"Tsis muaj tus nplaig iab thiab tsis muaj tus nplaig qab zib," hais tias ib qho lus pov thawj Kurdish. Lawv yog dab tsi, lus Kurdish - ib hom lus nrov tshaj plaws ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj?
Kurds yog lus dab tsi?
Kurdish lus yog nyob rau pawg Iranian. Lawv pib los ntawm Median, tab sis nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog lawv tau cuam tshuam los ntawm Arabic, Persian, thiab tom qab cov lus Turkish. Tam sim no Kurdish tau hais los ntawm kwv yees li 20 lab tus tib neeg. Tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lawv, vim lawv hais lus sib txawv thiab siv cov tsiaj ntawv sib txawv.
Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov neeg Kurds nyob hauv thaj chaw uas muaj ntau lub tebchaws. Hauv Iran thiab Iraq, cov Kurds siv cov ntawv Arabic, hauv Qaib Cov Txwv, Syria thiab Azerbaijan - cov tsiaj ntawv Latin, thiab hauv Armenia - Armenian (txog 1946) thiab Cyrillic (txij li xyoo 1946). Cov lus Kurdish tau muab faib ua 4 hom lus - Sorani, Kurmanji, Zazai (dumili) thiab Gurani.
Cov lus Kurdish nyob qhov twg?
Cov lus Kurdish tshaj plaws hauv Qaib Cov Txwv, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Azerbaijan, Jordan thiab Armenia. 60% ntawm Kurds nyob rau hauv Qaib Cov Txwv, Northwestern Iran, qaum teb Iraq thiab Syria (Northwestern, Western, Southwestern thiabCentral Kurdistan), hais lus thiab sau ua lus Kurmanji. Kwv yees li 30% ntawm cov neeg Kurdish nyob hauv Western thiab Southeastern Iran, Eastern thiab Southeastern Iraq (South thiab Southeastern Kurdistan) siv cov lus Sorani. Tus so siv Zazai (Dumili) thiab Gurani (Southern Kurdish) dialects.
Kurdish lus: Basics
Rau cov neeg uas xav kawm lus Kurdish sai sai, Kurdish rau cov pib tshiab yog tsim nyog, uas suav nrog cov lus yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv Kurmanji, Sorani thiab South Kurdish.
Dem Bashi/Silav/Silam - Nyob zoo.
Choni?/Tu bashi?/Hasid? - Koj nyob li cas?
Chakim /Bashim/Hasim - Zoo heev.
Supas/Sipas/Sipas - Ua tsaug.
Weave/Tika wild/To hwa - Please.
Hwa legeli/Mal ava/Binishte hwash - Goodbye.
Min tom hosh davet - Kuv hlub koj.
So minit hosh davet? - Koj puas hlub kuv?
Vere bo ere/Vere - Come here/come here.
Bo que erroy - Koj mus qhov twg?
To chi dekey?/To kheriki cheat? - Koj ua dab tsi?
Echim bo ser kar - Kuv mus ua haujlwm.
Kay degerrieteve?/Kay deyteve? - Thaum twg koj yuav rov qab?
Herikim demeve; eve hatmeve/ez zivrim/le pisa tiemesh - Kuv rov qab los.
Kari to chi ye?/chi karek dekey? - Koj txoj haujlwm yog dab tsi?
Min Errom/Min Deve Birr - Kuv yuav mus…
Min bashim/ez bashim - Kuv nyob zoo.
Min bash nim/ez neye bashim/me hwes niyim - I'm all right/ - I'm not in the mood.
Ming tsis zoo - Kuv mob siab.
Chi ye/eve chie/eve ches? - Dab tsiqhov no?
Hitch/Chine/Hyuch - Nothing.
Birit ekem/min birya te kriye/hyurit kirdime - Kuv nco koj.
Deiteve; degereyteve/tu ye bi zirvi/tiyedev; gerredev? - Koj puas rov qab los?
Nyeem; nagerremeve/ez na zivrim/nyetiyemev; nyegerremev - Kuv yuav tsis rov qab.
Thaum sib txuas lus hauv ib yam lus tsis paub, tsis txhob hnov qab txog hom lus, uas yuav luag zoo ib yam hauv ntiaj teb no, nrog rau qee qhov kev zam. Koj tuaj yeem qhia meej rau lawv ua ntej mus rau lub tebchaws uas koj yuav sib txuas lus nrog cov Kurds.
Navi min… uh - Kuv lub npe yog…
Yek/du/se/chuvar/pench/shesh/heft/hasht/no/de/yazde/dvazde/sezde/sezde/charde/panzde/shanzde/khevde/hejde/nozde/bist - ib/ob/three /four/five/six/seven/eight/nine/ten/eleven/twelve/thirteen/fourteen/fourteen/fifteen/sixteen/seventeen/seventeen/eighteen/nineteen/twenty.
Duchshemme/Dushembe/Duchshem - Monday.
Sheshem/shemb/shesheme - Tuesday.
Chuvarsheme/charshemb/chvarsheme - Wednesday.
Pencheshemme/Pencheshem/Penscheme - Thursday.
Jumha/heini/jume - Friday.
Shemme/Shemi/Shem - Hnub Saturday.
Yekshemme/ekshembi/yeksheme - Sunday.
Zistan/zivistan/zimsan - Lub caij ntuj no.
Behar/Bihar/Vehar - Caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Havin/havin/tavsan - Summer.
Payez/payyz/payykh - Autumn.
Resources for learning Kurdish
Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los kawm cov lus Kurdish yog kev xyaum tas li, thiab kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws yog kev sib txuas lus nrog tus neeg hais lus ib txwm muaj. Nws tuaj yeem yog tus kws qhia ntawv thiab cov neeg zoo tib yam rau leej twgKurdish yog haiv neeg.
Koj tuaj yeem pom cov neeg zoo li no hauv pab pawg hauv kev sib raug zoo rau cov lus Kurdish thiab kab lis kev cai. Feem ntau muaj koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus qhia hauv video rau cov neeg pib tshiab, phau ntawv txhais lus thiab phau ntawv kab lus, saib cov duab nrog cov ntawv sau hauv Kurdish, nyeem cov paj huam qub thiab, yog tias muaj qee yam tsis meej, nug cov neeg hais lus.
Yog tias koj xav paub ntau dua nrog cov kab lis kev cai ntawm Kurds, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov pab pawg tshwj xeeb rau Kurdish suab paj nruag thiab zaub mov.
Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog tus neeg hais lus ib txwm muaj, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov chav kawm rau kev kawm tus kheej ntawm cov lus Kurdish.
