1 Qib: Technology hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab

Cov txheej txheem:

1 Qib: Technology hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab
1 Qib: Technology hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab
Anonim

Ib tug menyuam, dhau los ua menyuam kawm ntawv, tseem tau txais cov txuj ci ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo nrog nws tus kheej txhais tes ntawm kev qhia thev naus laus zis, lossis, raws li lawv tau hu ua hauv Soviet lub sijhawm, kev qhia ua haujlwm. Hauv tsev kawm ntawv theem pib, nruab nrab ntawm hnub nyoog 7 thiab 10, cov tub ntxhais kawm kawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntawm tes thiab txhim kho lawv cov txuj ci yav dhau los (hauv qib kindergarten). Peb hais kom txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua rau Technology program zoo siab thiab txaus siab rau thawj qib. Cov lus qhia zoo li no yuav txaus siab rau cov tub ntxhais hluas.

Technology program Qib 1
Technology program Qib 1

Technology hauv qib 1

Kev kawm "Technology" muaj cov tswv yim qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam. Qhov kev kawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov menyuam kawm ntawv txoj kev ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kawm. Cov ntsiab lus "Technology" muaj tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev kawm (qhov teeb meem, kev taw qhia hauv nws, kev npaj, nrhiav txoj hauv kev los daws nws, pom qhov tshwm sim). Tus me nyuam, xyaum nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm technology, tsim ib tug algorithm ntawm kev ua kom raugkev kawm thiab lwm yam kev kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv cov lus qhia thev naus laus zis yog ib qho kev txhim kho ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab tsim nws tus kheej zoo uas tseem ceeb hauv zej zog.

Chav kawm ntawm cov kev kawm "Technology" (kev kawm ntawm qib 1) raws li Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Kawm Txuj Ci - Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Kawm Txuj Ci tau tsim. GEF tau ua haujlwm hauv peb lub tebchaws txij li xyoo 2011. Muaj cov kev qhia txog technology (Qib 1) ntawm "Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Russia" raws li Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Kawm Txuj Ci, "Kev Pom Zoo" thiab lwm yam kev qhia kev kawm.

Technology npaj 1 chav kawm
Technology npaj 1 chav kawm

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb hauv tsev kawm theem qis

Technology tshooj kawm ua raws cov haujlwm thiab cov hom phiaj. Ntawm lawv:

  • kev paub txog lub ntiaj teb ib puag ncig raws li daim duab holistic, nkag siab txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm tib neeg thiab xwm;
  • txhim kho kev zoo nkauj thiab kos duab saj, piv txwv li kev xav, kev loj hlob ntawm kev muaj tswv yim;
  • kev paub txog lub teb chaws ntau haiv neeg thiab kev hlub tshua, raws li kev paub nrog cov neeg ntawm Russia thiab lawv cov khoom siv tes ua;
  • mastering ntau yam kev txawj ua haujlwm thiab kev muaj peev xwm, nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, tsim lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsim thiab kev txawj ntse siv daim duab qhia kev thev naus laus zis;
  • tsim lub luag haujlwm rau qhov zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm;
  • muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm hauv cov xwm txheej tshiab thiab nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, kev txhawb siab rau qhov txiaj ntsig zoo;
  • kos ib lub phiaj xwm nqis tes ua thiab yuav ua li cas;
  • kev paub txog kev koom tes, hwm lwm tus neeg txoj kev xav, kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm tus menyuam hauv txoj cai;
  • formationtus kheej kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov khoom thiab kev ua hauj lwm, paub txog nws shortcomings thiab zoo.

kwv yees tus qauv ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis hauv Qib 1

Tam sim no cia peb tham ntxiv txog tus qauv. Cov kev qhia siv thev naus laus zis hauv qib 1 (raws li Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Kawm Txuj Ci Kev Kawm Txuj Ci) qhia txog tus kws qhia ntawv lub koom haum ua haujlwm hauv zaj lus qhia thiab kev tsim cov hom phiaj ntawm zaj lus qhia. Cov qauv ntawm cov kev qhia siv thev naus laus zis yuav suav nrog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:

  • theoretical (qhia ib feem ntawm zaj lus qhia, lus thiab piav qhia ntawm lub ncauj lus);
  • kev paub txog cov khoom siv, kev soj ntsuam thiab kev sim (kev paub nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab lawv cov khoom, yog tias tsim nyog, kev ua qauv qhia ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub sijhawm yog ua tiav);
  • tsom xam ntawm tus qauv ntawm cov khoom lossis nws tus kheej qhov chaw (kev nkag siab ntawm cov khoom, nws cov qauv thiab lub hom phiaj);
  • kos ib txoj kev npaj rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam (cov lus qhia luv luv los ntawm tus kws qhia, sib tham nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm qhov ua ntu zus);
  • qhov ua tau zoo (kev paub thiab ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm raws li lub hom phiaj);
  • qhov kawg (sums up the results of the development of theoretical and practical classes, analysis of the results of the work).
Technology qib 1 ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Russia
Technology qib 1 ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Russia

Piv txwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntuj

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo kawm ntawv, nws raug nquahu kom pib kawm thev naus laus zis rau qib 1 nrog kev kawm txog xwm txheej dav dav thiab cov khoom siv ntuj tsim. Rau kev xyaum ua haujlwm ntawm lub ncauj lus "Nature thiab peb" yog muab los ntawm 5 mus rau 7 teev. Thawj 1-2 zaj lus qhia raws li cov phiaj xwm "Technology" Qib 1 tau mob siab raudestinations:

  1. Nyob nroog thiab nyob deb nroog. Neeg tsim ntiaj teb.
  2. Creativity thiab natural material.

Lub sijhawm tom ntej no tau mob siab rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv ntuj tsim. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov haujlwm no yuav suav nrog cov ntsiab lus xws li hom thiab cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim, cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev ua haujlwm nrog lawv, kev sau thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm kev cia kom zoo, ziab, pleev xim ntawm cov khoom ntuj. Cov ntsiab lus rau kev coj ua cov lus qhia txog lub ntsiab lus "Nature thiab peb" tuaj yeem ua raws li hauv qab no:

  1. Appliques los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg nplooj thiab noob. Raws li kev kos duab ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem siv cov khoom txiav tawm los ntawm cov ntawv xim, nrog rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj siv cov xim dej.
  2. Ua cov duab (tsiaj, kab, txiv neej, nceb) los ntawm twigs, cones, chestnuts, acorns. Cov khoom pab - plasticine.
  3. Cov nplooj thiab nplooj. Kos duab los ntawm lawv.
1st class technology
1st class technology

Piv txwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog plasticine

Rau cov lus qhia thev naus laus zis hauv qib 1, mob siab rau ua haujlwm nrog plasticine, 4-5 teev qhia tuaj yeem faib. Tus kws qhia ntawv raug pom zoo kom qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm thawj zaug txog cov khoom ntawm plasticine, txog qhov raug, raug ua haujlwm nrog nws (siv rab riam tshwj xeeb thiab daim phiaj) thiab qhia cov tswv yim yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv no.

Cov kev xaiv rau kev ua haujlwm nrog plasticine muaj ntau haiv neeg. Piv txwv li, rau thawj zaj lus qhia, ua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm plasticine yog tsim nyog. Cov duab yooj yim ntawm cov kua los yog pear ua los ntawm plasticine ntawm cov xim sib xws yog nyob rau hauv lub hwj chimyuav ua rau txhua tus me nyuam. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum ua kom pom cov qauv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tom qab ntawd qhia yuav ua li cas txiav tawm qhov zoo ntawm plasticine thiab cov duab zoo li cas (lub voj voog, oval, pear-puab) kom muab qhov khoob. Ua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tawm ntawm cov xim av thiab ntxiv cov nplooj ntsuab tiaj tus rau kev zoo nkauj.

Nws yuav nyuaj dua los ua tus kab ntsig yas, vim cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum yob cov kev sib txuas ntawm nws lub cev thiab ua kom lawv loj tib yam, thiab tom qab ntawd khi lawv ua ke. Lub taub hau yuav tsum muaj qhov muag, lub qhov ncauj, lub qhov ntswg kab ntsig, thiab kav hlau txais xov.

Ib qho kev nthuav qhia ntawm zaj lus qhia hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm "kos duab nrog plasticine" yuav nthuav. Qhov no yog dov ntawm flagella los ntawm plasticine, nrog rau tom qab tso ntawm cov bundles ntawm ib daim ntawv nrog ib tug trace contour (piv txwv li, npauj npaim, nceb, snowman, thiab lwm yam). Nws hloov tawm ib hom kev kos duab peb sab.

paper making

Qhov chaw loj ntawm chav kawm thev naus laus zis 1 chav kawm "Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Russia", kwv yees li 15-16 teev, mob siab rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Tus menyuam hauv cov lus qhia no (nrog tus kws qhia ntawv) yuav tsum muaj peev xwm npaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm, paub cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb ntawm txiab, kawm cov txuj ci tshiab (txiav, gluing, thiab lwm yam).

technology class 1 fgos
technology class 1 fgos

Hom ntawv ua haujlwm suav nrog ua cov khoom siv, ua haujlwm nrog cov qauv, txiav tawm, quilling, ua origami thiab ntawv dai kom zoo nkauj rau Xyoo Tshiab, ua duab peb sab los ntawm cov ntaub qhwv lub pob thiab ntau ntxiv.

Appliques, mosaics thiab ntawv dai kom zoo nkauj

Applique xaiv tau ua rautechnology hauv chav kawm 1, tej zaum yuav muaj ntau yam. Los ntawm qhov yooj yim, qhov loj cov ntsiab lus tsis tas yuav filigree txiav (lub vase ntawm paj, snowman, ib lub tsev) mus rau complex compositions (underwater ntiaj teb no, toj roob hauv pes, dai kom zoo nkauj tsob ntoo Christmas, paj meadow, thiab lwm yam). Ua ntej yuav ua daim ntawv thov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau ua ib daim duab kos duab.

Volumetric mosaics tuaj yeem ua tau siv cov txheej txheem tawg, ua raws li gluing cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm ob peb xim. Daim duab rau cov mosaics yuav tsum loj txaus thiab schematic (ntses, nkoj, tsheb, paj, thiab lwm yam) thiab kuj kos nrog ciam teb rau tus me nyuam.

Technology Qib 1 Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Russia
Technology Qib 1 Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Russia

Cov hlaws dai ua los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntawv xim thiab cov paj daus ntawm lub qhov rais, paub cov niam txiv txij thaum yau, tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau niaj hnub no. Ua tib zoo txiav tawm strips ntawm cov ntawv xim nplaum nplaum ua ke hauv cov nplhaib zoo kawg nkaus txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo. Thiab txiav snowflakes qhia ua siab ntev thiab ua siab ntev. Txhawm rau kom yooj yim, tus qauv snowflake yuav tsum tau kos ua ntej.

Ua haujlwm nrog textiles thiab accessories

Cov lus qhia txog kev siv tshuab ntsig txog textiles suav nrog 5-6 teev ntawm kev kawm. Hauv cov chav kawm no, tus menyuam kawm paub txog cov ntaub, cov tswv ua haujlwm nrog lawv, kawm txog kev ntsuas kom ua haujlwm ruaj ntseg nrog rab koob thiab txiab, thiab kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav.

Ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv textile rau qib 1, ib leeg tuaj yeem ua ib tus menyuam roj hmab rag, paub qhov yooj yim ntawm cov seams, xaws ntawm cov nyees khawm, yooj yim paj ntaub, paj ntaub nrog cov hlaws loj.

Kev Kawm Txuj Ci Qib 1
Kev Kawm Txuj Ci Qib 1

Dolls, khawm thiab stitches

Ua ib tug menyuam roj hmab hauv zaj lus qhiatechnology yuav xav tau lub teeb ntuj ntaub los yog gauze, xim daim ntaub, paj rwb muab tub lim, txiab thiab xov. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm ib tug square piece ntawm lub teeb ntaub, koj yuav tsum tau muab ib tug me me daim ntawm paj rwb ntaub plaub, thiab nrog kev pab los ntawm threads tsim lub taub hau thiab tes ntawm tus menyuam roj hmab. Kos nws lub ntsej muag. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov xim pleev xim, ua ib lub tsho thiab lub taub hau rau tus menyuam roj hmab.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov chav kawm textile yuav tsum tau muab rau kev tsim cov seams. Basic stitches: Plain plooj, Straight stitch, Snake stitch, kauv stitch.

Yog cov me nyuam twb tau txawj xaws cov nyees khawm, koj tuaj yeem sim ua pob paj ntaub nrog lawv ua tus dais cub, paj, kab ntsig, tus txiv neej, thiab lwm yam.

Pom zoo: