Nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv, rudimentary yog ib tug neeg uas tau los ntawm yav dhau los, sawv los ntawm oblivion. Lo lus "rudiment" nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus uas tsis yog lom neeg txhais tau hais tias ib tug relic ntawm ib tug tshwm sim uas tau ploj mus ntev lawm.
Lo lus hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb
Rudimentary yog ib qho lus siv hauv biology thiab tshuaj los piav txog lub cev lossis lub cev uas tau ploj nws lub ntsiab lus qub. Lub luag haujlwm ua los ntawm lub cev no tsis tseem ceeb nyob rau theem tam sim no ntawm keeb kwm kev loj hlob ntawm hom, thiab nws yog ze rau kev ploj tuag.
Kev ntes yog qhov tsis tshua muaj peev xwm hais kom paub tseeb tias nws yog lub cev los yog tsis yog. Tom qab tag nrho, lub morphology ntawm ib lub cev, txawm hais tias nws tsuas yog teem los yog me me nyob rau hauv loj, tsis qhia nws kev loj hlob los yog rudimentary xwm.
Qee yam ntawm kev siv lub sijhawm
Nyob hauv Fab Kis qhov chaw tshawb fawb, cov lus qhia no pom nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm "tsim", uas yog, rudimentary, tab sis nrog kev cia siab ntawm kev loj hlob, tsis yog kev ploj tuag. Nyob rau hauv lem, lub ntsiab lus zoo sib xws yog pauv mus rau cov kabmob uas tshwm sim hauv phylogenesis (hauvCov ntaub ntawv Askiv thiab Asmeskas), uas txhais tau hais tias muaj rudimentary yog nascent, as opposed to the generally lees txais lub ntsiab lus.
Rudiments nyob rau hauv tib neeg
Ib txhia formations thiab organ nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm evolutionary txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj poob lawv lub luag hauj lwm, nws ua tsis tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lub hloov tej yam kev mob ntawm lub neej.
Tab sis koj tsis tuaj yeem hais tias lub cev vestigial tau dhau los ua tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis, lawv tau hloov pauv lawv txoj haujlwm. Saib cov lus piv txwv.
| Raudiment | Former function | Modern function |
| Coccyx | kev sib koom tes | Txhim kho cov leeg thiab ligaments, kev faib khoom kom raug ntawm lub plab pelvic girdle |
| Daim ntawv txuas ntxiv | Kev zom cov nroj tsuag fiber ntau los ntawm cov zaub mov nyoos | Kev tsim tawm chaw rau cov kab mob symbiotic, tsim cov tshuaj hormones, vitamin K |
| lub cev plaub hau | Lub cev sov, tiv thaiv tawv nqaij | Kev koom tes hauv thermoregulation, tiv thaiv cov ntaub qhwv pob khaus hauv qhov chaw uas cov qog hws sib sau (armpits, inguinal folds) |
| Txoj Kev Txawj Ntse | Sib tsoo coarse unprocessed food | Hloov cov molars loj thaum poob |
| Epiphysis | Xav tias yog qhov seem ntawm cov qauv ntawm qhov pompath | Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tswj lub cev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog |
Ntawm qhov tod tes, pob ntseg pob ntseg lossis epicanthal quav tam sim no tsis ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Rudiments thiab atavisms
Ob lub ntsiab lus no tau pom los ua pov thawj ntawm kev hloov pauv. Lawv feem ntau tsis meej pem, vim hais tias cov no yog, qhov tseeb, txawv facets ntawm tib phenomena. Cov rudiments, raws li tau hais los saum toj no, yog underdeveloped los yog nyob rau hauv lawv cov me nyuam mos, tab sis yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua tus neeg ntawm hom. Atavisms, ntawm qhov tod tes, tsis tshua muaj thiab sawv cev rau cov rudiment uas tau tsim mus rau tag nrho (tail, ntsej muag plaub hau hauv tib neeg).
