Marksburg Tsev fuabtais yog nyob rau hauv lub hav ntawm Rhine River, uas yog suav tias yog lub nceeg vaj tiag tiag ntawm knightly vaj tse, uas muaj ntau tshaj 900 xyoo. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, cov fortresses medieval pom nyob rau hauv cov chaw no yuav luag txhua kilometers. Nws raug suav hais tias yog lus dab neeg rau qhov tseeb tias ntau pua xyoo cov yeeb ncuab yeej tsis tau tswj hwm nws.
Qhov chaw thiab lus dab neeg
Fortress Marksburg (Marksburg) nyob hauv Tebchaws Yelemees hauv tsoomfwv xeev Rhineland-Palatinate, ze rau lub nroog Braubach. Lub tsev zoo kawg nkaus sawv ntawm qhov siab ntawm 150 m ntawm toj roob hauv pes ntsuab saum tus dej, nws cia li soars saum ib puag ncig thiab suav tias yog lub fortress zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv nruab nrab Rhine hav.
Zaj dab neeg tu siab txog qhov tsis muaj hmoo zoo nkauj Elisabeth Braubach, tus tswv tus ntxhais, tau txuas ncaj qha nrog Marksburg Castle. Nws tau sib cais los ntawm nws tus hlub Siegbert los ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, qhov chaw uas nws tau ua raws li kev txiav txim ntawm tus huab tais, thiab tom qab ntawd raug liam tias tuag. Thaum Elsa tab tom tos nws tus fiancé, Rochus, uas qhia nws tus kheej ua nws tus npawg, tuaj txog ntawm nws thiab thov kom nws yuav nws.
Ntxhais kev poob siabtau pom zoo, tab sis nyob rau hmo ua tshoob, St. Mark tshwm sim rau tus pov thawj hauv zos thiab liam Rochus ntawm kev pe hawm dab ntxwg nyoog. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov lus no, tag kis sawv ntxov tus pov thawj tau tawm ib tug ntoo khaub lig ze ntawm lub thaj thiab taw rau ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm Rochus, uas nws poob rau hauv av.
Tom qab poob ntawm nws tus khub thib ob, Elizabeth tau mus rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj nrog kev tu siab, thiab tom qab ntawd Siegbert rov qab los nrog cov nplua nuj booty, uas txhua tus neeg xav tias tuag. Thaum kawm txog tag nrho cov xwm txheej, nws poob rau hauv kev poob siab, thiab lub tsev fuabtais tau hloov npe nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm St. Mark.
History of the castle-fortress
Thawj qhov kev tiv thaiv thawj zaug tau tsim tsa hauv qhov chaw no hauv 1100s los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Epstein tsev neeg, cov uas yog cov thawj coj ntawm lub nroog Mainz thiab Trier. Nws tsis yog siv los ua ib lub fortress xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub tsev rau lub chaw tswj hwm thiab chaw lis haujlwm hauv zos.
Hauv cov ntaub ntawv, Marksburg tau hais thawj zaug ua Braubach Castle hauv 1231. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th. Lub fortress twb muaj los ntawm cov suav ntawm Katzenelenbogen, thiab thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th. Nws dhau mus ua tswv cuab ntawm von Hesses vim qhov tseeb tias cov tswv yav dhau los tsis muaj txiv neej qub txeeg qub teg. Thaum lub sij hawm 14-15 Art. Lub fortress twb rebuilt thiab renovated ntau zaus. Nws lub ntsej muag niaj hnub no (saib Marksburg Castle, daim duab hauv qab no) twb yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kho thiab kev kho kom rov zoo li qub uas tau txuas ntxiv rau ntau tshaj 700 xyoo ua ke.
Xyoo 1437, lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Mark tau tsim tsa ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub fortress, tom qab ntawd lub npe "Marksburg" tshwm. NwsNws txawv ntawm nws tus kheej thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog 30 xyoo, raws li tib lub chaw ruaj khov German uas muaj kev nyab xeeb tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam. Fab Kis tsis tuaj yeem coj nws los ntawm cua daj cua dub.
Nkauj Castle
Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, thaum Napoleon muaj peev xwm ntes tau lub teb chaws Yelemees, Marksburg Castle tau nthuav tawm rau Duke of Nassau, nws tau los nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm Prussia. Tom qab ntawd, es tsis txhob ntawm tus nqi fortification, nws pib ua haujlwm hauv pej xeem. Ib lub tsev rau cov tub rog uas tsis taus tau teeb tsa ntawm no, thiab tom qab ntawd lub tsev loj cuj.
Nyob rau xyoo 1900, nws tau yuav los ntawm German Association rau Kev Tiv Thaiv ntawm cov palaces keeb kwm rau tus nqi nominal ntawm 1,000 Reichsmarks. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog kev saib xyuas thiab khaws cia ntawm architectural thiab antiquity monuments nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees.
Thaum kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 2, lub tsev fuabtais tau raug puas tsuaj ib nrab tom qab tua los ntawm Asmeskas cov phom loj, tab sis tom qab xyoo ua tsov ua rog nws yuav luag rov qab los.
Marksburg Castle (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees): Nqe lus piav qhia
nkag mus rau lub fortress yog dhau lub rooj vag, uas coj mus rau ib tug me me choj. Nws cov kev tiv thaiv bastions tau nruab nrog qhov khoob uas cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem pom ib feem ntawm hav zoov. Ntawm ib phab ntsa, ntawm sab xis mus rau sab laug, yog cov tsev neeg lub tsho ntawm caj npab ntawm cov tsev neeg uas hloov pauv lub tsev fuabtais: von Epstein, suav ntawm Katzenelnbogen, thaj av ntawm von Hesse thiab dukes ntawm Nassau.
Yog tias koj mus rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub fortress, koj tuaj yeem pom ib puag ncig thiab cov toj roob hauv pes zoo nkauj, suav nrog hav zoov, Rhine River thiab lub nroog uas muaj tsev me me. Ntawm ib sab yog ib lub tsev zoo nkauj ib nrab ntoo,ua rau xyoo 1705 es tsis yog lub tsev ua mov ci, ib sab ntawm nws yog lub qhov dej thiab lub qhov dej uas sau cov dej nag.
Lub tsev tseem ceeb ntawm lub fortress yog lub hauv paus dawb pej thuam, uas nce siab tshaj tag nrho cov qauv vaj tsev. Nyob rau sab sauv ntawm lub fortress, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub puab thiab sab phab ntsa, muaj ib tug me me lub vaj uas cog tshuaj ntsuab thiab txuj lom.
Los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm lub tshav puam koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv chav rau kev tsim txom thiab kev rau txim, qhov chaw uas cov cuab yeej thiab cov cuab yeej tso tawm. Cov phab ntsa tau dai nrog cov duab kos thaum ub piav qhia txog kev txawj ntse thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim txom tshwj xeeb.
Sab hauv thiab nthuav tawm
Cov lus piav qhia ntawm Marksburg Castle thiab nws sab hauv yuav tsum pib los ntawm cov chav qis, qhov nkag los ntawm lub tshav puam. Hauv qab daus yog nyob:
- ib qho qub forge qhia cov cuab yeej thiab ntau yam cuab yeej;
- wine warehouse with a collection of old oak barrels where the famous Rhine wine was once khaws cia;
- chav ua noj ua kom pom cov khoom siv medieval, crockery thiab ntau yam khoom siv, incl. nias caw.
Yuav kom mus rau pem teb sab saud, koj yuav tsum tau nce ib txoj kev nqaim nrog ntaiv. Ntawm no yog nyob hauv cov chav nyob, uas qhia txog lub neej thiab kev txawj ntse ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub tsev fuabtais:
- chav noj mov nrog lub qhov cub thiab lub rooj zaum rau cov tub rog, uas muaj cov qauv qub ntawm cov rooj tog ntoo nrog cov ntoo zoo nkauj (lub hauv siab, sab hauv, lub hauv siab ntawm cov tub rau khoom, wardrobe), cov twj paj nruag thiabib txheej rau kev ua si chess, muaj txawm tias lub txee qub txeeg qub tes;
- "armory" lossis "chall of the knights", uas qhia cov khaub ncaws thiab khoom siv ntawm cov tub rog medieval (daim phiaj, armor, thiab lwm yam);
- cov phom qub kuj tau nthuav tawm ntawm no, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov neeg tiv thaiv ntawm lub fortress tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab;
- "spinning room" - chav rau cov neeg ua haujlwm, sawv cev los ntawm cov cuab yeej siv nruab nrab (spinning log, looms thiab lwm yam cuab yeej);
- Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Marcus Chapel (1200) tau ua rau sab saud, uas lub qab nthab thiab phab ntsa yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog frescoes thiab paintings.
Castle in the 21st century
Txij li xyoo 2002, Marksburg Castle tau suav nrog UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List, thiab tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm Hague Convention ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev thiab keeb kwm.
Txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, lub fortress tau dhau los ua ib lub tsev zoo nkauj tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm, tawm tsam cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab cov duab kos duab. Nws yog thawj lub tsev fuabtais uas tau nthuav tawm hauv cov menyuam yaus lub khw muag khoom ua si ua qauv duab los qhia, thiab nws cov tsos kuj tau siv ntau qhov chaw ua si lom zem.
Tam sim no lub tsev fuabtais Marksburg (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees) lub tsev ua haujlwm ntawm German Society of Castles thiab Tsev khaws puav pheej, uas tau ua txhua yam los kho qhov chaw ua vaj tsev. Kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav ntawm cov ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb German Dilich. Yuav kom mus txog lub fortress, koj yuav tsum tau taug kev los ntawm cov qub hav zoov, nce mus rau saum lub roob, qhuas cov zoo nkauj medieval architecture thiab sab hauv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais.
