Nplooj mosses, cov neeg sawv cev, cov duab thiab cov qauv ntawm cov qauv uas yuav tau tham hauv peb tsab xov xwm, yog cov nroj tsuag ntau dua. Cov kab mob thaum ub no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv peb lub ntiaj teb.
Nplooj mosses: yam ntxwv ntawm pawg txheej txheem
Cov nroj tsuag no siab tshaj. Cov no yog thawj cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw, yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov chaw tshiab no, lawv tau tsim cov cim tshiab. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, qhov no yog ib tug ntoo qauv thiab lub xub ntiag ntawm mechanical thiab conductive ntaub so ntswg. Cov yam ntxwv zoo li no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem photosynthesis. Nplooj nplooj, uas nws cov qauv yog ntau nyuaj tshaj li algae, muaj rhizoids es tsis txhob ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Qhov kev zoo no "tau txais" lawv los ntawm cov nroj tsuag qis.
Bryophyte ntau haiv neeg
Raws li qhov peculiarities ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov huab cua, mosses tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: thallus thiab nplooj. Ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm thawj ntawm lawv yog hloov tau marchantia. Cov nroj tsuag no muaj dichotomously branched thallus tsausntsuab nrog brood baskets. Leafy mosses muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej. Lawv cov piv txwv yog cuckoo flax, uas tseem hu ua lub zoo tib yam polytrich. Tag nrho cov sphagnum (dawb) mosses kuj muaj ceg tua.
Lub neej voj voog yog dab tsi
Nplooj mosses yog cov nroj tsuag txhua xyoo. Nyob rau hauv lawv lub neej muaj ib tug meej alternation ntawm tiam. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab ntawm lawv lub neej voj voog. Ob tiam neeg txawv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub sab nrauv qauv, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntawm kev yug me nyuam. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm txhua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov nroj tsuag siab dua. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv ferns, horsetails thiab qws mosses, lub sporophyte predominates nyob rau hauv lub neej voj voog, thaum nyob rau hauv mosses, kev sib deev tiam.
Gametophyte
Nplooj mosses, uas nws cov neeg sawv cev tau qhia hauv daim duab, peb tau siv los pom zoo li cov ntaub pua plag ntsuab. Qhov no yog kev sib deev tiam ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Yog tias koj saib ze dua, koj tuaj yeem pom tias nws muaj cov stems me me nrog cov nplooj me me ntawm ib hom kab. Zoo li tag nrho cov mosses, lawv txuas nrog lub substrate los ntawm rhizoids. Ntawm nplooj ntawm nplooj mosses, gametangia yog tsim, nyob rau hauv uas cov kab mob hlwb raug tsim. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm dej, lawv sib koom ua ke, tsim ib tug asexual tiam ntawm mosses - lub sporophyte.
Sporophyte
Lub cim tsis sib xws ntawm mosses tsim los ntawm gametophyte ntsuab. Nws zoo li nyias ceg ntawm lub thawv nyob. Nyob rau hauv nws, spores tsim - hlwb ntawm asexualyug me nyuam. Thaum lub capsule qhib, lawv nkag mus rau hauv av, germinate thiab rov tsim gametophyte uas dominates lub neej voj voog ntawm moss nroj tsuag. Tom ntej no, kev sib deev tiam ua ib tug zygote, uas faib los ntawm meiosis thiab cov ntaub ntawv spores. Thiab yog li ntawd lub neej voj voog rov qab ua dua. Cov sporophyte tsis muaj peev xwm noj nws tus kheej, vim nws xyaum tsis muaj chlorophyll hauv nws cov hlwb. Tias yog vim li cas nws txuas nrog nplooj-stemmed gametophyte, vim nws pub. Cov tiam no kuj txawv ntawm cov chromosome teeb. Lub sporophyte yog diploid. Tab sis kev sib deev tiam muaj ib txheej, txij li thaum cov kab mob sib koom ua ke thaum tsim cov zygote.
Nplooj mosses: chaw nyob
Mosses ib txwm nyob hauv qhov chaw ntub dej. Thiab qhov no tsis yog coincidence. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov txheej txheem ntawm fusion ntawm gametes nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag no tshwm sim tsuas yog nrog kev pab los ntawm dej. Cov hav zoov ntub dej, thaj chaw roob, qhov tsua, swamps, ntoo trunks, ru tsev, damp basements thiab chav, darkened phab ntsa ntawm tsev … Mosses tau mastered tag nrho cov chaw nyob. Cov nroj tsuag no zoo heev ntawm kev nqus thiab khaws dej. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov tsos nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso ib puag ncig qhia hais tias lub swamping ntawm ib ncig. Bryophytes hnov mob heev rau qhov txo qis ntawm cov dej noo. Nyob rau hauv nws tsis muaj, lawv tuaj yeem qhuav tawm, thaum tswj kev muaj sia nyob. Thaum cov av noo rov qab mus rau qhov qub, lawv nqus nws nrog tag nrho cov tua thiab rov mus rau qhov qub. Vim muaj peev xwm no, nplooj nplooj mosses tau yoog ntau dua rau kev hloov pauv nyob. Lawv qhov kev faib tawm thoob plaws kuj tau yooj yim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov tsiaj tsis noj lawv, tsis ua rau cov kab mob thiab cov fungi. Qhov no yog vim, ua ke nrog dej, lawv nqus cov tshuaj lom thiab cov xov tooj cua.
Meaning of mosses
Nplooj mosses, feem ntau sphagnum mosses, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm dej thiab tsim cov peat, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb roj ntxhia, chiv, raw khoom rau kev tsim cov cawv, yas, acetic acid, naphthalene, thiab cov ntaub ntawv insulating. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj no ntev heev: 1 cm ntawm peat yog tsim rau ntev li 10 xyoo. Absorbing noo noo, nplooj mosses yog regulators ntawm dej tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm cov av, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm yaig. Txawm li cas los xij, tib lub sijhawm, kev sib kis thiab kev loj hlob ntawm mosses impairs nws cov pa pauv. Yog li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag tsis tau txais oxygen, tuag tawm, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv cov lwj pib.
Yog li, nplooj nplooj ntoos yog cov neeg sawv cev coob tshaj plaws ntawm lub tuam tsev no, uas feem ntau yoog raws cov kev hloov hauv ib puag ncig. Lawv muaj peev xwm nqus dej noo nrog tag nrho saum npoo ntawm tua, tuav nws ntev. Lub neej voj voog ntawm cov nroj tsuag no yog dominated los ntawm gametophyte. Ib tiam neeg asexual tsim los ntawm nws, uas rov tsim dua nrog kev pab ntawm spores.
