Panegy yog eulogies uas tau nrov thaum lub sij hawm heyday ntawm oratory nyob rau hauv ancient Greece. Txoj kev sau ntawv no tseem muaj nyob niaj hnub no thiab muaj ntau heev.
eulogies niaj hnub - yog dab tsi?
A eulogy muaj ib lub ntsiab lus, nws piav txog ib tug neeg lub neej nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua tau zoo. Qee qhov tseeb uas feem ntau suav nrog hauv eulogies yog:
- Thaum twg thiab qhov twg tuag.
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
- Npe ntawm niam txiv (thiab qhov chaw lawv ntsib thiab sib yuav).
- kwv tij thiab muam.
- Early Childhood - qhov chaw thiab nyiam.
- Schools, kev vam meej, khoom plig.
- Kev tsim nyog thiab kev ua tiav.
- Qee qhov xwm txheej thaum yau.
- Qhia meej txog kev sib yuav, menyuam yaus, kev sib raug zoo tseem ceeb.
- Kev ua kis las ua tiav.
- Kuv koj nyiam, kev nyiam, kev ua haujlwm, yam koj nyiam, thiab lwm yam
- Ntau yam keeb kwm tseem ceeb.
- Kev nyiam, nyiam thiab tsis nyiam.
"Eulogy": lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tswv yim los ntawm Latin panegyricus, uas txhais tau tias "hais lus ntawm kev sib tham rau pej xeem". Panegyrics yog kev ua yeeb yam rau pej xeem hauv kev hwm ntawm qee tus neeg, khoom, lossis kev ua tiav. Daim ntawv zoo li no tuaj yeem yog qhov ncauj thiab sau.
Tseem txhais los ntawm Greek panegyric (qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub suab thib peb) txhais tau tias txhua qhov kev qhuas uas tau siv los txhawb qee tus neeg, xwm txheej, thiab lwm yam.
Ancient panegyrics feem ntau nrog rau qee qhov kev pabcuam thiab kev pabcuam. Lawv tau qhia meej txog qhov kev ntshaw thiab lub siab xav tsim nyob rau hauv pej xeem lub siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg.
Synonyms thiab antonyms
Ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus piav qhia yog cov hauv qab no:
- paise;
- paise;
- koob tsheej;
- anthem;
- ode;
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg;
- khoom plig;
- paise;
- recognition;
- xov xwm;
- applause;
- xwb.
Thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "eulogy" yog dab tsi? Muaj ntau qhov kev xaiv tsim nyog, cov hauv qab no sawv tawm:
- reprimand;
- ceeb;
- kev foob;
- reproach;
- reprimand;
- exhortation;
- qhia;
- lus qhuab qhia;
- exposure;
- tirade;
- scold;
- swearing.
eulogies yog dab tsi? Piv txwv
Txhua yam kev xav zoo li qhov no txhais tau hais tias muaj kev txaus siab, raws li kev hais lus zoo yog hais txog kev npaj hais lus uas txhawb nqa kev tsim txiaj ntawm ib tus neeg. Nov yog hom kev xav thiab feem ntau hais lus qhuas.
Nyob rau hauv classical rhetoric, nws tau lees paub tias yog ib hom kev hais lus ceremonial. Tsis yog txhua qhov eulogies yog qhov xwm txheej loj, suav nrog panegyric (ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov no yog Erasmus ntawm Rotterdam's "Praise of Stupidity", sau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th). Nws lub hom phiaj yog los thuam cov kev sib tham hauv chav kawm.
Panegyrics hauv Ancient Greece
Nyob hauv Athens, cov lus hais no tau ua ib zaug hauv lub tebchaws festivals, thaum ua yeeb yam, kev ua koob tsheej pej xeem lossis kev ua si thiab kev ua si. Qhov no tau ua los txhawb kom cov pej xeem xav tau thiab qhuas txog lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv tej hauj lwm zoo kawg nkaus.
Cov paub zoo tshaj plaws yog Olympiacus Gorgias, Olympiacus Lysias, thiab Panathenaicus thiab Panegyricus (eulogy) ntawm Isocrates (486-338 BC) uas tau hu rau Hellenic nom tswv kev sib sau.
Cov ntsiab lus los ntawm Isocrates cov lus hais ntawm Panhellenic Festival
Cov lus qhuab qhia hauv qab no tau paub (piv txwv ntawm kev hais lus zoo rau kev ua koob tsheej): Peb tau sib sau ua ke hauv ib qho chaw uas peb muab peb cov lus thov thiab kev txi, uas ua rau peb nco txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm peb thiab ntawm ib qho chaw. kev ua siab zoo rau ib leeg rau yav tom ntej, txhawb nqa peb cov qubphooj ywg thiab ua kev sib txuas tshiab. … Cov neeg Greek muaj lub cib fim los qhia lawv txoj kev ua tau zoo, thiab lwm tus tuaj yeem pom lawv sib cav sib ceg hauv kev ua si. … Thiab tag nrho lub ntiaj teb tuaj pom lawv.” (Isocrates, Panegyricus, 380 BC)
Isocrates yog ib tus kws tshaj lij Greek thaum ub thiab tshaj tawm. Nws cov lus thiab cov lus qhia nom tswv tau siv los ua ib qho cuab yeej kawm ntawv muaj zog. Nws yog hu ua ib tug follower ntawm Lysias thiab ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Gorgias, uas yog ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm cov kos duab ntawm eloquence. Socrates nws tus kheej ib zaug hais txog nws tias hauv Isocrates txoj kev hlub ntawm kev txawj ntse tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov nws tus kheej. Tus neeg hais lus muaj kev mob siab rau tshwj xeeb rau kev hais lus zoo thiab pej xeem.
Lub neej txoj haujlwm thiab kev cia siab tsis tau tiav
Isocrates 'eulogy tau ua politicized kiag li. Cov xov liab nyob rau hauv cov lus hais, tshaj uas tus sau pored tshaj li 10 xyoo, yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib sau ntawm cov Athenians nrog cov inhabitants ntawm Sparta rau ib tug sib koom confrontation nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam cov Persians. Raws li nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, Panegyric muab faib ua ob ntu. Lawv hais txog lub tebchaws vammeej thiab nws txoj kev nplua nuj dhau los, nrog rau ntau yam koob hmoov ntawm lub ntiaj teb, suav nrog kev txhim kho Balkans, kev tsim kho txuj ci, kev tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam loj.
Nws mus yam tsis tau hais, raws li tus neeg hais lus, hais tias txhua yam no tau muab rau cov neeg Athenians tsis muaj txoj cai los coj lwm cov neeg Greek thiab ua tus thawj coj hauv kev tawm tsam cov neeg phem thiab cov neeg phem. Thaum kawg ntawm nws epic, Isocrates qhia nws cov neeg mloog. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog hais txog kev ua tsov rog dawb huv thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Hellenes. Nws ua siab loj thiab defiantly hu rau lwm tus hais lus raunres hais txog txhua yam tsis muaj tseeb thiab ua kom tsawg kawg ib qho kev sim ua kom dhau nws txoj haujlwm hauv kev hais lus zoo.
Lub panegyric ntawm Isocrates yog qhov kev txawj ntse tsim cov ntawv sau zoo, uas cov yas ntawm cov yeeb yuj thiab cov duab pom tau zoo muab txoj hauv kev rau qee qhov sib txawv ntawm kev pom, cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov uas yog qhov tseeb qhov tseeb. Txawm tias muaj kev ncaj ncees thiab tsim nyog ntawm nws qhov kev xav, Isocrates tseem ua tsis tiav qhov nws xav tau. Keeb kwm muaj nws tus kheej cov phiaj xwm rau qhov no. Tsis kam noj zaub mov thiab disillusioned nrog nws illusory fantasies, tus zoo orator tuag nyob rau hauv 337. Kev sib haum xeeb ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Hellenes tau ua pov thawj ua tsis tau, thiab qhov tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke thaum kawg ua rau muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntshav.
Cov kab lis kev cai niaj hnub thiab kev ntseeg suav nrog hauv lawv lub ntees tuag rituals thiab eulogies nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm tus ncaim mus. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub eulogy ua raws li ib tug parting lo lus thiab ib tug kos npe rau ntawm kev hwm rau cov tuag.
