Volyn cheeb tsam (daim duab qhia chaw ntawm Ukraine nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no qhia nws qhov chaw) nyob rau sab qaum teb hnub poob ntawm Ukraine, nyob rau hauv lub Polesie cheeb tsam. Nws sab qaum teb ciam teb rau Belarus (cheeb tsam Brest), sab hnub tuaj - ntawm thaj av Rivne, sab qab teb - nyob rau thaj tsam Lvov, thiab sab hnub poob - ntawm Poland.
Volyn yog qhov chaw keeb kwm, ntawm no los ntawm lub sijhawm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua yeeb yam hauv keeb kwm ntawm Russia, qee zaum kev nyuaj siab thiab nyuaj, tau ua tiav. Xws li txoj hmoo tshwm sim ntawm thaj av tuaj yeem tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau nws cov tsos sab nraud, tawm hauv daim ntawv ntawm architectural thiab keeb kwm sights, uas muaj ntau tshaj yim puas nyob rau hauv Volyn.
Txiv thiab huab cua
Tsev teb yog feem ntau tiaj tus. Feem ntau ntawm cov cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub Polesskaya lowland, thiab ib tug me me - yav qab teb ib - yog nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm lub Volyn Upland, uas tawg mus rau sab qaum teb nrog ib tug ledge ntawm 20-60 meters. Volyn cheeb tsam yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm temperate continental kev nyab xeeb. Lub caij ntuj no yog me me, lub caij ntuj sov sov. Qhov nruab nrab kub nyob rau lub Ib Hlis yog rho tawm 4.5 degrees Celsius, thaum Lub Xya Hli - ntxiv rau 18.6 degrees. Cov dej nag poob 550-600 mm ib xyoos. Tus dej Pripyat ntws nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm cheeb tsam. Txoj cai tributaries ntawm cov hlab ntsha dej no (Turya, Styr thiab Stokhod) hla thaj av ntawm sab qab teb mus rau sab qaum teb. Lwm tus dej ntws raws ciam teb nrog Poland - Sab Hnub Poob Kab. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, ntau tshaj 130 tus dej ntws los ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub cheeb tsam, lawv tag nrho ntev yog ntau tshaj peb txhiab kilometers. Tag nrho cov hlab ntsha dej muaj nyob rau hauv lub phiab ntawm Western Bug thiab Dnieper. Feem ntau ntawm cov reservoirs tuaj sab nraud nws thaj chaw. Daim duab qhia chaw ntawm thaj av Volyn (Ukraine) yog cov duab ntawm cov dej ntws thiab cov kwj deg.
geography
Cov av ntawm hav zoov-steppe ntawm thaj av Volyn yog podzolized grey thiab tsaus grey, nrog rau chernozems. Polissya ib feem yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm sod-podzolic, nrog rau ntau yam bog (xws li peat) sawv daws yuav. Txoj kab nruab nrab yog sod-podzolic thiab humus-carbonate (feem ntau fertile). Lub cheeb tsam Volyn tau muab faib ua peb thaj tsam - hav zoov-steppe, South Polesye thiab North Polesye. Thawj ob yog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Volyn-Podolsk Upland. Severopolesskaya nyob ntau dua 75 feem pua ntawm cov cheeb tsam cheeb tsam. Lub peculiarity ntawm cheeb tsam no yog ib tug ca lowland npog nrog swamps thiab hav zoov. Volyn muaj cov khoom loj ntawm cov khoom siv ntxhia - thee, carbonate pob zeb, peat, natural gas, sapropel, tab sis feem ntau ntawm lawv tsis muaj nqi lag luam.
Volyn cheeb tsam: koog tsev kawm ntawv
cheeb tsam tau muab faib ua kaum rauCov cheeb tsam tswj hwm: Vladimir-Volynsky, Gorokhovsky, Ivanichevsky, Kivertsovsky, Kovelsky, Kamen-Kashirsky, Lokachinsky, Lutsky, Lyubeshovsky, Lyubomlsky, Manevichsky, Ratnovsky, Rozhishchensky, Starovyzhevsky, Turiysky thiab Shatsky. Hauv tag nrho, muaj 1,087 qhov chaw nyob ntawm nws thaj chaw, ntawm 1,054 yog nyob deb nroog, 33 yog nroog, suav nrog 22 lub nroog-hom chaw nyob thiab 11 lub nroog. Volyn cheeb tsam (Lutsk - lub chaw tswj hwm) muaj plaub lub nroog ntawm lub regional tseem ceeb (Lutsk, Kovel, Volodymyr-Volynsky, Novovolynsk) thiab xya lub zos ntawm lub regional tseem ceeb (Gorokhov, Berestechko, Kamen-Kashyrsky, Lyuboml, Kivertsy, Ustilug thiab Rozhische).
kev lag luam
Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm thaj av tshwj xeeb yog kev ua liaj ua teb, kev thauj mus los thiab kev lag luam (tsuas yog zaub mov). Kev lag luam ua lag luam yog kev lag luam agro-industrial sector, uas muab ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov khoom. Yog li, kev ua liaj ua teb tau kawm txog kev tshwj xeeb hauv kev yug tsiaj ntawm cov nqaij thiab cov khoom noj siv mis, ntxiv rau, rau kev tsim cov qab zib beet, qos yaj ywm, nplej thiab zaub. 167 lub tuam txhab tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam. Cov kev lag luam tseem ceeb yog khoom noj, roj, tshuaj lom neeg thiab tshuab engineering. Cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv cheeb tsam Volyn tsim cov kabmob, cov ntsuas dej, tswj cov cuab yeej, tshuab rau fodder ntau lawm thiab tsiaj ua liaj ua teb, cov khoom yas, linoleum, cov khoom siv vov tsev, ntaub, cib, rooj tog, cov khoom noj hauv kaus poom, pasta, hnyuv ntxwm, khoom qab zib thiab vodka thiab ntau yam. ntau. Private sector muaj yuav luag plaub txhiab lub lag luam me thiabpeb caug txhiab tus neeg ua lag luam. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, ib feem kaum ntawm cov neeg muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm ntawm cheeb tsam Volyn tau ua haujlwm. Cov lag luam me hauv cheeb tsam tsim yuav luag kaum feem pua ntawm cov khoom, muab ib feem tsib ntawm cov nyiaj tau los ntawm txhua theem.
Kev lag luam
Cov khoom siv raw ntawm Volyn yog sawv cev los ntawm cov zaub mov hauv qab no: cov nkev roj, thee, phosphorite, tooj liab, lub tsev chalk, lub tsev pob zeb, helium, sapropel. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntawm no kuv muab cov ntaub ntawv cib thiab pobzeb raw cov ntaub ntawv, peat, iav thiab tsev xuab zeb, cement raw cov ntaub ntawv. Kev lag luam zaub mov ntawm cheeb tsam yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau tshaj li tsib caug lub lag luam, lub flagships ntawm no kev lag luam yog Vladimir-Volynsky, Gorokhovsky, Gvidavsky qab zib factories. Lub tshuab-tsev complex yog coj los ntawm LLC "Lutsk Bearing Plant" - lub chaw lag luam ntawm Volyn cheeb tsam. Nws muaj monopoly ntawm kev tsim cov koob thiab tapered bearings. Lwm lub tshuab tsim tshwj xeeb yog JSC "Elektrotermometriya", nws tsim ntau tshaj yim caum feem pua ntawm ntau lub txee hauv Ukraine. Ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev, ib tus tuaj yeem sau tau Lutsk Cardboard thiab Roofing Material Plant.
Agriculture
Volyn cheeb tsam paub txog nws cov khoom noj mis nyuj thiab nqaij tsiaj txhu thiab qoob loo ntau lawm (qab zib beet, nplej, flax, qos yaj ywm). Cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tuav kev lag luam nrog ntau lub teb chaws ntawm CIS, Western thiab Eastern Europe. Cov khoom nram qab no yog tsim rau export: mis hmoov,qab zib, nqaij cov khoom thiab lwm yam. Raws li qhov tsis zoo, ib tus tuaj yeem nco txog qhov kev poob qis ntxiv ntawm cov tshis, yaj thiab nyuj.
Pabneeg
Tsis ntev los no, tau muaj kev nce me ntsis ntawm cov pej xeem hauv Volyn, sib piv rau lwm thaj chaw ntawm Ukraine, qhov twg txhua xyoo cov pej xeem tseem poob qis. Cov xwm txheej pej xeem hauv cheeb tsam txawv ntawm txhua tus-Ukrainian ib tus los ntawm kev yug me nyuam ntau dua thiab cov neeg tuag tsawg dua. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev poob qis hauv cov pejxeem ntawm cov neeg yug me nyuam ntau tshaj qhov kev poob qis hauv cov pejxeem.
Cov haiv neeg nyob hauv cheeb tsam yog homogeneous - 95 feem pua ntawm Ukrainians. Hauv cov nroog loj ntawm Volyn, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm Ukrainians tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm tag nrho cov naj npawb yog me ntsis txo, thiab nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam sib txawv, qee zaum nws nce mus txog 99 feem pua. Qhov feem ntawm Russians, feem ntau rau cheeb tsam, suav txog plaub feem pua. Belarusians, Czechs, Poles, Germans, Slovaks thiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm haiv neeg nyob ntawm no.
Kev ntseeg
cheeb tsam Volyn yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ntseeg tseem ceeb - Orthodox Christianity. Cov qauv kev lees paub uas yog sawv cev los ntawm kev tshaj tawm ntawm cov zej zog ntawm Ukrainian Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Moscow Patriarchate, feem ntawm Kyiv Patriarchate yog qis dua. Nws tuaj yeem raug sau tseg tias tsis muaj cov neeg ntseeg qub hauv cheeb tsam, thiab kev sib koom ua ke muaj kev faib me ntsis.
1."Volyn txuj ci tseem ceeb". Hauv cheeb tsam Manevichevsky, ze ntawm lub zos Okonsk, muaj Okonsky springs nyob rau hauv ib lub pas dej me me. Lawv yog dab tsi? Cov no yog ob qho chaw kho mob uas muaj zog heev uas ntws txhua xyoo puag ncig; lawv tsis khov txawm nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav tshaj plaws frosts. Kuj ceeb tias, cov dej kho no tsis muaj carbonated kiag li.
2. Lub pas dej karst Svityaz, nyob ze ntawm lub nroog-hom kev sib hais haum ntawm Shatsk (Volyn cheeb tsam), muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm tsib caug-plaub meters. Nws yog qhov tob tshaj plaws hauv Ukraine.
3. Nyob rau hauv lub Zimnensky Svyatogorsk Orthodox Monastery, koj tuaj yeem pom ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv. Nws suav hais tias yog ib lub tsev teev ntuj muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm lub Koom Txoos Christian, uas tau ploj mus thaum lub sij hawm Soviet era.
4. F. Kaplan yug nyob rau hauv Volyn av, uas nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj 1918 tau ua ib tug sim rau lub neej ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub ntiaj teb no proletariat, V. I. Lenin. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias, ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm Dmitry Ulyanov (Lenin tus tij laug), Kaplan raug xa mus rau Kharkov qhov muag hauv 1917, qhov chaw uas nws tau ua tiav kev ua haujlwm - nws qhov muag tau rov qab los. Thiab ib xyoos tom qab, nws tau ua phem tawm tsam.
5. Nyob rau hauv lub thib kaum tsib caug xyoo, thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm huab tais Vytautas, lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws rulers ntawm cov teb chaws Europe tau tuav ntawm no nyob rau hauv Lutsk. Lawv tham txog qhov yuav hem los ntawm Ottoman Empire.
6. Ntawm daim ntawv nyiaj ntawm 200 hryvnia ib sab ntawm Lesya Ukrainka muaj ib daim duab ntawm Lubart lub Tsev fuabtais hauv Lutsk.
7. Nyob rau hauv Kovel muaj qhov loj tshaj plaws monument rau tus kws sau paj lug Taras Grigoryevich Shevchenko. Nws qhov hnyav yog nees nkaum tons, thiab nws qhov siabntau tshaj xya meters, nws yog ntsia rau ib tug plaub-meter toj.
