Hauv lus Askiv, zoo li yuav luag txhua yam lus, yuav tsum tau qhia thiab piav qhia txog kev ua hauv peb lub sijhawm: yav dhau los, tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej. Txhua yam ntawm cov lus no hauv lus Askiv tuaj yeem piav qhia siv plaub hom kev tense: yooj yim, nruam, zoo meej thiab zoo meej tas mus li. Yog li, muaj kaum ob hom ntawv ib ntus hauv tag nrho. Qee tus siv yuav luag tas li, lwm tus siv ntau zaus tsawg dua.
Cov qeb ntawm cov feem ntau siv hom ntawv ib ntus suav nrog Yav Tom Ntej Yooj Yim, qhov tsim uas yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus no. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej sim tsim lub sijhawm no, nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias vim li cas nws thiaj li xav tau txhua, thiab nws lub ntsiab lus yog dab tsi.
lus txhais
Kev tsim lub neej yav tom ntej yooj yim thiab siv hom ntawv ib ntus no yog qhov tsim nyog thaum nws los txog rau qhov kev txiav txim uas yuav tsum tshwm sim yav tom ntej. Samolo lus "future simple tense" txhais tau tias "simple future tense". Nws tuaj yeem siv los qhia txog qhov ua tau thiab cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- Ib yam yooj yim ib zaug yav tom ntej uas tsis qhia tias yuav kav ntev npaum li cas: "Kuv yuav tsheb", "nws yuav hu nws tus hluas nkauj", "cov phooj ywg yuav hu tsheb tavxij".
- Kev yuav rov ua dua yav tom ntej: "Kuv yuav mus rau lub nroog ob peb zaug rau lub lim tiam tom ntej".
- Assumption, hypothesis, subjective statement: "Kuv xav tias nws yuav los nag", "Kuv vam tias lawv tuaj". Cov kab lus uas muaj cov ntsiab lus zoo sib xws no feem ntau muaj cov lus "Kuv xav", "Kuv xav tias", "Kuv vam", "tej zaum" thiab cov zoo li.
- Kev txiav txim siab sai uas tsis tau xav ua ntej, tab sis tig los ua improvised. Piv txwv li, thaum xaj zaub mov hauv tsev noj mov, ib tus neeg yuav txiav txim siab tam sim ntawd: "Kuv yuav muaj zaub xam lav." Qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm nws cov lus Askiv yuav tsim nrog Yav Tom Ntej Simple.
- cog lus tias yuav ua ib yam dab tsi rau yav tom ntej, muab kev lees paub, kev lees paub, kev txiav txim siab: "Kuv yuav los cuag koj."
- Kev, caw: "Koj puas muaj khob kas fes nrog kuv?".
- hem, ceeb toom: "koj yuav raug teeb meem".
Kev tsim lub neej yav tom ntej yooj yim hauv kab lus tshwj xeeb lossis siv lwm hom ntawv ib ntus yog qhov yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tus kheej rau txhua kab lus.
Cov lus-pointers
Raws li lwm daim ntawv ib ntus hauvLus Askiv, qhov tsim ntawm Yav Tom Ntej Yooj Yim thiab nws siv yuav yooj yim dua yog tias koj paub qee cov lus taw qhia. Yog tias cov lus qhia hauv qab no nyob rau hauv kab lus, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum siv Lub Neej Yav Tom Ntej Simple hauv nws:
- tag kis - tag kis.
- Nyem/hnub/week/hli/xyoo/century - next day/week/month/year/century.
- Hnub tag kis - hnub tag kis.
- After - tom qab.
- Nom - tom qab.
- Nyob rau ob peb hnub - ob peb hnub.
Cov lus no qhia tias qhov kev txiav txim yuav tshwm sim yav tom ntej.
nqe lus
Kev tsim cov kab lus lees paub nyob rau yav tom ntej yooj yim yog ua raws li cov qauv hauv qab no.
| Order | Sentence member | Example | Kev txhais lus |
| 1 | Subject | I | I |
| 2 | Kev sib tham yuav | yuav | Kuv yuav mus |
| 3 | Yuav ua li cas | go | |
| 4 | Txhua yam | rau Spain xyoo tom ntej. | rau Spain xyoo tom ntej. |
Ntawm no yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov kab lus lees paub.
| Example | Kev txhais lus |
| Peb yuav ntsib ob peb hnub. | Peb yuav ntsib ob peb hnub. |
| Kuv yuav lub tsheb tshiab. | Kuv yuav lub tsheb tshiab. |
| Nws yuav hais kom nws cov phooj ywg tuaj koom nws hnub yug. | Nws yuav nugnws cov phooj ywg tuaj koom nws lub hnub yug. |
Txoj cai rau kev tsim yav tom ntej Yooj Yim hauv daim ntawv lees paub yog qhov yooj yim heev, thiab cov piv txwv tsuas yog ua pov thawj nws ib zaug ntxiv.
Kev tsis lees paub
Hais lus Askiv txog tej yam uas yuav tsum tsis txhob, ua tsis tau thiab/lossis yuav tsis tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum siv qhov yuav luag zoo tib yam algorithm rau yav dhau los. Daim ntawv yooj yim tsim yav tom ntej rau cov kab lus tsis zoo yog raws li hauv qab no.
| Order | Part of Speech | Example | Kev txhais lus |
| 1 | Subject | I | I |
| 2 | Kev sib tham yuav | yuav | tsis |
| 3 | Particle tsis | tsis | |
| 4 | Yuav ua li cas | go | Kuv yuav mus |
| 5 | Txhua yam | mus rau tag kis. | to party tag kis. |
Ntawm no yog qee cov lus piv txwv ntxiv los txhawb thiab nkag siab zoo dua li cov qauv no ua haujlwm.
| Example | Kev txhais lus |
| Peb yuav tsis caw nws, vim nws tsis nyiam cov suab nrov. | Peb yuav tsis caw nws vim nws tsis nyiam cov suab nrov. |
| Tib neeg yuav tsis sawv rau txoj kev xav phem li no! | Tib neeg yuav tsis sawv rau txoj kev xav phem li no! |
| Kuv vam tias tag kis yuav tsis los nag. | Kuv vam tias tsis tag kisyuav los nag. |
Qhia
Tau tsim cov lus nug ua lus Askiv, peb yuav tau ua qee qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb rau cov qauv ntawm Yav Tom Ntej Simple, twb paub los ntawm cov kab lus dhau los. Qhov tseeb, qhov metamorphosis no tsis txawv ntawm lwm cov lus Askiv tenses - cov lus txhawb nqa tau muab tso rau hauv qhov pib ntawm kab lus, ua ntej qhov kev kawm. Rau cov neeg uas twb paub txog qhov yooj yim tam sim no lossis yav dhau los tense, mastering lub neej yav tom ntej yooj yim yuav tsis muaj teeb meem kiag li.
| Order | Sentence member | Example | Kev txhais lus |
| 1 | Kev sib tham yuav | Yuav | koj |
| 2 | Subject | koj | |
| 3 | Yuav ua li cas | muas | muas |
| 4 | Txhua yam | khaub ncaws me ntxim hlub no? | yog hnav khaub ncaws me me ntxim hlub? |
Ntawm no yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm Cov Lus Nug Yooj Yim Yav Tom Ntej hauv Lus Askiv.
| Example | Kev txhais lus |
| Puas los nag? | Puas los nag? |
| Hnub no koj puas kam haus khob kasfes nrog kuv? | Hnub no koj puas kam nrog kuv khob kas fes nrog kuv tag kis? |
| Yuav tsum siv nyiaj, lossis txhua yam dawb? | Kuv puas yuav tau siv nyiaj, lossis yog txhua yam pub dawb? |
Kev zam rau txoj cai
Thaum xub pom, yooj yimLub sijhawm yav tom ntej hauv lus Askiv yog qhov yooj yim heev. Qhov tseeb, yog tias koj saib nws, cov cai teev nyob rau hauv feem ntau ua haujlwm rau cov kab lus yooj yim, tsis yooj yim, thiab feem ntau tsawg dua rau qee qhov kev siv grammatical.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov kab lus raws li txoj cai, lub sijhawm yav tom ntej tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv subordinate clause. Hauv kab lus tseem ceeb, es tsis txhob siv lub sijhawm yav tom ntej yooj yooj yim, qhov yooj yim tam sim no yog siv. Zoo li hauv kab lus no:
Yog nws los kuv yuav tsis pub nws nkag hauv kuv chav! - Yog nws los, kuv yuav tsis cia nws nkag hauv kuv chav!
Txawm hais tias muaj tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no muaj ib tug heev meej qhia ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej tense - "yuav los" - nyob rau hauv lus Askiv version tam sim no yog siv. Yuav kom nco ntsoov qhov "tsim", los yog txoj cai tshiab, koj tuaj yeem saib lwm cov piv txwv:
- Thaum kuv khwv tau nyiaj ntau, kuv yuav pib mus ncig. - Thaum kuv khwv tau nyiaj ntau, kuv yuav pib mus ncig.
- Yog tias nag los nag los, peb yuav tsum nyob hauv tsev thiab tos kom tiav. - Yog tias nag los nag los, peb yuav tsum nyob hauv tsev thiab tos kom nres.
- Yog kuv tus phooj ywg thov pab kuv, kuv yuav ua dab tsi rau nws! -Yog kuv tus phooj ywg thov kev pab, kuv yuav ua dab tsi rau nws!
Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias Kev Kawm Yooj Yim Yav Tom Ntej hauv Lus Askiv yog lub ntsiab lus nyuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem hu ua yooj yim. Tag nrho cov kev cai uas tau hais tseg tuaj yeem sau tau raws li hauv qab no.way:
- Siv lub sijhawm yooj yim yav tom ntej thaum tham txog qhov kev ua uas pib thiab xaus rau yav tom ntej, yam tsis tau hais txog nws lub sijhawm.
- Txhawm rau tsim cov kab lus lees paub, koj yuav tsum npaj cov lus hauv qab no: cov ntsiab lus, cov lus qhia ua haujlwm yuav, kwv yees, txhua yam.
- Yuav kom tau txais kev tsis lees paub, ntxiv tsis tau tam sim ntawd tom qab qhov kev pabcuam pabcuam.
- Yuav kom tau ib lo lus nug, sau cov lus txhawb nqa ua ntej lub ntsiab lus.
