Hlau yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm peb lub neej. Lawv siv hauv kev lag luam, tsim, hauv tsev, hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, kev tsim kho, thiab tshuaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, malleability yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas txiav txim siab lub peev xwm ntawm cov hlau los tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm. Nws nyob ntawm dab tsi? Nws tshwm sim li cas? Cia peb kawm.
Forgeability yog ib yam khoom ntawm hlau
Feem ntau, kev ua tau zoo yog suav tias yog nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau, vim nws nyob hauv lawv tias nws pom nws tus kheej zoo dua li lwm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no yog vim lawv cov qauv sab hauv. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lawv cov atoms tuaj yeem hloov txoj haujlwm hauv lawv cov siv lead ua lattices, kov yeej tsuas yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv me me xwb.
Yog li cas yog kev ua kom zoo? Qhov no yog lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav raug rau cov neeg kho tshuab kev ntxhov siab thiab hloov lawv cov duab yam tsis muaj kev sib tsoo lossis tawg. Nws yog ze rau plasticity thiab yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom.
Zoo li fluidity, abrasion thiab toughness, malleability yog tus yam ntxwv txheej txheem. Nrog nws, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab li cas cov hlau lossis hlau yog haum rau ib qho tshwj xeebntau hom kev cuam tshuam, thiab nyob rau thaj tsam twg lawv tuaj yeem siv tau. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, malleability yog xav tau thaum tsim cov ntaub ntawv nrog lub siab los yog siv lub zog loj, piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm forging, stamping, nias, dov.
Nws nyob ntawm dab tsi?
Forgeability yog nyob ntawm qhov degree, ceev, uniformity ntawm deformation, nrog rau qhov kub ntawm qhov nws tshwm sim. Lub ntsiab yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau malleability yog qhov xwm ntawm cov hlau thiab alloys lawv tus kheej, lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg, purity, internal qauv thiab thermal conductivity.
Cov hlau uas tuaj yeem ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog tooj liab, kub thiab nyiaj. Cov cuab yeej no tseem muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm titanium, tin, tooj dag, magnesium, bronze thiab aluminium alloys. Hlau tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo, tab sis cov pa roj carbon impurities ua rau nws nyuaj. Yog li ntawd, qhov ntau ntawm lawv, nws yog plastics tsawg. Tib yam tuaj yeem hais rau chrome. Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab, nws muaj zoo malleability, tab sis ua nkig los ntawm impurities ntawm hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon los yog oxygen.
