Hom lus thiab hom kev hais lus. Functional Language Styles

Cov txheej txheem:

Hom lus thiab hom kev hais lus. Functional Language Styles
Hom lus thiab hom kev hais lus. Functional Language Styles
Anonim

Styles ntawm ib hom lus yog nws ntau yam uas pab ib lossis lwm sab ntawm lub neej kev sib raug zoo. Lawv txhua tus muaj ob peb yam tsis sib xws: lub hom phiaj lossis qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv, cov ntaub ntawv uas lawv muaj nyob, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm hom lus.

Lub tswvyim nws tus kheej los ntawm Greek lo lus "stilos", uas txhais tau tias sau ntawv. Raws li kev qhuab qhia kev tshawb fawb, stylistics thaum kawg tau coj cov duab hauv lub xyoo pua nees nkaum ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum. Ntawm cov neeg uas kawm txog cov teeb meem ntawm stylistics kom meej yog M. V. Lomonosov, F. I. Buslaev, G. O. Vinokur, E. D. Polivanov. D. E. Rozental, V. V. Vinogradov, M. N. Kozhina thiab lwm tus tau mob siab rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kheej.

Tsib hom lus hais hauv Lavxias

Cov hom lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog qee yam ntawm kev hais lus nws tus kheej lossis nws cov kev sib raug zoo, cov lus tshwj xeeb thiab cov qauv sau ntawv uas sib haum rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev xav.

Hauv Lavxias, lawv ib txwm muab faib ua tsib hom:

  • kwv txhiaj;
  • kev lag luam;
  • scientific;
  • journalistic;
  • artistic.

Cov qauv thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhua qhov nyob ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau los thiab hloov pauv raws sijhawm. Ua ntejNyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, lo lus thiab phau ntawv lexicon txawv heev. Cov lus Lavxias tau dhau los ua kev sau ntawv hauv xyoo pua 18th, feem ntau ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm M. V. Lomonosov. Cov qauv niaj hnub ntawm cov lus pib zoo tib lub sijhawm.

hom lus
hom lus

Yug ntawm styles

Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm qub Lavxias teb sab muaj cov ntaub ntawv hauv pawg ntseeg, cov ntaub ntawv lag luam thiab cov ntawv sau tseg. Hais lus txhua hnub txawv ntawm lawv heev. Tib lub sijhawm, cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam muaj ntau yam sib xws. M. V. Lomonosov tau siv zog ntau los hloov qhov xwm txheej.

Nws tau tso lub hauv paus rau txoj kev xav thaum ub, hais txog qhov siab, qis thiab nruab nrab. Raws li nws, cov ntaub ntawv Lavxias teb sab lus tau tsim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm phau ntawv thiab cov lus sib txawv. Nws coj raws li lub hauv paus stylistically nruab nrab cov ntaub ntawv thiab hloov los ntawm ib tug thiab lwm yam, tso cai rau siv cov pej xeem kab lus thiab txwv tsis pub siv cov me me-paub lus Slavic lus. Ua tsaug rau M. V. Lomonosov, cov qauv ntawm cov lus uas muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau rov ua dua nrog kev tshawb fawb.

Tom qab ntawd, A. S. Pushkin tau muab lub zog rau kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm stylistics. Nws txoj haujlwm tau tso lub hauv paus ntawm kev kos duab.

Moscow xaj thiab Peter qhov kev hloov kho tau ua lub hauv paus ntawm cov lus ua lag luam. Ancient chronicles, cov lus qhuab qhia thiab kev qhia tsim lub hauv paus ntawm cov neeg sau xov xwm style. Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem, nws pib ua zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv lub XVIII caug xyoo. Txog niaj hnub no, tag nrho 5 hom lus tau tsim kom meej meej thiab muaj lawv tus kheej subspecies.

Kev sib tham-txhua hnub

Raws li lub npe cuam tshuam, qhov style nokev hais lus yog siv hauv kev sib txuas lus txhua hnub. Tsis zoo li jargon thiab dialects, nws yog raws li cov lus sau. Nws tus kheej yog cov xwm txheej uas tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg koom nrog. Hauv lub neej niaj hnub, feem ntau yog siv cov lus nruab nrab thiab cov kab lus (piv txwv li, "xiav", "nees", "sab laug"). Tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv cov lus nrog cov xim sib xws (" chav xauv khoom ", "tsis muaj sijhawm").

ua haujlwm hom lus
ua haujlwm hom lus

Inside the colloquial, there are three subspecies: everyday-everyday, everyday-business, and epistolary. Cov tom kawg suav nrog kev sau ntawv ntiag tug. Colloquial thiab kev lag luam - qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib txuas lus hauv kev teeb tsa. Cov lus sib tham thiab kev lag luam ua lag luam ntawm cov lus (ib zaj lus qhia lossis kev qhuab qhia tuaj yeem ua lwm yam piv txwv) hauv ib qho kev txiav txim siab faib cov subspecies ntawm lawv tus kheej, vim nws tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi ob qho tib si nyob ntawd thiab nyob ntawd.

kev sib txuas lus tsis raug cai tso cai rau cov neeg paub, nyiam thiab txo cov kab lus, nrog rau cov lus nrog cov ntsiab lus ntsuas (piv txwv li, "tsev", "bunny", "boast"). Cov lus sib tham thiab niaj hnub tuaj yeem ua kom pom tseeb thiab pom zoo vim yog siv cov kab lus thiab cov lus uas muaj kev xav zoo siab ("sib ntaus nyiaj", "ze", "me nyuam", "txoj kev ntseeg", "daim tiab").

Ntau cov ntawv luv tau siv dav - "ua tsis tiav", "lub tsheb thauj neeg mob", "cov mis nyuj khov". Cov lus hais yog yooj yim dua li bookish - kev siv cov neeg koom nrog thiab cov gerunds, ntau cov kab lus nyuaj yog qhov tsis tsim nyog. Feem ntau, qhov style no sib raug rau cov ntawv nyeem, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv.

Science style

Nws, zoo li lub lag luam, yog heevnruj nyob rau hauv kev xaiv ntawm cov lus thiab kab lus, sharply narrows lub Scope ntawm dab tsi yog permissible. Txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov lus Lavxias tsis tso cai rau cov lus hais, jargon, cov lus hais, cov lus nrog lub siab lub ntsws. Pab kev tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam.

artistic duab style lus
artistic duab style lus

Vim lub hom phiaj ntawm cov ntawv tshawb fawb yog los nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, cov ntsiab lus tseeb, qhov no tso cov kev xav tau rau lawv cov ntsiab lus thiab cov lus siv. Raws li txoj cai, qhov ua ntu zus ntawm kev nthuav qhia yog raws li hauv qab no:

  • kev taw qhia - teeb tsa txoj haujlwm, lub hom phiaj, nqe lus nug;
  • qhov tseem ceeb yog kev tshawb nrhiav thiab suav sau cov lus teb xaiv, kos cov kev xav, pov thawj;
  • xaus - cov lus teb rau lo lus nug, kev ua tiav ntawm lub hom phiaj.

Ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv hom no yog tsim los tsis tu ncua thiab muaj laj thawj, nws nthuav tawm ob hom ntaub ntawv: qhov tseeb, thiab seb tus neeg sau teeb tsa lawv li cas.

Cov qauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov lus ua rau kev siv ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus, prefixes anti-, bi-, quasi-, super-, suffixes -awn, -ism, -ne-e (antibodies, bipolar, supernova, sedentary, symbolism, cloning). Ntxiv mus, cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj nyob ntawm lawv tus kheej - lawv tsim ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab cov tshuab: los ntawm qhov dav mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb, los ntawm tag nrho mus rau ib feem, genus / hom, tus kheej / tawm tsam, thiab lwm yam.

Cov qauv yuav tsum tau ua rau cov ntawv nyeem no yog qhov tseeb thiab qhov tseeb. Lub hom phiaj tsis suav nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub siab lub ntsws, cov lus exclamations, kos duab tig ntawm kev hais lus, ntawm no nws tsis tsim nyog los qhia ib zaj dab neeg hauv thawj tus neeg. Precision feem ntau txuam nrog cov ntsiab lus. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, ib tug tuaj yeem hais ib qho excerpt los ntawm phau ntawv los ntawm Anatoly Fomenko "Txoj Kevkev txheeb xyuas lej ntawm cov ntawv keeb kwm."

hom lus thiab hom kev hais lus
hom lus thiab hom kev hais lus

Tam sim no, qib ntawm "kev nyuaj" ntawm cov ntawv tshawb fawb feem ntau nyob ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib lub hom phiaj thiab lub hom phiaj - leej twg raws nraim txoj haujlwm yog npaj rau, kev paub ntau npaum li cas cov neeg no yuav tsum muaj, txawm tias lawv tuaj yeem ua tau. nkag siab qhov tau hais. Nws yog tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug kev tshwm sim raws li ib tug tsev kawm ntawv zaj lus qhia ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus, tej yam yooj yim style ntawm kev hais lus thiab kev hais lus yog xav tau, thiab complex scientific terminology kuj tsim nyog rau ib tug kev qhuab qhia rau cov tub ntxhais kawm laus ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv.

Tau kawg, lwm yam tseem ceeb kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb - lub ntsiab lus (hauv kev tshawb fawb, hom lus yog nruj dua thiab tswj hwm ntau dua li hauv tib neeg), ib hom ntawv.

Nrog rau cov qauv no, muaj cov kev cai nruj rau kev tsim cov ntawv sau ua haujlwm: tus neeg sib tw thiab tus kws kho mob cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, cov ntawv sau, cov lus piav qhia, cov ntawv teev lus.

Substyles thiab nuances ntawm kev hais lus

Ntxiv rau qhov kev tshawb fawb tiag tiag, kuj tseem muaj kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kawm thiab cov kev tshawb fawb nrov. Txhua tus yog siv rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb thiab rau cov neeg tuaj saib tshwj xeeb. Cov hom lus no yog cov piv txwv sib txawv, tab sis tib lub sij hawm zoo sib xws outwardly kev sib txuas lus kwj.

Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kawm sub-style yog ib hom kev sib tw ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb uas cov ntawv sau tau sau rau cov uas nyuam qhuav pib kawm ib qho tshiab. Cov neeg sawv cev - cov ntawv nyeem rau cov tsev kawm qib siab, tsev kawm qib siab, tsev kawm ntawv (high school), ib feem ntawm cov kev qhia, lwm yam ntaub ntawv tsim rau cov neeg pib tshiab (hauv qab no yog ib qho excerpt los ntawm phau ntawv kawm txog kev puas siab ntsws rau cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab: tus sau Slastenin V., Isaev I. li al., "Pedagogy. Phau Ntawv Qhia ").

5 yamLavxias teb sab lus
5 yamLavxias teb sab lus

Cov ntawv tsis tseeb yog qhov yooj yim nkag siab dua li ob qho ntxiv. Nws lub hom phiaj yog los piav qhia qhov tseeb thiab cov txheej txheem nyuaj rau cov neeg tuaj saib ua lus yooj yim thiab nkag siab. Ntau yam encyclopedias "101 qhov tseeb txog …" tau sau los ntawm nws.

kev lag luam

Ntawm 5 hom lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab, qhov no yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Nws yog siv los sib txuas lus ntawm lub xeev, thiab cov koom haum nrog ib leeg thiab nrog pej xeem. Nws yog ib qho kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov pej xeem hauv kev tsim khoom, hauv cov koom haum, hauv kev pabcuam, nyob rau hauv qhov txwv ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm.

hom lus piv txwv
hom lus piv txwv

Kev lag luam ua lag luam yog cais raws li phau ntawv sau, nws yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv ntawm kev cai lij choj, xaj, xaj, ntawv cog lus, kev ua, lub hwj chim ntawm kws lij choj thiab cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws. Daim ntawv hais lus yog siv rau hauv kev hais lus, lus ceeb toom, kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm kev ua hauj lwm kev sib raug zoo.

Kev Lag Luam Style Cheebtsam

Muaj ntau yam sub-styles hauv qeb:

  • Txoj cai lij choj. Nws yog siv los hais lus thiab sau ntawv, hauv kev cai lij choj, kev tswj hwm, kev daws teeb meem, cov lus qhia, cov ntawv piav qhia, cov lus pom zoo, nrog rau cov lus qhia, kab lus los ntawm kab lus thiab cov lus hais txog kev ua haujlwm. Hais lus tau hnov thaum lub rooj sib tham hauv parliamentary thiab thov rov hais dua.
  • Jurisdictional - muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv hais lus thiab sau ntawv, yog siv rau indictments, kab lus, raug ntes, txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub, cassation tsis txaus siab, ua raws li txoj cai. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem hnov thaum lub rooj sib hais hauv tsev hais plaub.kev sib cav, sib tham ntawm kev txais tos pej xeem, thiab lwm yam.
  • Administrative - siv hauv kev sau ntawv hauv kev txiav txim, charters, kev txiav txim siab, daim ntawv cog lus, kev cog lus ua haujlwm thiab kev tuav pov hwm, ntawv cog lus, ntau daim ntawv thov, telegrams, wills, memos, autobiographies, reports, receipts, shipping documentation. Qhov ncauj daim ntawv ntawm kev tswj hwm substyle - xaj, auctions, kev sib tham ua lag luam, hais lus ntawm kev txais tos, auctions, rooj sib tham, thiab lwm yam.
  • kev ua nom ua tswv. Qhov kev sau ntawv no tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus, cov rooj sib tham, kev pom zoo, pacts, cov txheej txheem, cov ntawv sau tus kheej. Daim ntawv hais lus - lus tshaj tawm, memorandums, lus sib koom.

Hauv kev ua lag luam zoo, cov kab lus ruaj khov, cov lus sib txuas thiab cov lus hais tau nquag siv:

  • raws li…
  • raws li…
  • raws li…
  • dub to…
  • force…
  • meaning…

Tsuas yog cov qauv kev lag luam hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam ntawm cov lus muaj cov ntaub ntawv meej thiab qauv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov no yog ib daim ntawv qhia, resume, memorandum, tus kheej daim npav, daim ntawv pov thawj kev sib yuav thiab lwm yam.

Tus qauv yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub suab nruab nrab ntawm kev piav qhia, ncaj qha lo lus txiav txim, cov kab lus nyuaj, consiseness, consiseness, tsis muaj tus kheej. Cov lus tshwj xeeb, cov ntawv luv luv, cov lus tshwj xeeb thiab cov lus siv dav dav siv. Lwm qhov kev tawm tsam yog qhov cliché.

Publicistic

Cov lus ua haujlwm ntawm cov lus yog qhov tsis zoo. Kev tshaj tawm tsis muaj qhov zam. Nws yog siv hauv xov xwmsocial periodicals, thaum nom tswv, hais lus txiav txim. Feem ntau, nws cov qauv tuaj yeem pom hauv xov tooj cua thiab TV, hauv cov ntawv xov xwm, hauv cov ntawv xov xwm, phau ntawv, ntawm kev sib tw.

duab style lus
duab style lus

Kev tshaj tawm yog tsim los rau cov neeg tuaj saib dav, yog li cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb tsis tshua pom nyob ntawm no, thiab yog tias lawv yog, lawv tau nrhiav los piav qhia hauv tib cov ntawv. Nws muaj tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov ncauj thiab sau hais lus - nws kuj muaj nyob rau hauv kev yees duab, xinesmas, nraaj thiab pom, theatrical-dramatic thiab verbal-musical daim ntawv.

Tus sau xov xwm style ntawm cov lus muaj ob lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb: kev qhia thiab kev cuam tshuam. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm thawj zaug yog qhia qhov tseeb rau tib neeg. Qhov thib ob yog tsim qhov kev xav zoo, los cuam tshuam cov kev xav txog cov xwm txheej. Cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqi yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu kev qha thiab raug uas muaj kev txaus siab tsis yog rau tus sau, tab sis kuj rau tus nyeem ntawv. Kev cuam tshuam yog pom los ntawm tus kheej lub tswv yim ntawm tus sau, nws txoj kev hu rau kev nqis tes ua, nrog rau txoj kev nthuav tawm cov khoom siv.

5 style ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus
5 style ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus

Dhau li ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb rau cov qauv no, kuj tseem muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo rau cov lus tag nrho: kev sib txuas lus, kev nthuav qhia thiab zoo nkauj.

kev sib txuas lus

Kev sib txuas lus yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab dav dav ntawm cov lus, uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv txhua hom thiab cov qauv. Txhua yam ntawm cov lus thiab cov qauv ntawm kev hais lus kiag li muaj kev sib txuas lus. Hauv kev sau xov xwm, cov ntawv sau thiab cov lus hais yog tsim los rau cov neeg tuaj saib dav dav, cov lus tawm tswv yim tau pom los ntawm cov ntawv thiab hu.nyeem, kev sib tham rau pej xeem, kev xaiv tsa. Qhov no xav kom cov ntawv nyeem tau thiab yooj yim nyeem.

Expressive muaj nuj nqi

Cov ntawv sau xov xwm qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm nws tus kws sau, uas tuaj yeem qhia nws tus cwj pwm rau cov xwm txheej, qhia nws qhov kev xav. Hauv ntau hom ntawv, tus sau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj kev ywj pheej - kev xav yog ib qho ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm lossis kev hais lus, tab sis tsis txais tos hauv cov ntawv xov xwm lossis xov xwm tshaj tawm.

Kev nthuav qhia yuav tsum tsis txhob dhau qhov kev txwv tsim nyog - nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev hais lus kab lis kev cai, thiab kev qhia ntawm kev xav tsis tuaj yeem yog txoj haujlwm nkaus xwb.

Aesthetic function

Tawm ntawm tag nrho 5 hom kev hais lus Lavxias, qhov haujlwm no tsuas muaj nyob hauv ob. Hauv cov ntawv sau, kev zoo nkauj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb; hauv kev sau xov xwm, nws lub luag haujlwm tsawg dua. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nyeem ntawv lossis mloog cov ntawv sau tau zoo, xav txog, sib haum xeeb yog qhov zoo dua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ntshaw kom them sai sai rau qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv ib yam ntawm cov hom.

Journalistic genres

Muaj ob peb yam nquag siv nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab style:

  • lus;
  • pamphlet;
  • essay;
  • reportage;
  • feuilleton;
  • interview;
  • qhia thiab lwm yam.

Txhua tus ntawm lawv yog siv rau qee qhov xwm txheej: daim ntawv qhia ua ib hom kev kos duab thiab kev sau xov xwm feem ntau yog qhia tawm tsam ib tog twg, tshwm sim hauv zej zog lossis kev nom kev tswv tag nrho, ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm yog cov lus ceeb toom sai thiab ncaj ncees los ntawm qhov scene,ib tsab xov xwm yog ib hom ntawv uas tus kws sau tshuaj ntsuam xyuas qee qhov tshwm sim, qhov tseeb thiab muab rau lawv tus kheej kev ntsuas thiab kev txhais.

Art Style

Txhua yam ntawm cov lus thiab cov qauv ntawm kev hais lus pom lawv cov lus qhia los ntawm kev kos duab. Nws qhia cov kev xav thiab kev xav ntawm tus sau, cuam tshuam rau tus nyeem ntawv lub tswv yim. Nws siv tag nrho cov txhais tau tias ntawm lwm yam style, tag nrho cov ntau haiv neeg thiab nplua nuj ntawm cov lus, yog yus muaj los ntawm figurativeness, kev xav, thiab kev hais lus meej. Siv hauv ntawv tseeb.

5 hom lus
5 hom lus

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm qhov style no yog kev zoo nkauj - ntawm no, tsis zoo li kev sau xov xwm, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.

Muaj plaub hom kev kos duab:

  • epic;
  • lyrical;
  • dramatic;
  • combined.

Txhua yam ntawm no muaj nws txoj hauv kev los nthuav tawm cov xwm txheej. Yog hais tias peb tham txog lub epic, ces qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no yuav yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov ntsiab lus los yog qhov tshwm sim, thaum tus sau nws tus kheej los yog ib tug ntawm cov cim yuav ua raws li ib tug piav.

Nyob rau hauv zaj lus piav qhia, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev xav tias cov xwm txheej sab laug ntawm tus sau. Ntawm no qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yuav yog cov kev paub dhau los, dab tsi tshwm sim hauv ntiaj teb sab hauv.

Txoj kev ua yeeb yam qhia txog ib yam khoom hauv kev ua, qhia nws ncig los ntawm lwm yam khoom thiab xwm txheej. Lub tswv yim ntawm peb genera belongs rau V. G. Belinsky. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv "dawb huv", txhua qhov saum toj no tsis tshua muaj. Tsis ntev los no, qee tus kws sau ntawv tau txheeb xyuas lwm hom - ua ke.

Tau, epic, lyrical,Kev ua yeeb yam los piav txog cov xwm txheej thiab cov khoom raug faib ua ntau hom: zaj dab neeg, zaj dab neeg luv luv, zaj dab neeg luv luv, tshiab, ode, ua yeeb yam, paj huam, comedy thiab lwm yam.

Txoj kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov lus muaj nws tus yam ntxwv:

  • siv cov cuab yeej hais lus ntawm lwm tus qauv;
  • qauv, qauv, cov cuab yeej hais lus raug xaiv raws li lub hom phiaj thiab lub tswv yim ntawm tus sau;
  • siv cov duab tshwj xeeb ntawm kev hais lus uas muab xim thiab duab rau cov ntawv;
  • Kev ua kom zoo nkauj yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Tropes (allegory, metaphor, simile, synecdoche) thiab cov duab stylistic (default, epithet, epiphora, hyperbole, metonymy) tau siv dav ntawm no.

duab kos - style - lus

Tus sau ib txoj haujlwm, tsis yog tsuas yog sau ntawv xwb, xav tau txoj hauv kev hu rau tus saib lossis nyeem. Txhua daim duab kos duab muaj nws txoj kev sib txuas lus. Qhov no yog qhov twg trilogy tuaj rau hauv - kos duab duab, style, lus.

Duab yog tus cwj pwm dav dav rau lub ntiaj teb thiab lub neej, qhia los ntawm tus kws kos duab nrog kev pab los ntawm nws cov lus xaiv. Qhov no yog ib hom universal qeb ntawm creativity, ib daim ntawv ntawm kev txhais lus ntawm lub ntiaj teb no los ntawm cov creation ntawm aesthetically active khoom.

Cov duab kos duab tseem hu ua txhua qhov tshwm sim tau tsim los ntawm tus sau hauv kev ua haujlwm. Nws lub ntsiab lus tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv kev sib cuam tshuam nrog tus nyeem ntawv lossis tus saib: qhov tseeb ntawm tus neeg yuav nkag siab, pom, nyob ntawm nws lub hom phiaj, tus cwj pwm, lub siab xav, kab lis kev cai thiab cov txiaj ntsig uas nws tau coj los.

Lub ntsiab lus thib ob ntawm triad "duab - style - lus" muajtus cwj pwm rau kev sau ntawv tshwj xeeb, tus yam ntxwv tsuas yog rau tus sau no lossis lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov tswv yim. Hauv kev kos duab, peb lub ntsiab lus sib txawv yog qhov txawv - cov qauv ntawm lub sijhawm (nrog rau lub sijhawm keeb kwm ntawm lub sijhawm, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam, piv txwv li, lub sijhawm Victorian), lub teb chaws (nws txhais tau hais tias cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam rau tib neeg, lub teb chaws, piv txwv li, Japanese style) thiab tus kheej (peb tab tom tham txog ib tus kws kos duab uas nws ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb uas tsis muaj nyob hauv lwm tus, piv txwv li, Picasso).

Language in any kind of art is a system of figurative txhais tau tias tsim los pab cov hom phiaj ntawm tus sau thaum tsim tej hauj lwm, ib lub cuab tam los tsim ib tug kos duab duab. Nws tso cai rau kev sib txuas lus ntawm tus tsim thiab cov neeg tuaj saib, tso cai rau koj "kos" cov duab nrog tib lub cim style nta.

Txhua hom kev tsim khoom siv nws tus kheej rau qhov no: pleev xim - xim, duab puab - ntim, suab paj nruag - intonation, suab. Ua ke lawv tsim cov trinity ntawm pawg - kos duab duab, style, lus, pab kom tau ze rau tus sau thiab nkag siab zoo dua qhov nws tsim.

Nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias, txawm tias qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv, cov qauv tsis sib cais, kaw kaw nkaus xwb. Lawv muaj peev xwm thiab niaj hnub sib cuam tshuam ib leeg: tsis yog tsuas yog tus kws kos duab siv cov lus txhais ntawm lwm cov qauv, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev lag luam ua lag luam muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus nrog rau kev tshawb fawb (kev cai lij choj thiab kev cai lij choj subtypes nyob ze rau hauv lawv cov ntsiab lus rau cov kev qhuab qhia zoo sib xws.).

Cov lus lag luam nkag mus rau cov lus hais, thiab rov ua dua. Publicistic hom hais lus nyob rau hauvQhov ncauj thiab daim ntawv sau tau zoo sib cuam tshuam nrog thaj tsam ntawm kev hais lus thiab tsis yog ntawv tseeb.

Ntxiv mus, lub xeev tam sim no ntawm cov lus tsis muaj txhais tau tias ruaj khov. Nws yuav muaj tseeb dua hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv dynamic equilibrium. Cov ntsiab lus tshiab tau tshwm sim tas li, phau ntawv txhais lus Lavxias tau rov qab nrog cov kab lus uas los ntawm lwm hom lus.

Tsim cov lus tshiab nrog kev pab los ntawm cov uas twb muaj lawm. Kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis kuj tseem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev hais lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Ntau lub tswv yim los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua yeeb yam tau tsiv mus rau qeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas muaj npe qee yam txheej txheem thiab cov xwm txheej. Thiab cov ntsiab lus tshawb fawb tau nkag mus rau txhua hnub hais lus.

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