Biotite (lwm lub npe yog hlau mica) yog cov ntxhia mos thiab elastic uas tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb crust, nws feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm muscovites thiab feldspars. Peb tsab xov xwm yuav qhia koj ntau ntxiv txog keeb kwm, ntau yam thiab cov khoom ntawm biotite ntxhia. Los ntawm nws koj kuj tseem yuav kawm txog qhov twg lub pob zeb no siv thiab kho qhov zoo li cas nws muaj.
Biotite: chav dej ntxhia thiab keeb kwm ntawm lub npe
Kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub muaj txog 4 txhiab cov zaub mov txawv hauv ntiaj teb. Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias thaum koj tab tom nyeem tsab xov xwm no, lawv cov npe yuav raug muab ntxiv nrog cov qauv tshiab. Txhua xyoo, geologists pom 50-60 cov zaub mov tshiab. Tab sis hauv kab lus no peb yuav tham txog tsuas yog ib qho ntawm lawv - biotite.
Cov ntxhia tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb Fabkis nto moo Jean Baptiste Biot. Nws yog nws thawj zaug koom nrog kev kawm ntxaws txog nws lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Xyoo 1847 biotite yogtau sau npe thiab ntxiv rau daim ntawv teev npe mineralogical.
Cov ntxhia biotite belongs rau chav kawm ntawm silicates. Subclass - txheej silicates thiab aluminosilicates. Tsev neeg - micas. Txij li thaum biotite tuaj yeem muaj txog li 50% hlau oxide, nws kuj tseem hu ua hlau mica.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntxhia
Biotite yog heterogeneous heev nyob rau hauv nws cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Feem ntau nws muaj cov tshuaj hauv qab no thiab cov khoom sib txuas:
- Divalent hlau oxide (FeO).
- Trivalent iron oxide (Fe2O3).
- Silicon dioxide (SiO2).
- Potassium oxide (K2O).
- Aluminium oxide (Al2O3).
- dej.
Magnesium oxide (MgO).
feem pua ntawm txhua qhov sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem sib txawv. Lwm yam impurities (lithium, manganese, strontium thiab lwm yam) kuj muaj nyob rau hauv biotite. Nyob ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov xim ntawm cov ntxhia tuaj yeem yog xim dub, bronze, liab, tsaus ntsuab lossis daj.
Basic zog ntawm biotite:
- Cov ntxhia yog hloov tau thiab elastic, stratifies rau hauv nyias nplooj.
- Hardness 2 txog 3 (Mohs scale).
- Density 2.8 txog 3.4 g/cm3.
- Shine iav.
- Monoclinic syngony.
- Pob tshab hauv daim hlau nyias thiab opaque hauv cov muaju loj.
- Melted by tswm ciab hluav taws.
- Reacts nrog sulfuric acid.
- Fades tawm thaum raug tshav ntuj ncaj qha mus ntev.
Keeb kwm thiab kev faib tawm hauv xwm
Cov ntxhia biotite yog tsim los ntawm kev ua tshuaj lom neeg ntawm hornblende thiab augite. Nws pom nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv qhov xwm txheej (raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lamellar lossis columnar daim ntawv) thiab ua rau li 2.5% ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub ntiaj teb crust.
Biotite yog pob zeb tsim pob zeb rau granites, trachytes, granodiorites. Dav dav hauv pegmatites, pom nyob rau hauv ntau pob zeb ntawm metamorphic keeb kwm. Feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb crust ib sab ntawm quartz, muscovite, augite thiab feldspar. Lub ntsiab biotite deposits yog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, Ltalis, Russia, Norway thiab Canada. Cov pob zeb zoo nkauj heev kuj tau mined hauv Tanzania, Greenland thiab Alaska.
ntau yam tseem ceeb
Raws li cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm qee yam impurities, geologists paub ntau yam ntawm biotite. Peb teev cov feem ntau ntawm lawv:
- Meroxen tsis tshua muaj hlau.
- Rubellan pom tshwj xeeb hauv cov pob zeb effusive (lava). Nws yog qhov txawv ntawm cov cib nplua nuj lossis xim av xim.
- Bauerite (los yog "miv kub") yog cov xim bronze-xim av.
- Lepidomelane yog cov ntxhia uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm hlau oxides, muaj xim dub.
- Siderophyllite yog cov ntxhia uas muaj cov ntsiab lus magnesium tsawg kawg thiab feem pua ntawm cov hlau. Xim los ntawm tsaus xim avrau dub.
- Glauconite muaj cov crystals ntsuab uas tau hloov pauv vim yog kev sib cuag nrog dej hiav txwv ntev. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb txiav glauconite rau hauv cov ntxhia ywj pheej, tsis xav txog nws ntau yam biotite.
Kev siv cov biotite
Ib yam ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av (phlogopite), vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb insulating zog thiab tsis kam mus rau qhov kub thiab txias, yog dav siv hauv xov tooj cua engineering thiab electronics. Cov ntxhia biotite kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kub. Nws kuj yog ib feem ntawm qee cov chiv.
Ntau yam khoom siv ntoo yog kab nrog hlau mica. Biotite hmoov yog ntxiv rau cov xim thiab enamels kom lawv ci, nrog rau cov hmoov thiab qhov muag ntxoov ntxoo. Qee zaum nws yog siv los ua glitter rau cov khoom ua si thiab kho kom zoo nkauj. Biotite kuj tseem siv rau hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, hauv kev tsim cov pendants, bracelets thiab lwm yam hniav nyiaj hniav kub tsim. Cov neeg sau pob zeb mus yos hav zoov rau tus kheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov qauv loj thiab zoo nkauj.
Cov ntxhia kuj siv rau kev tshawb fawb. Tshwj xeeb, hauv geology, nws yog siv los txiav txim lub hnub nyoog thiab tej yam kev mob rau kev tsim ntawm tej pob zeb.
Yaj khawv koob thiab kho pob zeb
Raws li lithotherapists (lithotherapy - kho nrog pob zeb), biotite muaj ntau yam kev kho mob. Qhov no yog lub peev xwm los daws kev ntxhov siab, thiab txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab ntxiv dag zog rau cov plaub hau thiab rau tes. Cov ntxhia kuj normalizes tib neeg cov ntshav qab zib.
Cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm biotite feem ntau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov xim ntawm cov ntxhia tshwj xeeb. Yog li, ib lub pob zeb ntsuab pab ib tug neeg kom tshem tawm ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab kev paub. Liab biotite rov qab los ntshav siab thiab kev hlub rau lub neej ntawm ib khub niam txiv, bronze - attracts hmoov zoo thiab nyiaj txiag noj qab nyob zoo rau lub tsev. Pob zeb dub yog siv los tsim kev xav.
Ntau tus neeg ua khawv koob thiab cov kws qhia hmoov zoo siv biotite hauv lawv cov kab ke sib txuas lus nrog lub zog siab dua. Astrologers paub tseeb tias lub pob zeb no haum rau tag nrho cov cim ntawm lub zodiac. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom zoo kom hnav los ntawm cov neeg uas npau suav ntawm kev txhim kho lawv lub peev xwm ntawm lub hlwb.
