Tsis zoo li Lavxias Federation, thiab lwm lub tebchaws qub ntawm USSR thiab European Union, hauv Bulgaria rau cuaj lub Tsib Hlis lawv ua kev zoo siab tsis yog Hnub Yeej, tab sis Europe Hnub, xyaum tsis hwm cov kaum tawm txhiab tus ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg uas tuag nyob rau hauv kev tawm tsam fascism nyob rau hauv lub xyoo kawg ntawm tsov rog. Kab lus no piav qhia txog kev koom tes zoo thiab tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Bulgaria hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II.
Alliance nrog Third Reich
Nws yog ib qho kev paub uas Bulgaria hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II tau txhawb nqa Nazi Reich. Kev koom tes ntawm tsoom fwv Bulgarian thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees pib nyob rau hauv lub 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Tom qab ntawd cov Germans systematically ua tub rog Bulgarian. Cov Nazis kuj tau pib rov nruab Bulgarian chaw nres nkoj ntawm Burgas thiab Varna kom haum rau lawv cov Navy. Twb tau nyob rau lub caij ntuj no ntawm 1940-1941, ib pab pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm Luftwaffe mus rau Bulgaria, lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog npaj Bulgarian airfields rau German aircraft tsaws rau lawv. Ib txhij nrog cov txheej txheem nokev tsim kho tshiab niaj hnub airfields pib. Lub sijhawm dhau los, kev pabcuam thauj tshwj xeeb tau tsim nyob rau hauv Sofia thiab 25 qhov chaw sib txuas lus thauj mus los tau tsim, uas tau raug saib xyuas los ntawm cov tub rog German, txawm hais tias lawv tau hnav khaub ncaws ntawm Bulgarian cov tub rog.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev koom tes
Thaum pib xyoo 1941, Fuhrer tau suav nrog kev ntes ntawm Yugoslavia thiab tim Nkij teb chaws, thiab txhawm rau ua raws li cov phiaj xwm no, nws tsuas yog xav kom muaj Bulgarian thaj chaw tswj hwm raws li lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav rau kev tawm tsam. Nws yog qhov tseeb hais tias niaj hnub Bulgarian historians tam sim no raws li qhov teeb meem uas tau ntsib Tsar Boris III. Nws muaj ob txoj kev xaiv: txawm hais tias lub teb chaws ua tsov rog, lossis yeem tso cai rau Nazi cov tub rog. Yog li ntawd, Bulgaria hauv Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tau dhau los ua neeg raug tsim txom ntawm txoj cai provocative ntawm Thib Peb Reich.
Bulgaria thiab Berlin Pact
Raws li koj paub, Bulgarian Tsar Boris muaj kev ywj pheej ywj pheej, yog li nws xaiv lub koom haum yeem. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1941, Bulgaria tau kos npe rau Berlin Pact, uas tseem hu ua "Berlin-Rome-Tokyo". Ib hlis tom qab, cov tub rog German tau hla lub tebchaws thiab tau tawm tsam tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Yugoslavia, thaum cov tub rog Bulgarian kuj tau koom nrog hauv kev nthuav dav. Yog li, Bulgaria tau nkag mus rau Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Rau qhov no, Hitler tau muab nqi zog rau nws nrog rau thaj tsam ntawm Macedonia, Northern Greece thiab Serbia. Lawm, qhov no yog dab neeg. Yog li, thaum kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 1941, thaj chaw ntawm Bulgarian xeev tau nce los ntawm yuav luag ib thiab ib nrab zaug, thiab Boris. III tshaj tawm cov creation ntawm "Great Bulgaria" thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm tag nrho cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev, dua fictionious. Tau kawg, tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev lag luam raug tswj los ntawm Berlin.
Ua ib tug phooj ywg ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees, Bulgaria tsis yog ua phem rau ntau lub teb chaws ntawm kev tawm tsam Hitler pawg, txawm tias muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog USSR. Yog li, lub peev ntawm Bulgarian muaj cov chaw sawv cev ntawm txhua sab ntawm kev tawm tsam, yog li Sofia tau raug hu ua "Capital of espionage" thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog xyoo.
Nkag mus ua rog
Tom qab kev tawm tsam ntawm fascist lub teb chaws Yelemees rau USSR, thaum Lub Rau Hli 22, 1941, Adolf Hitler tau hais tawm tsam kom Bulgarian Tsar xa tub rog mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm Tsov Rog. Tab sis tus neeg txawj ntse Boris, ntshai kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv zej zog, tsis kam lees cov kev xav tau. Ntawd yog, Bulgaria xyaum tsis tawm tsam Soviet Union thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Raws li txoj cai, Bulgaria tau nkag mus rau hauv kev ua phem nyob rau nruab nrab Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1941, thaum, raws li Nazi cov cai, nws tau tshaj tawm ua tsov rog ntawm Anti-Hitler pawg. Boris III tau tso cai rau cov neeg German siv tag nrho cov peev txheej nyiaj txiag hauv lub tebchaws, thiab tseem coj kev ntxub ntxaug tawm tsam cov neeg Yudais Bulgarian, uas nyob hauv lub tebchaws ntau heev. Cov kev ua no ua phem rau lawv qhov tshwm sim.
Anti-fascist resistance
Nyob rau xyoo 1941-1943, Bulgarian tawm tsam fascists thiab socialists tau nkag mus rau hauv kev tawm tsam hnyav hauv German nraub qaum, thiab teeb tsa kev tawm tsam. Xyoo 1942, Patriotic Front of Antifascist Resistance tau tsim. Thiab qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm LiabCov tub rog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj sab hnub tuaj tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev tawm tsam fascist. Xyoo 1943, Pawg Neeg Ua Haujlwm ntawm Bulgaria tau tsim ib pab tub rog tawm tsam, tus naj npawb ntawm cov uas tau loj hlob tas li, thiab thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog muaj 30,000 tus neeg tuaj koom. Bulgaria hauv Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, raws li lub xeev, yog ib tus phooj ywg ntawm Reich, tab sis ntau tus neeg Bulgarians tsis paub txog qhov kev sib koom ua phem no.
Kev sim cuam tshuam rau Bulgarian-German alliance
Thaum German Reich pib raug kev txom nyem thawj zaug ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj, Bulgarian Tsar pib sim ua txhaum kev txaj muag nrog A. Hitler, tab sis thaum Lub Yim Hli 1943, tom qab kev sib tham nrog Fuhrer, nws mam li nco dheev tuag. Lub caij no, pawg thawj coj ntawm tsoomfwv Bulgarian, uas tau txiav txim rau sawv cev ntawm tus tub ntawm Boris III - Simeon, tsuas yog pib ua raws li cov neeg nyiam German, qhia txog txoj cai "zoo nkauj" tshaj plaws rau kev tawm tsam tib neeg txoj cai.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb
Kev yeej ntawm cov tub rog Soviet ntawm Stalingrad thiab lawv cov kev tawm tsam tom ntej, uas ua rau lub teb chaws Yelemees muaj ntau cov tub rog swb, nrog rau kev foob pob ntawm Sofia los ntawm Asmeskas thiab British tub rog huab cua, ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam tsoomfwv thaum Lub Xya Hli 1944. Cov tub ceev xwm tshiab tau sim ua kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb rau thaj av Bulgarian, lawv thov kom muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb los ntawm USSR thiab cov phooj ywg. Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Yim Hli 1944, cov tub ceev xwm tshaj tawm qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm Bulgaria thiab tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv kawg rau cov tub rog German kom tawm hauv lub tebchaws. Tab sis tag nrho cov kev sim tuaj rau tsis muaj dab tsi. Lub teb chaws Yelemees tsis ua raws li kev thov, thiab kev sib haum xeeb tsis ua tiav. Tsoom fwv tshiab mustawm haujlwm. Lub Cuaj Hlis 2, 1944, tau tsim tsoomfwv tshiab, uas ua haujlwm tsuas yog ob peb hnub, vim tias cov tub rog Soviet hla ciam teb Bulgarian.
Txij li thaum Bulgaria muaj cov xwm txheej ntawm ib tus phooj ywg ntawm Thib Peb Reich thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, Soviet Union tau tshaj tawm ua tsov rog rau lub Cuaj Hlis 5, 1944, thiab twb yog lub Cuaj Hlis 8, Tub Rog Liab tau nkag mus rau hauv lub tebchaws. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog nyob rau hnub ntawd, Bulgaria tshaj tawm ua tsov rog rau Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees, thiab pom nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm hostilities ob qho tib si tawm tsam yav dhau los cov phooj ywg thiab tawm tsam cov anti-Hitler coalition. Tab sis hnub tom qab ntawd, muaj lwm txoj kev tawm tsam hauv lub tebchaws, vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm Fatherland Front tau los ua lub zog, thiab thaum kawg Lub Kaum Hli 1944 tau kos npe rau kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv Moscow.
Bulgaria kev koom tes hauv kev ua tsov rog tawm tsam lub teb chaws Yelemees
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thaum ntxov xyoo 1944, 3 pawg tub rog npaj tau tsim hauv Bulgaria, nrog rau tag nrho cov neeg muaj txog 500 txhiab tus neeg. Thawj cov tub rog sib cav sib ceg ntawm Nazis thiab Bulgarian cov tub rog nyob hauv Serbia, qhov chaw cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm German tsoomfwv tau tawm tsam Hitler, nws cov phooj ywg qub - Bulgarians.
Tsis pub dhau ib hlis, cov tub rog tuaj yeem tau txais thawj tub rog ua tiav, lawv tau nyob hauv Macedonia thiab qee thaj tsam ntawm Serbia. Tom qab thawj pab tub rog Bulgarian (kwv yees li 140 txhiab tus neeg) raug xa mus rau thaj tsam ntawm Hungary, qhov twg thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1945, nrog rau Cov Tub Rog Liab, nws tau koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze ntawm Lake Balaton, qhov chaw German tank units tau ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub txee. - ua phemaction.
Yog li, Bulgaria hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob tau ua qhov tsis sib haum xeeb thiab tos, uas ib tus tuaj yeem rau txim, tab sis kuj txhawb nqa. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg nyob hauv lub tebchaws tau teeb tsa tseem ceeb tiv thaiv fascist. Thiab Bulgaria tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tau los ua ib tus phooj ywg ntawm USSR.
