Txhua tus angiosperms muaj paj. Cov no yog hloov tua tua. Thiab qee cov nroj tsuag tsim ib lub paj, thiab qee qhov - tag nrho inflorescences.
Pab yog dab tsi?
Qhov no tsis yog ib qho kev hloov kho cais, tab sis tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv, los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov noob raug tsim. Inflorescences feem ntau yog cais los ntawm cov kab mob vegetative ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Kev faib tawm ntawm inflorescences
Lawv tuaj yeem faib raws li qhov muaj nplooj ntawm lawv, nyob ntawm seb cov ceg ntawm cov ceg, raws li kev taw qhia ntawm kev qhib lub paj, raws li hom ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab raws li hom apical meristems..
Hom inflorescences nyob ntawm qib ntawm cov ceg
Qhov no yog qhov kev faib ntau tshaj plaws. Inflorescence hom cais siv cov qauv no suav nrog hauv cov lus qhia txog biology hauv tsev kawm.
Raws li qhov kev faib no, inflorescences tuaj yeem ua tau, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, yooj yim thiab complex.
Yooj yim thiab complex inflorescences
Yooj yim yog cov uas muaj ib lub paj raws lub ntsiab axis.
Cov tsis yooj yim yog cov uas cov ceg yog peb lossis ntau qhov kev txiav txim loj.
Rau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm txhua pawg ntawm inflorescences, saib cov lus hauv qab no:
| Simple | Type | Kev piav qhia |
| txhuam | Paj tau muab faib sib npaug ntawm tag nrho cov axis. Lawv cog rau ntawm pedicels. | |
| Spike | Paj kuj loj hlob ntau dua lossis tsawg dua tus kheej raws li qhov ntev ntawm lub axis. Txawm li cas los xij, xws li inflorescence txawv ntawm cov txhuam hniav uas cov paj tsis muaj pedicels. | |
| Shield | Nov yog hom txhuam. Nyob rau hauv lub corymb, lub pedicels qis dua, kom tag nrho cov paj kab nyob rau hauv kab rov tav. | |
| Umbrella | Qhov no, zoo li ntau lwm yam yooj yim ntawm inflorescences, yog hloov txhuam. Nws axis yog luv, lub pedicels tsis nyob raws nws tag nrho ntev, tab sis tag nrho cov loj hlob los ntawm sab saum toj. Lawv yog cov ntev tib yam, thiab cov paj nyob rau hauv ib yam dab tsi zoo li lub kaus dome. | |
| Lub axis ntawm xws li inflorescence muaj lub club zoo li cov duab. Nws luv luv. Cov paj tau npaj ntau dua lossis tsawg dua tus kheej raws nws tag nrho ntev. Tsis muaj pedicels. | ||
| pob tawb | Qhov kawg ntawm axis ntawm xws li inflorescence yog heev overgrown. Nws hloov mus ua ib lub txaj rau ntau lub paj kaw ntom ntom. | |
| Ntawm no yog lub pob ntseg hloov kho nrog qhov tuab tuab heev. | ||
| Complex | Panicle | Branched inflorescence. Lub degree ntawm branching txo mus rau sab saum toj ntawm lub axis. |
| Complex shield | Ib qho hloov kho ntawm hom yav dhau los ntawm inflorescence. Lub internodes ntawm lub ntsiab qag yog luv. | |
| Ntawm cov axis ntau lossis tsawg sib npaugpob ntseg yooj yim. | ||
| Complex umbrella | Tsim los ntawm ntau lub kaus yooj yim sib sau ua ke ntawm lub ntsiab axis. |
Yog li peb saib ntawm hom loj ntawm inflorescences. Lawv txhua tus yuav tsum paub. Tam sim no cia peb tham txog cov nroj tsuag uas muaj qee yam inflorescences.
Cov nroj tsuag twg muaj inflorescences?
Cia peb saib cov hom nroj tsuag uas muaj inflorescences tham saum toj no.
Piv txwv li, ib tsob nroj xws li lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav primrose muaj lub kaus paj ntawm paj, thaum pob kws muaj pob ntseg.
Cia peb saib lub rooj kom ntxaws ntxiv.
| Nyob ntawm inflorescences | Piv txwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag |
| txhuam | Txhua cov nroj tsuag cruciferous xws li cabbage, turnip, watercress, shepherd's purse |
| Spike | Lyubka, plantain, verbena, sedge |
| Shield | Pear |
| Umbrella | |
| Clover | |
| pob tawb | Ntau Compositae xws li paj noob hlis, aster, thiab lwm yam. |
| pob kws | |
| Panicle | Lilac, spirea |
| Complex shield | Millenium, roob tshauv |
| Nplej, wheatgrass, barley | |
| Complex umbrella |
Lwm kev faib tawm ntawm inflorescences
Nyob ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm bractsPeb pawg yog qhov txawv ntawm inflorescences:
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg;
- bracteose;
- frondose.
Inflorescences ntawm thawj pab pawg tsis muaj bracts. Hom no suav nrog cov nroj tsuag cruciferous, nrog rau lwm cov nroj tsuag, xws li radish qus.
Nyob rau hauv bractose inflorescences, bracts muaj scaly zoo li. Lilac, cherry, lily ntawm hav muaj xws li.
Frondous inflorescences muaj bracts nrog cov phiaj zoo tsim. Xws li cov nroj tsuag xws li loosestrife, fuchsia, violets, thiab lwm yam.
Nyob ntawm hom kev loj hlob thiab kev taw qhia ntawm kev qhib paj, inflorescences tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg:
- cymose;
- rational.
thawj paj qhib nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm sab saum toj ntawm lub axis mus rau nws lub hauv paus. Cov pab pawg cymose suav nrog cov nroj tsuag xws li lungwort.
Nyob rau hauv hom kev ntxub ntxaug, cov paj qhib nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm axis mus rau nws sab saum toj. Cov no yog cov nroj tsuag xws li, piv txwv li, tus tswv yug yaj lub hnab nyiaj, nrog rau Ivan-tshuaj yej thiab lwm yam.
Thiab qhov kawg kev faib tawm ntawm inflorescences - nyob ntawm seb hom apical meristems. Cov no yog cov ntaub so ntswg kev kawm nyob rau saum lub tua. Raws li kev faib tawm no, muaj ob pawg ntawm inflorescences:
- qhib;
- kaw.
Qhib tseem hu ua indeterminate. Nyob rau hauv lawv, apical meristems nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv ib tug vegetative lub xeev. Hyacinths, lilies ntawm lub hav, thiab lwm yam. muaj xws li inflorescences.
Tseem kawhu ua txhais. Apical paj yog tsim nyob rau hauv lawv los ntawm apical meristems. Xws li muaj, piv txwv li, lungwort, tswb.
