Mummy, Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws - tej zaum sawv daws hnov txog nws. Yog li ntau txhiab xyoo tau hla dhau qhov grey arrays ntawm qhov ntxa thiab pyramids, thiab lawv tseem nyiam thiab nyiam cov neeg los ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb. Mysteriousness, gloominess, extraordinary flourishing ntawm crafts, tsim tshuaj, exquisite culture thiab nplua nuj mythology - tag nrho cov no ua rau lub ancient lub teb chaws ciaj sia thiab nthuav.
Vim li cas cov tuag mummified
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov mummies ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws (duab ntawm ntau ntawm lawv ua rau koj shudder) yog ib tug cais tshwm sim uas tseem ua rau muaj kev sib cav sib ceg. Lawv puas tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej? Tom qab tag nrho, tom qab tag nrho, cov no tseem yog cov neeg tuag lub cev … Ua li ntawd, cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi hauv ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb tuaj yeem mus saib cov neeg tuag ntev, uas nws lub plhaub hauv ntiaj teb tau txais kev cawmdim ib nrab los ntawm kev tsis ncaj ncees. ntawm lub sijhawm. Vim li cas lawv thiaj tsim? Qhov tseeb yog hais tias cov ancients ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov ntawm ib tug neeg tom qab kev tuag ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm nws faus. Yog vim li cas luxurious tombs thiab pyramids tau tsimrau cov vaj uas muaj txhua yam uas yuav pab tau lawv tom qab kev tuag. Thiab tib yam vim li cas, cov neeg Iyiv tau sim cawm lub cev ntawm cov neeg tuag los ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Mummification tau tsim rau qhov no.
txheej txheem tsim ib tug mummy
Mummification yog kev khaws cia ntawm lub cev nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb thiab kev npaj thaum tswj kev ncaj ncees ntawm nws lub plhaub sab nrauv. Twb tau nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm 2nd thiab 4th dynasties, lub cev pib qhwv nrog ntaub qhwv, khaws cia los ntawm decomposition. Thaum lub sij hawm, lub mummy (Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv tsim lawv) tau pib ua ntau nyuaj thiab sophisticated: lub insides raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cev, thiab tshwj xeeb cov nroj tsuag thiab mineral npaj tau siv rau preservation. Nws ntseeg tau tias thaum lub sij hawm 18th thiab 19th dynasties, kos duab ntawm mummification mus txog nws qhov tseeb ncov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias lub mummy (Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws tsim ntau ntawm lawv) tuaj yeem ua tau ntau txoj hauv kev, uas txawv ntawm qhov nyuaj thiab nqi.
Historian zaj lus tim khawv
Historian Herodotus hais tias cov embalmers xam phaj cov txheeb ze ntawm cov neeg tuag, muab lawv xaiv ntau txoj hauv kev los khaws lub cev. Yog tias qhov kev xaiv kim kim, ces tus mummy tau ua los ntawm txoj kev no: ua ntej, ib feem ntawm lub hlwb raug tshem tawm (los ntawm lub qhov ntswg siv tus nuv hlau), cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb raug txhaj, lub plab hnyuv tau txiav tawm, lub cev. tau ntxuav nrog xibtes roj thiab rubbed nrog xyab. Lub plab yog ntim nrog myrrh thiab lwm yam tshuaj tsw qab (tshwj tsis yog siv) thiab sutured. Lub cev tau muab tso rau xya caum hnub nyob rau hauv dej qab zib lye, ces muab tawm thiab qhwv nyob rau hauv daim ntaub qhwv, lubricated nrog cov pos hniav es tsis txhob ntawm cov kua nplaum. Txhua yam, cov mummy tiav lawm (Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws qhia tau hais tias ntau ntawm lawv) tau muab rau cov txheeb ze, muab tso rau hauv ib tug sarcophagus thiab khaws cia rau hauv ib lub qhov ntxa.
Yog tias cov txheeb ze tsis tuaj yeem them tus nqi kim ntawm kev txuag thiab xaiv qhov pheej yig dua, cov kws ua haujlwm ua cov hauv qab no: lub cev tsis raug txiav tawm, tsuas yog cov roj cedar tau txhaj rau hauv lub cev, rhuav tshem txhua yam sab hauv, thiab lub cev tuag kuj muab tso rau hauv lye. Tom qab ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, lub withered thiab devoid ntawm entrails lub cev raug xa rov qab mus rau cov txheeb ze. Zoo, ib txoj kev pheej yig heev, rau cov neeg pluag, yog txhaj cov kua txiv radish rau hauv plab thiab tom qab pw hauv lye (tib 70 hnub) - rov qab mus rau cov txheeb ze. Muaj tseeb tiag, Herodotus tsis tau paub lossis tsis tau piav txog ob peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Ua ntej, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau paub meej tias cov neeg Iyiv tau tswj hwm lub cev qhuav dej li cas, ua kom txawj ntse heev. Qhov thib ob, lub siab yeej tsis raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cev, thiab cov seem ntawm sab hauv tau muab tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha tshwj xeeb khaws cia rau hauv lub qhov ntxa ntawm tus mummy.
Qhov kawg ntawm mummification
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias mummification tau khaws cia hauv tebchaws Iziv tau ntev heev thiab tau xyaum txawm tias tom qab kev qhia txog kev ntseeg. Raws li cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv, lub cev tsis tas yuav tsum tau khaws cia tom qab tuag, tab sis cov pov thawj tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa qhov no hauv lawv pab yaj. Tsuas yog Islam, uas tuaj tom qab, muab xaus rau lub creation ntawm mummies. Tam sim no ib daim duab ntawm lub mummy ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws yeej adorns lub catalog ntawm ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej loj uas muaj ib lub koom haum ntawm lub xeev qub.
