Mogilev cheeb tsam yog thaj tsam sab hnub tuaj ntawm Belarus, ciam teb rau Lavxias Federation. Nyob rau sab qaum teb nws ciam teb rau Vitebsk, nyob rau sab qab teb - ntawm Gomel, sab hnub poob - ntawm Minsk. Cov neeg nyob sab hnub tuaj yog thaj tsam Bryansk thiab Smolensk ntawm Russia. Ntau tshaj 37 feem pua ntawm thaj chaw yog nyob hauv hav zoov, 50 feem pua yog thaj av ua liaj ua teb. Daim duab qhia chaw ntawm thaj av Mogilev muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm kom meej meej qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm cheeb tsam no ntawm Belarus.
History of the region
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los, thawj cov neeg nyob ze ntawm tus dej Ola txij li Hnub Nyoog Pob Zeb. Thiab nyob ze ntawm lub zos Bolshie Bortniki, archaeologists tswj kom nrhiav tau zoo kawg nkaus khaws cia cov khoom vaj khoom tsev thiab cov cuab yeej ua los ntawm cov pob txha thiab horn nyob rau hauv peat deposits. Qhov no ua rau cov kws sau keeb kwm paub txog tias tib neeg nyob li cas plaub mus rau tsib txhiab xyoo dhau los. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm Kievan Rus nyob rau hauv lub Mogilev cheeb tsam (nws yog ib feem ntawmmuaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub xeev) nyob rau hauv lub ntug dej ntawm lub Dnieper tshwm sim thawj lub zos uas tseem muaj nyob rau niaj hnub no: Mstislavl (tsim nyob rau hauv 1135), Krichev (1136), Propoisk, lub niaj hnub lub npe yog Slavgorod (1136), Mogilev (1267). Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th mus rau 16th, lub cheeb tsam no yog ib feem ntawm lub Grand Duchy ntawm Lithuania, Lavxias teb sab thiab Zhemoytsky. Lub sijhawm no, cov nroog loj hlob zuj zus, lawv tau los ua qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam. Cov tub rog ntawm Mstislavl chij mus ib txhis sau lawv cov npe hauv keeb kwm ntawm Tebchaws Europe, tau muaj sia nyob hauv 1410 hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntshav tawm tsam cov tub rog ntawm Teutonic Order ntawm Grunwald. Pib los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, cov av no tau los ua ib feem ntawm Tebchaws Meskas. Thaum lub sij hawm Russia-Polish ua tsov ua rog, cov pej xeem ntawm lub cheeb tsam tau halved. Thiab thaum lub sij hawm confrontation nrog lub Swedes nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub zos ntawm Lesnaya, ib tug tseem ceeb sib ntaus sib tua tshwm sim, uas xaus nyob rau hauv lub yeej ntawm Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog. Thaum lub Koom Txoos tau muab faib, cov av no tau los ua tus tswv ntawm Russia. Empress Catherine thib ob nthuav lub nroog Krichev rau Prince Potemkin, thiab lub nroog ntawm Propoisk rau Golitsyn. Thaum lub sij hawm Lavxias teb sab-Fabkis ua tsov ua rog, Mogilev cheeb tsam tau los ua qhov chaw ntawm hostilities, thiab thaum lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog thawj zaug, lub hauv paus chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub xeem Lavxias teb sab Tsar Nicholas II nyob rau hauv no.
cheeb tsam Mogilev tau tsim nyob rau lub Ib Hlis 1938. Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, cov tub rog Soviet tuav Mogilev los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm German invaders rau 23 hnub. Thaj chaw poob ib feem peb ntawm nws cov pejxeem hauv kev tsov rog no.
Pab neeg ntawm cheeb tsam
1 lab 76 txhiab tus neeg nyob hauv thaj av Mogilev. Ntawm cov no, ntau dua 75 feem pua - hauv nroog thiab cov nroog, tus so- nyob rau hauv lub zos thiab lub zos. Yuav luag 90 feem pua ntawm cov pej xeem yog Belarusians. Cov haiv neeg tsawg hauv qab no nyob hauv cheeb tsam: Russians (132 txhiab tus neeg), Ukrainians (21.1 txhiab), cov neeg Yudais (3.5 txhiab), Poles (2.8 txhiab), Armenians (1.1 txhiab). Thiab tseem Tatars, Gypsies, Lithuanians, Azerbaijanis, Germans thiab Moldovans.
Kev ntseeg
17 kev ntseeg yog kev coj noj coj ua hauv cheeb tsam, lub ntsiab yog Orthodox Christianity. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, Belarus (lub cheeb tsam Mogilev yog tsis muaj kev zam) yog yus muaj los ntawm loy alty thiab kam rau ua rau ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas denominations. Mosques, cov tsev teev ntuj, cov tuam tsev ntseeg thiab ntau lwm tus nyob ntawm no yooj yim. Yog li ntawd, muaj 157 pawg ntseeg sib txawv hauv cheeb tsam. Ntawm no, 69 - Orthodox Christian Church, 29 - Evangelical Baptist Christians, 17 - Roman Catholic lub tsev teev ntuj, 6 - Lub Koom Txoos qub, thiab lwm yam kev ntseeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov neeg Yudais, Muslim, Hare Krishna cov zej zog.
Kev txiav txim siab thiab cov cheeb tsam ntawm cheeb tsam Mogilev
cheeb tsam no (tag nrho cheeb tsam yog 29.1 txhiab km 2) tau muab faib ua thaj chaw tswj hwm. Muaj 21 ntawm lawv: Belynichsky (thaj tsam 1419 square kilometers), Bobruisk (1599), Bykhovsky (2263), Glussky (1335), Goretsky (1284), Dribinsky (767), Kirovsky (1295), Klimovichsky (1543), Klichevsky (1800), Krasnopolsky (1223), Krichevsky (778), Kruglyansky (882), Kostyukovichsky (1494), Mogilevsky (1895), Mstislavsky (1333), Osipovichsky (1947), Slavgorodsky (1318), Khotimsky (1318), Khotimsky (1318) (1471), Cherikovsky(1020), Shklovsky (1334).
Osipovichi, Bobruisk, Kirovsk, Mogilev, Shklov, Bykhov, Gorki, Chausy, Slavgorod, Cherikov, Mstislavl, Krichev, Kostyukovichi, Klimovichi yog lub nroog ntawm cheeb tsam Mogilev. Cov chaw tswj hwm hauv cheeb tsam yog kaum tsib lub nroog, rau lub nroog-hom chaw nyob. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws suav nrog peb cov neeg ua haujlwm kev sib hais haum, 194 lub zos pawg sab laj. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov zos thiab cov zos ntawm cheeb tsam Mogilev muaj 3120 kev nyob.
Kev thauj mus los
Belarus yog txoj kev hla tseem ceeb ntawm Tebchaws Europe thiab Lavxias, thiab cheeb tsam Mogilev yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm txoj kev tsim kho vaj tse. Railway junctions ncaj qha mus txuas nws nrog tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm Belarus, nrog Moldova, Ukraine, lub B altic lub teb chaws, raws li zoo raws li nrog ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov cheeb tsam ntawm Russia. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaj av ntawd txuas nrog kev sib txuas ntawm tsheb npav ncaj qha nrog Novogrudok, Gomel, Vitebsk, Orsha, Minsk, Novopolotsk, St. Petersburg, Smolensk, Moscow thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaj av no hla los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov dej loj nyob sab Europe, xws li Sozh, Berezina thiab Dnieper.
Kev lag luam
Mogilev cheeb tsam yog ib qho ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm Belarus. Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau tshaj 240 lub lag luam. Lub cheeb tsam nyob hauv thawj txoj haujlwm hauv kev tsim cov tsheb ciav hlau hauv av thiab tus kheej-propelled scrapers, neeg nrog caij elevator, trailed ua liaj ua teb machinery nyob rau hauv lub CIS lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv Belarus, cheeb tsam Mogilev yog lub ntsiab tsim cov log tsheb, centrifug altwj tso kua mis, cement, hluav taws xob motors, mos vov tsev, textile haberdashery, hnav khaub ncaws, txhob lo lo ntxhuav fabrics, roj hmab khau thiab lwm yam. Cov chaw lag luam tseem ceeb yog Bobruisk thiab Mogilev. Lub tsev tom kawg yog Mogilev technopark thiab thaj chaw kev lag luam dawb.
Natural resources
Mogilev cheeb tsam yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv minerals thiab natural resources. Ntau tshaj 1800 deposits paub nyob rau hauv no, nrog rau cov cement raw cov ntaub ntawv (lub teb chaws loj reserves ntawm marl, av nplaum, chalk thiab cement loam), phosphorites (tseem ceeb rau Belarus), xuab zeb thiab gravel mixs, tsev thiab silicate xuab zeb, peat, sapropels, ntxhia. dej, tripoli (qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws) thiab roj.
Agriculture
Cov av ua liaj ua teb ntawm thaj av muaj ntau dua 50 feem pua ntawm thaj chaw, suav nrog thaj av ua liaj ua teb (33.1 feem pua), pastures (9.1 feem pua), hayfields (8.1 feem pua). Cov qoob loo cog qoob loo ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua liaj ua teb hauv cheeb tsam. Legumes thiab grain qoob loo yog ubiquitous. Ntawm 70 feem pua ntawm cov cheeb tsam lawv tsim cov nplej nplej thiab ntawm 30 feem pua - zaub mov nplej. Tsiaj txhu yog cov khoom noj mis nyuj thiab nqaij. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam muaj cov liaj teb tshwj xeeb uas koom nrog kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov tsiaj txhu, nees, thiab ntses ntau lawm. Ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm no yog cov kab mob sib kis tau tom qab kev sib tsoo ntawm Chernobyl nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag xyoo 1986. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, kwv yees li 35 feem pua ntawm cov cheeb tsam raug cais raws li kis kab mob.
kab lis kev cai
Cov keeb kwm nplua nuj thiab kev kos duab kab lis kev cai ntawm thaj av tau cuam tshuam hauv ntau lub monuments ntawm archaeology, arts thiab crafts thiab monumental art, thawj architectural cuab yeej cuab tam. Ntawm cov chaw nyiam tshaj plaws yog 27 lub tsev cia puav pheej, peb lub chaw ua yeeb yam thiab cov zej zog philharmonic. Ob peb lub tsev ua yeeb yam thoob ntiaj teb thiab suab paj nruag festivals tau tuav txhua xyoo hauv cheeb tsam Mogilev. Peb lub regional thiab 21 cov ntawv xov xwm hauv zos tau tshaj tawm hauv cheeb tsam. Muaj lub nroog thiab cheeb tsam TV thiab xov tooj cua.
