanticism thiab realism yog ntau tshaj li ntawv nyeem, lawv yog ib txoj kev xav, ib txoj kev ntawm lub neej. Ua tsaug rau cov kws sau ntawv zoo, koj tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm ntawd, poob rau hauv cov huab cua uas muaj yeej nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Lub "Golden Age" nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv muab tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no ci ntsa iab tej hauj lwm uas koj xav nyeem dua thiab dua.

Pom zoo: