Cov tub rog Don Cossack tau nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm Don Cossack Thaj Chaw. Niaj hnub no, Rostov, Volgograd, Lugansk, Voronezh cheeb tsam thiab Kalmykia yog nyob rau hauv cov av no. Txawm hais tias Rostov tau txuas ntxiv ntawm no kawg, feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov pej xeem thiab keeb kwm ntawm thaj av tau khaws cia hauv nws cov tsev cia puav pheej thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim ntawm Don Cossacks
Hnub ntawm kev tsim tawm ntawm Don Cossacks yog suav tias yog lub sijhawm ntawm kev tso tawm thawj qhov kev sau ntawv, uas tau muaj sia nyob mus txog hnub no. Peb tab tom tham txog tsab ntawv ntawm Ivan qhov txaus ntshai, uas nws nug tus ataman Mikhail Cherkashenin rau kev mloog lus ntawm tus Ambassador ntawm Tsar Novosiltsev, uas yog xa nws mus rau Tsargrad. Nws txoj kev hla lub Don. Rau qhov no, cov tub ceev xwm tau cog lus tias yuav nyiam Cossacks. Hnub tim charter yog Lub Ib Hlis 3, 1570. Txawm hais tias nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias Cossack Union, Cheeb Tsam ntawm Don Cossacks tau tsim ua ntej. Vim tsis li ntawd, vajntxwv yeej tsis muaj leejtwg tig los.
Tab sis cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias txij li lub sijhawm ntawd Don Cossacks tau saib xyuas thaj tsam yav qab teb ntawm lub nceeg vaj. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, nws nyobthaj chaw nrog ciam teb nrog tag nrho ntev txog 800 kilometers. Nws nyob ntawm ntug dej ntawm Don thiab nws cov tributaries. Thiab tom qab lwm xyoo pua, lub Cossacks ntawm lub Don Cossacks yog lub ntsiab tub rog rog uas tawm tsam cov Turkish thiab Polish invaders. Rau lawv cov kev pab lawv tau txais nyiaj, hmoov phom, txhuas, ntaub thiab mov.
Kev ywj pheej thiab kev tswj hwm tus kheej
Cov Don Cossacks maj mam muab faib ua ob pawg: kev noj qab haus huv thiab gout. Cov qub qub feem ntau yog cov laus-timers thiab nyob rau hauv cov av qis, cov tom kawg yog cov neeg nyob hauv thiab nyob rau sab saud ntawm tus dej. Mus txog rau thaum pib ntawm lub XVIII caug xyoo. thaj av ntawm thaj av Don Cossack tau muaj kev ywj pheej thiab nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tub rog lub voj voog thiab cov thawj coj raug xaiv. Ua ntej kev sib tw, kev xaiv tsa ntawm ataman, uas muaj lub zog tsis muaj kev txwv, tau tuav. Cov tub rog tau muab faib ua ntau pua thiab tsib caug, coj los ntawm centurions, Pentecostals thiab cornets. Tom qab kev tawm tsam Bulavin, Don Cossack Host tau ua haujlwm rau tub rog Collegium.
Txij li xyoo 1763, kev pabcuam Cossack tau dhau los ua qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau lub neej. Kev ua tsov ua rog ntawm cov neeg peasants ntawm 1773-1775 yog qhov kawg ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm Cossacks. Don raug ntes los ntawm tsarist pab tub rog. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov kawg ntawm lawv "tus kheej lub siab nyiam", uas txuas ntxiv mus ntev tom qab ntawd.
Tsis muaj kev ywj pheej
1769-1775 - kev tsim ntawm pab pawg Cossack ntawm St. Petersburg Legion thiab tsib puas Army ntawm Don Ataman Regiment.
1797 - lub hauv paus ntawm Don Cossack artillery. Ib xyoos tom qab ntawd, kev faib ntawm Cossacks tau tshwm sim hauvib pab tub rog ywj pheej, thiab lawv cov qib zoo li cov tub rog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov nyiaj hli ntawm Cossacks tau sib npaug rau cov nyiaj them ntawm cov qib sib xws.
Nyob rau xyoo 1798-1800, cov thawj coj ntawm Cossacks tau txais tib txoj cai raws li cov nom tswv Lavxias, thiab tau txais serfs. Cov kev tsim kho tshiab hauv qab no tau tshwm sim:
- qhia txog 30 xyoo ua tub rog;
- Definition of the tub rog kit;
- qhia txog txoj haujlwm ntawm tub rog tub rog ua tus pabcuam rau tus thawj coj tub rog, nws tus thawj coj;
- cais khaub ncaws ua tub rog thiab khaub ncaws hauv tsev txhua hnub.
Reform of 1835
Innovation ntawm 1835 muab rau txhua tus Cossack qhia hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm 30 daim av. Tab sis twb nyob rau hauv 1916, qhov luaj li cas no tau txo mus rau 11, thiab yooj yim av tsuas yog 9.8 acres ntawm av. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov tsev neeg Cossack raug yuam kom xauj tawm cov nyiaj faib no txhawm rau them nuj nqis rau cov khoom siv tub rog. Lub sijhawm ntawd tsuas yog ib feem tsib ntawm cov liaj teb tau vam meej.
Tom qab kev hloov kho xyoo 1835, tag nrho cov Cossacks tau muab faib ua tub rog thiab pej xeem. Thaj chaw ntawm Don Cossacks xav tau cov kev hloov pauv hauv qab no:
- rearmament;
- section ntawm tub rog thaj chaw;
- kev ua tub rog ntawm cov txiv neej ntawm 18 txog 43;
- txwv tsis pub muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov tub rog ntawm cov neeg txawv tebchaws;
- tig lub Cossacks mus rau hauv lub vaj tsev kaw nrog lub neej ntawm nws;
- pom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tub rog tshiab.
Nqe Lus Qhia Cov Tub RogDonskoy
Xyoo 1874, kev pom zoo los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tshiab ntawm kev tswj hwm sab hauv tau tshwm sim. Nws muaj ib tug tub rog lub hauv paus chaw ua hauj lwm, kev tswj ntawm ib tug tub rog department thiab artillery. 1875 - kev taw qhia ntawm lub npe nom tswv ntawm cheeb tsam Don Cossack. Nyob rau tib lub xyoo, lub sijhawm ua tub rog raug txo kom 20 xyoo.
Thaum lub sijhawm kav tebchaws Alexander III, Don Cossack Oblast (Donetsk District) tau txuas ntxiv mus rau lub nroog tswj hwm ntawm Taganrog thiab Rostov Uyezd. Lawv tsim cov koog tsev kawm ntawv tshiab. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, cov hauj lwm ntawm Chieftains ntawm departments raug tshem tawm.
Lub Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1917 tau pab tsim tsa tsoomfwv cov tub rog. Ataman AM Kaledin tau los ua nws lub taub hau. Nws tawm tsam qhov sawv ntawm Soviets. Nyob rau hauv 1918, lub tsim ntawm lub Don Soviet koom pheej coj qhov chaw, qhov twg anti-Soviet uprisings tas li tsoo tawm. Xyoo 1920, cov tub rog Don Cossack tau tso tseg thiab tau rov qab los tsuas yog hauv 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum.
