Kwv yees li 1% ntawm tag nrho cov pob zeb ntawm cov pob zeb uas muaj qhov tsis zoo nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb cov pob zeb yog cov pob zeb ntawm nepheline syenite pawg. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav saib lawv cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb: muaj pes tsawg leeg, khoom, genesis thiab ntau yam uas twb muaj lawm, thiab kuj nrhiav seb qhov twg cov breeds siv.
Systematics
Nepheline syenite yog lub pob zeb intrusive. Nws cov yam ntxwv ua tau raws li hauv qab no:
- Class - plutonic pob zeb;
- Detachment - pob zeb ntawm nruab nrab muaj pes tsawg leeg (silicic acid cov ntsiab lus ntawm 52 txog 63%);
- Suborder - me ntsis alkaline pob zeb;
- Tsev neeg - syenites;
- Type of rock - syenite.
Lub npe "nepheline" yog hais txog pob zeb tsim pob zeb. Syenites kuj tuaj yeem yog enstatite, hornblende, thiab lwm yam.
Mineral composition
Qhov feem ntawm cov zaub mov uas tsim cov pob zeb tuaj yeem hloov pauv, ua rau muaj coob tusntau yam. Feem ntau, cov ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm nepheline syenite yog raws li nram no:
- Feldspars (potassium) - orthoclase lossis microcline - los ntawm 65 txog 70%;
- Feldspathoids - nepheline - txog 20%;
- Xim cov zaub mov (tsuas yog alkaline pyroxenes, amphiboles, biotite lepidomelane) - 10 txog 15%.
Feldspathoids, suav nrog nepheline, zoo sib xws hauv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg rau feldspars, tab sis txawv ntawm lawv hauv cov ntsiab lus silica qis dua SiO2.
Xim cov zaub mov feem ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm alkaline pyroxenes thiab amphiboles, ferruginous biotite tuaj yeem muaj. Sphene, apatite, zircon, perovskite thiab lwm tus yog cov khoom siv ("ntxiv", tsis cuam tshuam rau cov pob zeb faib) cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pob zeb no tseem ceeb heev.
Chivkeeb thiab tshwm sim ntawm pob zeb
Kev tsim ntawm nepheline syenite yog txuam nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib sib zog nqus crystallization ntawm magma depleted hauv silicic acid. Nws kuj tseem muaj peev xwm hais tias qee lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb no yog alkaline metasomatic phenomena uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm intrusive massifs, tshwj xeeb, nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm feldspathizing (nephelinizing) hydrothermal daws. Yog li ntawd, lub pob zeb yog depleted nyob rau hauv silicon, uas yog, yuav luag tsis muaj quartz.
pob zeb no muaj ntau thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nws daim ntawv tshwm sim feem ntau yog loj stratified massifs (hauv Krasnoyarsk Territory, hauv Urals, txawv teb chaws - hauv South Africa, Canada, Greenland,Brazil). Intrusive lub cev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm laccoliths kuj tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim (piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub Khibiny ntawm lub Kola Peninsula) los yog stocks thiab veins txiav los ntawm lub enclosing carbonate strata.
Nepheline syenite
Lub pob zeb yog xim xim (muaj qhov ci ntawm li 85.5%), muaj xim ntsuab, daj lossis xim liab. Cov huab cua saum npoo yog qee zaum xiav. Qhov ceev ntawm pob zeb yog hais txog 2.6 g / cm3, Mohs hardness yog 6. Lub zog compressive yog siab heev, 180-250 MPa.
Cov qauv thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm nepheline syenite yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm plutonic pob zeb tsim nyob rau hauv qhov sib sib zog nqus aav ntawm lub crust. Cov qauv yog tag nrho-crystalline, feem ntau yog nruab nrab-grained. Qee zaum cov qauv tuaj yeem ua ntxhib-grained, tab sis tsis tshua muaj txaus. Cov kev ntxhib los mos yog feem ntau loj (homogeneous), ntom, nyob rau hauv ib co ntau yam - trachytoid (nrog subparallel kev npaj ntawm tabular feldspar nplej) los yog banded.
Ntau yam
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov mineralogical muaj pes tsawg leeg txiav txim siab muaj ntau (ntau lub kaum os) ntau yam ntawm nepheline syenite. Feem ntau yog cov hauv qab no:
- Foyaites yog leucocratic (lub teeb-xim) pob zeb ntawm coarse-grained qauv uas muaj albite, clinopyroxene, amphibole, tsawg dua olivine. Ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv yog cov av tsawg, titanium thiab zirconosilicates.
- Lujavrites yog pob zeb ntsuab-dub. Lawv kuj muaj alkaline pyroxene thiab amphibole, albite, thaum lub pob zeb yog supersaturated ntau tshaj.alkalis. Lujavrites yog enriched nyob rau hauv hlau, titanium, manganese thiab calcium, thiab ntau ntawm lawv yog enriched nyob rau hauv zirconium, niobium, thiab tsawg lub ntiaj teb cov ntsiab lus. Lawv muaj ib qho trachytoid lossis banded texture.
- Miaskites. Lawv muaj amphibole, biotite, albite, thiab qee zaum calcite. Accessory minerals muaj xws li ilmenite, zircon, apatite, titanite, garnet thiab corundum. Cov xim ntawm cov tsiaj tuaj yeem sib txawv - los ntawm lub teeb grey mus rau liab dawb thiab tsaus grey.
- Rishchorrites feem ntau yog cov pob zeb loj-grained loj ntawm cov xim daj lossis ntsuab-grey, kuj suav nrog biotite.
Nepheline syenite qauv duab hauv qab no yog foyaite los ntawm kev tso nyiaj hauv qab teb Portugal.
Applications
Tag nrho cov nepheline-muaj syenites yog cov ntxhia tseem ceeb thiab siv rau ntau yam kev lag luam.
Pob zeb nrog me me ntawm cov xim tsaus nti yog siv hauv ceramic thiab iav ntau lawm. Vim muaj cov khoom alkaline heev ntawm nepheline, lub pob zeb no yog cov khoom siv zoo heev rau cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb siv hauv cov tawv nqaij, textile thiab woodworking industries. Feem ntau ntawm cov poov tshuaj hauv syenite tso cai rau nws siv rau kev tsim cov chiv uas tuaj yeem deoxidize cov av.
Nepheline thiab feldspar yog nplua nuj nyob hauv txhuas. Yog hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm oxide ntawm cov hlau no nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb ncav cuag ntau tshaj 23%, xws li syenite yog ib qho ore rau txhuas.
Nepheline syenite yog siv los ua kev tu tus kheejanti-corrosion txheej rau steel thiab pob zeb ua qauv. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, vim nws lub zog siab thiab zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, nws ua haujlwm raws li cov khoom siv zoo heev thiab tau siv dav hauv kev tsim kho thiab ua tiav.
