Kev tsim ntawm kev sau ntawv los ntawm noob neej yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kab lis kev cai thiab kev kawm. Ua tsaug rau qhov pom ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv, nws tau los ua cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm thiab khaws cia rau ntau tiam neeg. Lub tswv yim ntawm cov ntawv sau yog txuam nrog kev tsim ntawm kev sau ntawv. Los ntawm tsab xov xwm koj tuaj yeem paub seb nws yog dab tsi, cov ntawv sau thaum ub tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no thiab cov ntsiab lus dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog kev kawm txog qhov tshwm sim kab lis kev cai no.
Yuav ua li cas sau ntawv
Lo lus "manuscript" yog muab los ntawm lo lus "tes" thiab "sau". Nws yog ib tug tracing-paper ntawm Latin lo lus "manuscript". Yog li, thawj daim ntawv sau yog ib qho haujlwm sau los ntawm tes. Qhov no feem ntau yog hais txog cov ntawv sau ua ntej lub sijhawm luam tawm.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no, lub tswv yim no dav dua. Ib tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm, txawm tias luam tawm ntawm lub tshuab ntaus ntawv lossis lub computer, ua ntej nws luam tawm thiab siv nws daim ntawv kawg, yog daim ntawv sau.
Piv txwv:"Tus kws sau ntawv xa nws cov ntawv sau rau tus tshaj tawm."
History
Thawj cov ntawv sau tau ua rau ntawm pob zeb lossis cov phiaj hlau. Cov ntawv ntawm lawv tau hollowed nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Pom tseeb, txoj kev kaw no tsis yooj yim heev.
Nyob hauv Npanpiloo lawv sau rau ntawm cov av nplaum. Cov tsiaj ntawv tau siv nrog ib tug taw tes - lub stylus.
Papyrus tau tsim nyob rau hauv Egypt thaum ub. Nws yog tsim los ntawm reed nroj tsuag.
kauj ruam tom ntej hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov ntawv sau yog kev tsim cov parchment, cov khoom muag muag los ntawm cov tawv nqaij tsiaj.
Thaum kawg, Tuam Tshoj thaum ub tau kawm ua ntawv. Nws yog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no uas feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv sau hauv ntiaj teb tau sau.
Cov ntawv sau qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb
Piv txwv ntawm cov ntawv sau ntawv qub tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm:
- Poem txog Gilgamesh (Nineveh, VIII - VII centuries BC).
- Phau Ntawv Tuag (Ancient Egypt, VI - I century BC).
- Code Sinaiticus (Sinai Peninsula, 6th caug xyoo BC).
- pob zeb diamond Sutra (Tuam Tshoj, 868 CE).
- Torah (pom nyob rau hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm Ltalis, XI xyoo pua AD).
Cov ntsiab lus ntsig txog cov ntawv sau
Muaj ntau lub tswv yim cuam tshuam nrog kev tshawb fawb sau ntawv.
Piv txwv li, paleography yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb uas kawm txog cov ntawv sau thaum ub thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kev sau ntawv.
Ib palimpsest yog hom codex, feem ntau sau rau ntawm parchment. Nws peculiarity yog tias cov ntawv sau keeb kwm ntawm nws tau muab tshem tawm, thiab tom qab ntawdsau dua tshiab. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm tus nqi siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau.
Vignette - ib qho ornament lossis kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm kev sau tes, feem ntau yog thaum pib lossis xaus.
Facsimile - ib qho kev luam tawm ntawm cov ntawv sau.
Konvolyut - kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv ib tsab ntawm ob peb phau ntawv yav dhau los luam tawm nyias.
Yog li ntawv, phau ntawv lossis ntawv sau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau los - txhua yam haujlwm sau los ntawm tes, niaj hnub no - luam los ntawm tus sau, tab sis tseem tsis tau luam tawm. Thawj cov ntawv sau ua ntej peb lub sijhawm cuam tshuam nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm kev sau.
