Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tag nrho, uas tau muab faib ua lub zog muaj txiaj ntsig lossis ua kom muaj zog thiab seem seem hu ua reactive zog. Kab lus yuav qhia koj seb nws yog dab tsi thiab nws suav li cas rau.
Residual zog: nws yog dab tsi?
Txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog sawv cev los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv. Lawv yog cov uas siv hluav taws xob. Cov no suav nrog reactive cable txuas, capacitor thiab transformer windings.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm ntws alternating tam sim no, reactive electromotive rog yog indexed ntawm cov resistances, uas tsim ib tug reactive tam sim no.
Kev teeb tsa thiab cov khoom siv uas tsim cov kev hloov pauv tam sim no siv lub zog reactive hauv lub mains, uas tsim ib qho chaw sib nqus ntawm hluav taws xob.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm inductive reactance ntawm kev tsim cov hlau nplaum
Txhua yam khoom siv uas siv los ntawm lub ntsiab muaj qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Nws yog ua tsaug rau nws hais tias cov cim ntawm tam sim no thiab voltage yog opposite. Piv txwv li, qhov voltage yogCov cim tsis zoo thiab qhov tam sim no yog qhov zoo, lossis rov ua dua.
Lub sijhawm no, cov hluav taws xob tsim tawm hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv kev cia, oscillates los ntawm lub network vim yog lub nra ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab rov ua dua. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua reactive zog, uas tsim ib tug magnetic teb ntawm hluav taws xob teb.
reactive zog rau dab tsi?
Nws tuaj yeem hais tias nws yog tsom rau kev tswj hwm cov kev hloov pauv uas hluav taws xob ua rau hauv lub network. Cov no suav nrog:
- tuav lub teb sib nqus thaum lub sijhawm inductance hauv Circuit Court;
- yog tias muaj cov kab hluav taws xob thiab cov xaim, txhawb nqa lawv cov nqi.
Teeb meem hauv kev tsim lub zog reactive
Yog tias muaj kev sib faib loj ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob hauv lub network, ces koj yuav tsum:
- nce lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsim los hloov hluav taws xob ntawm ib tus nqi hluav taws xob rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm lwm tus nqi hluav taws xob;
- nce kab kab;
- tawm tsam nce lub zog poob hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov kab sib kis;
- nce nqi siv hluav taws xob;
- combat fais fab tuag.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm lub zog nquag thiab rov ua haujlwm?
Tib neeg siv los them cov hluav taws xob uas lawv siv. Lawv them rau lub zog siv rau qhov chaw cua sov, ua noj, cua sov hauv chav dej (leej twg siv lub tshuab rhaub dej ib leeg) thiab lwm yam muaj txiaj ntsighluav taws xob zog. Nws yog tus hu ua active.
Lub zog nquag thiab rov ua haujlwm sib txawv ntawm qhov kawg yog lub zog ntxiv uas tsis siv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig. Hauv lwm lo lus, lawv ob leeg tsim muaj lub zog tag nrho. Raws li, nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov neeg siv khoom them nyiaj, ntxiv rau lub zog ua haujlwm, kuj muaj lub zog reactive hauv daim phiaj hluav taws xob, thiab nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg muag khoom uas lawv them rau tag nrho cov peev txheej. Puas muaj peev xwm daws tau qhov teeb meem no? Cia peb saib qhov no.
ntsuas kev siv hluav taws xob li cas?
ntsuas lub zog siv, siv lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ua haujlwm thiab rov ua haujlwm. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muab faib ua meters nrog ib theem thiab peb theem. Lawv txawv li cas?
Ib-theem meters yog siv los suav cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom siv rau kev xav tau hauv tsev. Lub zog yog muab los ntawm ib theem tam sim no.
Peb-theem meter yog siv los ntsuas lub zog tag nrho. Lawv raug cais raws li lub tswv yim muab hluav taws xob ua peb- thiab plaub-xaim.
Txhim kho cov txee los ntawm txoj kev lawv tig
Txoj kev uas lawv tig mus, lawv muab faib ua peb pawg:
- Tsis txhob siv cov hloov pauv thiab txuas ncaj qha rau lub network los ntawm kev sib txuas ncaj qha metres.
- Nrog kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis ncaj ncaj tau hloov pauv.
- Cov txee ntawm kev sib txuas ncaj qha. Lawv txuas nrog lub network tsis yog siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tam sim no xwb, tab sis kuj tseem siv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob.
Kev sib txawvsuav los ntawm txoj kev them nyiaj
Raws li txoj kev them nqi hluav taws xob, nws yog ib txwm ua kom faib cov meters rau hauv pawg hauv qab no:
- Meters raws li kev siv ob lub tariffs - lawv cov txiaj ntsig yog tias cov nqi siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv thaum nruab hnub. Qhov ntawd yog, thaum sawv ntxov thiab nruab hnub nws tsawg dua thaum yav tsaus ntuj.
- Cov ntsuas them ua ntej - lawv txoj haujlwm yog raws li qhov tseeb tias tus neeg siv khoom them nyiaj hluav taws xob ua ntej, vim nws nyob hauv cov chaw nyob deb.
- Meters nrog qhov qhia txog qhov siab tshaj plaws - tus neeg siv khoom them cais rau lub zog siv thiab rau qhov siab tshaj plaws load.
puv lub zog ntsuas
Kev suav nyiaj rau lub zog muaj txiaj ntsig los txiav txim siab:
- Lub zog hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob hauv lub tshuab fais fab.
- Tus nqi ntawm lub zog uas siv rau ntawm tus kheej xav tau ntawm lub substation thiab fais fab nroj tsuag.
- Hluav taws xob siv los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.
- Zoo xa mus rau lwm lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
- Lub zog hluav taws xob, uas tau tsim los ntawm cov log tsheb ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob rau cov neeg siv khoom.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account reactive hluav taws xob thaum xa mus rau cov neeg siv khoom los ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv no raug suav thiab tswj xyuas hom kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv los them lub zog no.
lub zog seem nyob qhov twg?
Reactive zog meter nruab:
- Same place aspab tau lub zog ntsuas. Nruab rau cov neeg siv khoom uas them rau tag nrho lub zog uas lawv siv.
- Rau qhov chaw ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog reactive rau cov neeg siv khoom. Qhov no ua tiav yog tias koj yuav tsum tswj cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm.
Yog tus neeg siv tau tso cai tso lub zog ntxiv rau hauv lub network, ces lawv muab 2 lub txee rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov system uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo suav nrog. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, ib lub ntsuas hluav taws xob cais tau muab tso rau hauv tus account rau lub zog reactive.
Yuav txuag hluav taws xob li cas?
Ib lub cuab yeej txuag hluav taws xob yog nrov heev nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia no. Nws txoj haujlwm yog ua raws li kev tawm tsam ntawm cov hluav taws xob seem.
Nyob rau lub lag luam niaj hnub no koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam khoom siv zoo sib xws, uas yog raws li lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob uas coj hluav taws xob mus rau qhov raug.
Cov khoom txuag hluav taws xob coj lub zog no mus rau ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev.
Energy Efficiency
Rau qhov kev siv hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig, kev siv hluav taws xob rov ua haujlwm raug siv. Rau qhov no, capacitor units, hluav taws xob motors thiab compensators yog siv.
Lawv pab txo qis lub zog poob los ntawm cov hluav taws xob reactive ntws. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau theem ntawm kev thauj khoom thev naus laus zis poob ntawm kev faib hluav taws xob sib txuas.
Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub zog them nyiaj yog dab tsi?
Kev siv lub zog them nqi hluav taws xob tuaj yeem nqa cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauvkev npaj nyiaj txiag.
Raws li kev txheeb cais, lawv siv tau nce txog 50% kev txuag nyiaj hauv cov nuj nqis rau kev siv hluav taws xob hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm Lavxias Federation.
Nyiaj nqis peev siv rau lawv qhov kev teeb tsa them nyiaj hauv thawj xyoo ntawm kev siv.
Ntxiv rau, qhov twg cov kev teeb tsa no tau tsim, lub cable tau yuav nrog ib qho me me hla ntu, uas kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv capacitor
Kev siv cov khoom siv capacitor muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:
- poob qis me ntsis ntawm lub zog nquag.
- Tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
- Lawv yooj yim ua haujlwm nrog thiab ua haujlwm.
- Tus nqi nqis peev tsawg.
- Ua haujlwm ntsiag to.
- Lawv tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau txhua qhov chaw hauv lub network hluav taws xob.
- Koj tuaj yeem xaiv lub zog xav tau.
Qhov txawv ntawm cov capacitor units thiab compensators thiab synchronous motors yog cov lim-compensating units synchronously ua lub zog them nyiaj thiab ib feem txwv cov harmonics tam sim no nyob rau hauv compensated network. Tus nqi hluav taws xob yuav nyob ntawm seb lub zog them nyiaj ntau npaum li cas, thiab, raws li, ntawm tus nqi tam sim no.
Yuav ua li cas them nyiaj muaj?
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv capacitor units, cov nram qab no hom ntawm suppressed hwj chim yog txawv:
- Ib leeg.
- pab.
- Centralized.
Cia peb mus saib lawv txhua tus.
tus kheej lub zog
Condenser units yog nyob rau ntawm ib sab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hloov pauv tib lub sijhawm raws li lawv nyob.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom kev them nyiaj no yog kev vam khom ntawm lub sijhawm hloov ntawm lub capacitor unit los ntawm lub sijhawm pib ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua ntej ua haujlwm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tswj xyuas lub peev xwm ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab qhov inductance ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog tsim nyog los tiv thaiv resonant overvoltages.
pab pawg muaj zog
Lub npe hais tag nrho. Lub hwj chim no yog siv los them cov hwj chim ntawm ob peb inductive loads uas yog ib txhij txuas nrog tib lub switchgear nrog ib tug ntau capacitor bank.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm ib txhij tig ntawm lub load, lub coefficient nce, uas ua rau txo hwj chim. Qhov no ua rau kev ua haujlwm zoo dua ntawm chav tsev capacitor. Lub zog seem yog suppressed zoo dua li ntawm tus kheej lub zog.
Txoj kev tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog kev tshem tawm ib feem ntawm lub zog reactive hauv daim phiaj fais fab.
Centralized power
Tsis zoo li tus kheej thiab pab pawg lub zog, lub zog no hloov tau. Nws siv rau ntau yam kev siv hluav taws xob seem.
Lub reactive load tam sim no muaj nuj nqi plays lub luag hauj lwm loj hauv kev tswj lub hwj chim ntawm lub capacitor unit. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub installation yuav tsum tau nruab nrog ib tug tsis siv neeg regulator, thiab nws tag nrho cov nyiaj them zog yog muab faib mus rau hauv nyias switched kauj ruam.
Yuav ua li cas cov teeb meem ua capacitor units daws tau
Tau kawg, lawv feem ntau yog tsom rau kev tawm tsam lub zog, tab sis hauv kev tsim khoom lawv pab daws cov dej num hauv qab no:
- Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm suppressing reactive hwj chim, lub pom meej zog yog correspondingly txo, uas ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub load ntawm lub hwj chim transformers.
- Lub thauj khoom yog siv los ntawm ib lub cable nrog me me hla ntu, thaum lub rwb thaiv tsev tsis overheat.
- Nws tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv lub zog ua haujlwm.
- Tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib sib zog nqus poob ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob ntawm cov neeg siv khoom nyob deb.
- Kev siv lub zog ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob uas siv hluav taws xob mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws (nkoj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau geological tog, qhov chaw tsim kho, tshawb nrhiav drilling rigs, thiab lwm yam).
- Ib tus neeg them nyiaj yooj yim ua haujlwm ntawm induction motors.
- Thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, chav tsev condensing yuav kaw tam sim.
- Lub cua sov lossis qhov cua ntawm chav tsev cia li tig rau.
Muaj ob txoj kev xaiv rau cov khoom siv capacitor. Cov no yog cov qauv, siv hauv kev lag luam loj, thiab monoblock - rau cov lag luam me.
Reactive zog hauv daim phiaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov hluav taws xob. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim vim qhov poob ntawm qhov hluav taws xob hauv lub network thiab nce nqi roj.
Kev sib txuasNrog rau qhov no, cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm ntawm lub zog no tau siv zog. Lawv cov txiaj ntsig tsis yog kev txuag nyiaj zoo xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov hauv qab no:
- Kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nce ntxiv.
- Kev txhim kho hluav taws xob zoo.
- Txuag nyiaj ntawm cov kab ntsuas me me.
- Txuag kev siv hluav taws xob.
