Cov lus Lavxias yog qhov nthuav dav heev vim muaj ntau tus prepositions. Tau kawg nws yog. Tab sis txawm tias qhov kev pabcuam no ntawm kev hais lus feem ntau tsa ntau cov lus nug, uas nyuaj dua qhov koj xav txog lawv. Cia peb xav tias: peb puas xav tau lub cim ua ntej "ua tsaug" hauv thawj kab lus? Los yog tej zaum nws tsim nyog hais txog lo lus no nrog commas ntawm ob sab? Nws yuav zoo heev. Txoj hauj lwm tsis yooj yim li nws zoo li.
Greek tracing paper
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "ua tsaug" yog pob tshab thiab txhua tus neeg hais lus Lavxias tuaj yeem piav qhia tau yooj yim. "Muab qhov zoo" - ob lo lus zoo nkauj Slavic sib sau ua ke rau hauv ib qho vim siv ntau zaus. Lo lus tsim lub peev xwm ntawm lo lus kuj tau nthuav tawm tag nrho: ntawm no yog lub npe "kev ris txiaj", thiab cov lus qhia "kev ua tsaug", thiab cov lus qhia sib xws. Peb yuav daws qhov kev koom tes tom qab.
Hnub no peb txhais tau hais tias ua tsaug rau qhov hais lus lossis khoom plig rau ib tus neeg rau kev pabcuam. Rau qhov zoo, peb xav muab qhov zoo rov qab. Hauv Orthodox kev lig kev cai, kev muab khoom plig yog hu ua Eucharist, los ntawm Greek eucharistein. Tib lub sijhawm, eu txhais tau tias "zoo", thiab charistein txhais tau tias "muab", "muab". Txoj kev kawm Greek tau hloov pauv mus rau cov lus Lavxias nkaus xwb, tsuas yog cov lus tau siv rau qhov no, thiab tsis tau txais qiv - piv txwv zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tracing.
Dual nature
Zoo li ntau hom lus hauv ntiaj teb no, muaj zog thiab muaj zog, txawm tias muaj cov lus nplua nuj, muaj ntau lo lus sib koom ua ke ntawm kev sau ntawv lossis kev hais lus. Cov lus no hu ua homonyms. Cia peb piv "kuv lub tsev" thiab "kuv cov tais diav". Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, "kuv" yog ib tug possessive pronoun, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob rooj plaub, ib tug verb nyob rau hauv lub imperative mus ob peb vas. Tib txoj kev qhia lawv sib nrug yog los ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Cov xwm txheej zoo li "qhov ncauj qis" - "qhov ncauj dav", "thaum lub xyoo" - "thaum dej" yog hu ua homoforms. Ntawm no tsuas yog ib lo lus nkaus xwb los yog ib feem coincides nrog rau lwm qhov ntawm kev hais lus.
Lo lus "ua tsaug" tuaj yeem hu ua homoform, nyob ntawm nws lub ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus. Thiab tseem, ntau lo lus "ua tsaug" yog cais los ntawm commas los yog tsis? Nws nyob ntawm seb ib feem ntawm kev hais lus nws txiav txim siab los ua hauv ib kab lus tshwj xeeb. Cia peb nyob ntawm ob qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv lo lus no thiab nrhiav seb qhov "ua tsaug" yog ua ntej los ntawm comma, thiab qhov twg tsis yog.
Gerential participle
Ib daim ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov lus qhia "ua tsaug" qhia txog kev ua nrog uas muaj qhov thib obtus nqi. Cia peb ua piv txwv li no.
Cov menyuam yaus khiav mus rau theem nrog paj, ua tsaug rau cov xibfwb nyiam, ua rau txhua tus zoo siab.
Tus kwv tau khiav tawm mus rau qhov tseem ceeb. Lub adverbial turnover piav qhia tias yog vim li cas cov menyuam yaus khiav mus rau theem thiab lawv tau ua dab tsi tib lub sijhawm. Yog li, hauv kab lus, nws ua haujlwm ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub hom phiaj thiab kev ua nrog.
Ib qho tseem ceeb heev: qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov xib fwb ntawm no yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv accusative, vim hais tias nws yog lawv ua tsaug. Nov yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev koom tes.
Vim tias txhua qhov kev hloov pauv lus hauv Lavxias tau cim nrog commas, qhov kev hloov pauv no "ua tsaug" rau commas, tau kawg, txais tos. Yog tias koj nkag siab los ntawm cov ntsiab lus hais tias ib tus neeg ua tsaug rau ib yam dab tsi, xav tias dawb cais qhov kev hloov pauv no nrog cov ntawv cim, ua tsaug rau tus sau tsab xov xwm no.
preposition
Kev ua zoo tau dhau los ua ib txwm muaj rau ib tus neeg uas maj mam lo lus no nthuav dav nws txoj kev cuam tshuam rau cov khoom tsis muaj sia uas nws tsis tuaj yeem hais "ua tsaug". Lub preposition "ua tsaug" yog ruaj khov nyob rau hauv kev hais lus, kev sau xov xwm thiab txawm tias kev lag luam ua lag luam.
Ua tsaug rau koj pab neeg ua haujlwm, peb tau ua tiav qhov haujlwm nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv lub tuam txhab keeb kwm.
Tam sim tawm tsam yog qhov tseeb tias lawv ua tsis yog ib tus neeg, tab sis ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho pab pawg. Lo lus "ua hauj lwm" yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv dative, txij li tag nrho cov ua tsaug rau nws. Qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm preposition "ua tsaug". Lub comma tsis suav nrog hauv qhov no. Cia peb mus.
Yog tias koj muaj lus tsis txaus siab txog lo lus tsis txaus ntseeg "ua tsaug" - txawm tias xav tau ib qho comma lossis tsis - sim hloov nws nrog preposition "vim ntawm". Nws muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo, tab sis feem ntau tib lub ntsiab lus raws li peb lub cim tseem ceeb. Yog hais tias lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus tag nrho tsis hloov, koj tsis tas yuav muab tus lej cim.
Vim koj pab neeg ua haujlwm, peb tau tswj hwm qhov haujlwm nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv lub tuam txhab keeb kwm.
Tau kawg, qhov preposition "vim" yuav tsim nyog rau kev thuam, tab sis nws ua nws lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev txheeb xyuas tau zoo.
Cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws
Yog tias peb xav txog "ua tsaug" raws li qhov preposition, nws pom tseeb tias nws tsis yog thawj zaug, uas yog, nws tau muab los ntawm lwm qhov ntawm kev hais lus (kab mob). Lavxias teb sab lus yog replete nrog prepositions ntawm hom no. Lawv tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim (txawm tias, vim li ntawd, tsis sib xws, raws li) lossis sib xyaw (thaum lub sijhawm, txuas nrog, txhawm rau zam). Nrog qee qhov ntawm lawv, ntau qhov teeb meem tsis sib haum xeeb yuav tshwm sim.
Yog ib nqe lus uas tsis muaj comma ua tsis meej, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog.
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob nkag siab yuam kev ntawm cov khoom los ntawm tus thawj coj, hloov pauv rau qhov kev txiav txim. - Kom tsis txhob nkag siab yuam kev ntawm cov khoom, hloov pauv rau qhov kev txiav txim director.
Nws tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab seb tus thawj coj lossis nws tus neeg ua haujlwm puas tau hloov pauv.
Kuj cais los ntawm commas hauv nruab nrab ntawm kab lus.
Peb tus neeg ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws, vim kev xav tau ntau lawm, raug yuam kom ua haujlwm hmo ntuj.
BHauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, commas yuav tsum raug tshem tawm.
Vim qhov xav tau ntau lawm, peb tus neeg ua haujlwm sab saum toj raug yuam kom ua haujlwm hmo ntuj.
Ntawm teb chaws ua tsaug
Nws yuav txawv heev yog tias lwm yam lus tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog siv tau zoo li no. Lub preposition "ua tsaug" nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm lawv kuj yog theem nrab. Lus Askiv turnover ua tsaug los ntawm cov lus qhia ua tsaug - "ua tsaug", nws tsis yog cais los ntawm commas. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov kev hloov pauv feem ntau yog siv nrog cov lus hais ntawm tus kheej, uas yog, kev ris txiaj yog qhia rau ib tus neeg tshwj xeeb.
Ua tsaug rau koj peb tau ua haujlwm raws sijhawm. - Ua tsaug rau koj, peb tau ua haujlwm raws sijhawm.
German preposition dank yog ntau yam zoo li peb "ua tsaug" thiab tsis tas yuav tsum muaj comma tom qab nws ib yam. Lub npe tom qab nws yuav yog nyob rau hauv genitive los yog dative rooj plaub.
Dank seinem Fleiße taudete er das Projekt. - Ua tsaug rau nws kev mob siab rau, nws ua tiav qhov project no.
Finnish version los ntawm lub npe ansio - "kev ua zoo, nqi zog". Nws xav paub tias nws tsis yog ua ntej lub npe, tab sis tom qab nws.
Teidän ansiostanne Jack Sparrow pääsi vapaaksi. - Ua tsaug rau koj qhov kev siv zog, Jack Sparrow pub dawb.
Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws tshwm sim hauv Turkish, qhov twg sayende nyob rau hauv postposition.
Senin sayende. - Ua tsaug rau koj.
twv lossis tsis twv
Yog li, tom qab qhov kev hloov pauv nrog "ua tsaug", yuav xav tau lub cim cim tshwj xeeb yog tias qhov no tsis yog qhov preposition, tab sis lub gerund. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub tswv yimFeem ntau, tsis tas yuav cais qhov kev hloov pauv nrog commas.
Txawm li cas los xij, qee tus kws sau ntawv yuav pom tias nws tsim nyog los sau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb uas yuav pab tau cov neeg nyeem nkag siab zoo txog kev xav thiab lub paj hlwb ntawm txoj haujlwm. Cov lus Lavxias, txawm hais tias nruj, muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qee qhov kev ywj pheej ntawm cov cim. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob xav tsis thoob yog tias hauv qee phau ntawv niaj hnub koj pom tias ob qho tib si ua ntej thiab tom qab "ua tsaug" yog ib qho comma.
