Txhua ntu ntawm kev hais lus hauv Lavxias yog qhov tshwj xeeb hauv nws tus kheej: qee cov lus raug tsis lees paub, lwm tus tau sib txuas. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov neeg uas tsis xav hloov hauv txhua txoj kev, nyiam kom tsis txhob hloov pauv. Nws yog rau cov seem ntawm kev hais lus uas tus adverb belongs, uas sim tsis txhob poob nws originality nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv: lub adverb yog sau nrog ib tug hyphen, ua ke thiab cais. Dab tsi yog adverb los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm science ntawm hom lus?
Adverb as part of hais lus
Ib feem ntawm kev hais lus tuaj yeem ua raws li cov qauv sau ntawv, morphology thiab syntax.
- Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia. Ua ib qho kev ywj pheej ntawm kev hais lus, tus adverb denotes ib tug kos npe rau ntawm kev txiav txim yog hais tias nws yog hais txog cov lus qhia (hais lus nrov, ua zoo, txav mus qeeb), los yog ib tug kos npe rau ntawm lwm yam kos npe, yog hais tias tus adverb yog txuam nrog ib tug adjective, thiab. raws li nrog rau lwm adverb (hnyav heev, ceev heev, heev tsaus). Peb nug cov lus nug no rau ntu ntawm kev hais lus nyob ntawm seb qeb twg tus adverb belongs rau lub ntsiab lus.
- Morphological nta ntawm adverb. Raws li tau hais los saum no, cov lus qhia yeej tsis hloov pauv, nws tsis muaj poj niam txiv neej, tus lej, rooj plaub, nws tsis poob lossis sib txuas.
- Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia. Hauv kab lus, ib qho adverb feem ntau yog qhov xwm txheej. Tatyana teb cov lus nug (yuav ua li cas?) nrov nrov thiab ntseeg siab. Loudly thiab confidently - adverbs uas yog adverbs nyob rau hauv kab lus no.
Qhia cov lus qhia los ntawm tus nqi
Adverbs tuaj yeem qhia:
- ntawm txoj kev ua, ces lawv teb lo lus nug: ua li cas? ua li cas? - Suab nrov, ntxhi, nyob ze, phooj ywg;
- ntsuas thiab degree: mus li cas? npaum li cas? - me ntsis, heev, ntau dhau, kiag li;
- mus rau qhov chaw: los ntawm qhov twg? qhov twg? qhov twg? - Los ntawm deb, rov qab, ua ntej, saum toj;
- raws sijhawm: ntev npaum li cas? txij thaum twg? Ntev npaum li cas? thaum twg? - lig, ib txwm, caij nplooj ntoos hlav, twb;
- ntawm qhov laj thawj: vim li cas? los ntawm dab tsi? vim li cas? - dig muag, involuntarily;
- ntawm lub hom phiaj: rau dab tsi? vim li cas? - Txawm li cas los xij, txhob txwm ua, ntawm lub hom phiaj.
Basic way of forming adverbs
Feem ntau, adverbs yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug suffixal los yog prefix-suffixal txoj kev:
- los ntawm tag nrho lossis luv adjectives: ntev - nuj nqis o, zoo - zoo o, tshiab - los ntawm tshiab, qhuav - kom qhuav;
- los ntawm cov npe nrog kev pab ntawm cov lus ua ntej: rau ib puas xyoo, hauv qhov tob (ntxiv rau, qee lub npe nrog prepositions muaj lub ntsiab lus ntawm adverbs: nrog ib tug khiav, ntxiv rau, tsis nkees);
- lus qhuab qhia yog tau los ntawmCov lej thiab cov lus hais: hauv ob, hauv ob, thib ob, raws li qhov ntawd, raws li nws (nrog kev pab ntawm prefixes, adverbs yog tsim los ntawm lwm yam adverbs: tsis yooj yim sua - mus tsis tau, sab nraud - sab nraud).
Hyphen in adverbs
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov piv txwv, cov lus qhia tau sau ua ke, sib cais, los ntawm ib tus hyphen. Wb mus saib ze ze ntawm tus hyphenated spelling ntawm nqe lus no.
Yog li ntawd, thaum twg tus hyphen sau rau hauv adverbs? Firstly, yog hais tias tus adverb yog tsim los ntawm muaj pronouns thiab adjectives los ntawm ib txhij ntxiv ib tug prefix nyob rau hauv - thiab suffixes -om, -him, -and. Piv txwv li, ua raws li koj txoj kev, koj txoj kev, koj txoj kev, nyob hauv txoj kev tshiab, hnav zoo li lub caij ntuj sov, ua tus phooj ywg, sib koom ua ke, xuav zoo li tub sab.
Nyeem ua lus Lavxias, Fabkis, Turkish, Bulgarian - los ntawm kev ua piv txwv nrog cov lus qhia no, ib lo lus hauv Latin kuj sau nrog hyphen: hais lus Latin. Qee lub sij hawm lub adverb yog tsim los ntawm ib tug complex adjective uas muaj ib tug hyphenated spelling: Orekhovo-Zuevsky, non-commissioned tub ceev xwm. Nyob rau hauv lub adverb li no tau, lub hyphen yog sau tsuas yog tom qab lub prefix: nyob rau hauv Orekhovozuevsky, nyob rau hauv tsis-commissioned tub ceev xwm.
Secondly, ib tug hyphen yuav raug sau nyob rau hauv adverbs tsim los ntawm cov zauv nrog lub prefix v- (in-) thiab cov suffix - lawv (s): thawj - thawj, lub xya - xya, peb - nyob rau hauv - thib peb. Hyphens kuj txuas nrog cov lus xws li peb caug tsib, ib puas nees nkaum yim.
Thib peb, ib qho hyphen yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv adverbs uas muaj ib tug prefix ib yam dab tsi thiab suffixes -ether, -anything, -something, - somehow, some-one, some-where, somewhere-los yog ib hnub twg, qhov twg, zoo, tom qab tag nrho.
Fourthly, ib qho adverb tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev rov ua tib lo lus lossis tib lub hauv paus, nrog rau cov lus sib txuas lus sib txuas. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug hyphen yog sau ntawm adverbs: nyob ntsiag to, me ntsis, me ntsis los ntawm me me, crosswise, tsis hnub no los yog tag kis, npaj txhij txog, tsawg kawg, zoo dua los yog zoo dua.
Muab rau lub roob - lub ntsiab lus no tau muaj keeb kwm raug hyphenated: rau roob.
Thaum twg ib tug hyphen tsis sau nyob rau hauv adverbs?
Adverbs sau ua ke vim li ntawd, yog li ntawd, vim li cas, txij li lawv tsis raug tsim los ntawm cov lus muaj npe thiab cov lus qhia uas muaj cov lus ua ntej po- thiab suffixes -o, y: thib ob - txhua thib ob, feeb - txhua feeb, me - me me, ntev - ntev.
Adverbs tsim los ntawm cov npe rov qab sau cais yog tias muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm lawv: hwm los ntawm kev hwm, qhov muag ntawm qhov muag, sab ntawm sab, ib qho ntawm ib qho. Qhov kev zam yog lo lus ib yam nkaus.
Cov lus qhia tau los ntawm cov npe los ntawm kev rov ua dua yuav raug sau cais yog tias tsis muaj preposition ntawm lawv, thiab lo lus thib ob yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv: ib qho eccentric los ntawm eccentric, hwm los ntawm kev hwm, ib tug neeg ruam los ntawm ib tug neeg ruam.
Ib qho ua ke tsim los ntawm ib lo lus hauv paus, ib qho yog ib qho lus qhia, thiab lwm yam yog ib qho adverb rau -my, kuj tseem sau cais: roaring roar, pouring rain.
Yog tias koj muaj lus tsis txaus siab txog kev sau cov lus qhia, ces phau ntawv txhais lus sau yuav tuaj rau koj.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
Nyob rau qee kis, txhawm raulos sau ib qho adverb, ib tug yuav tsum paub qhov txawv ntawm homonymous ua ke ntawm prepositions nrog adjectives thiab pronouns, uas yog ib txwm sau nyias. Koj tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm ib qho adverb thiab homonymous cov ntaub ntawv siv lo lus nug.
- Zoo mus caij ski hla_ lub caij ntuj no hav zoov. hav zoov twg? lub caij ntuj no - peb muaj ib tug adjective nrog ib tug preposition, peb sau nws nyias.
- Koj hnav lub caij ntuj no. Koj hnav li cas? ua li cas? nyob rau lub caij ntuj no - qhov no yog ib tug adverb uas muaj ib tug prefix nyob rau hauv - thiab ib tug suffix - nws, uas txhais tau tias peb sau ib tug hyphen nyob rau hauv no adverb.
Yog tias koj tseem muaj kev xav tsis thoob, koj tuaj yeem siv ib qho ntxiv dag zog: cov lus qhia thiab cov lus tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm kab lus yam tsis ua txhaum nws lub ntsiab lus, tab sis qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua nrog cov lus qhia.
- Peb tsav tsheb los ntawm txoj kev qub (Peb tsav txoj kev). Lo lus tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm hauv txoj kev qub - peb muaj ib qho lus qhia nrog preposition.
- Txhua yam zoo ib yam nrog peb. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tshem tawm ntawm kab lus nyob rau hauv lub qub txoj kev - peb muaj ib tug adverb tsim los ntawm lub prefix-suffix method, uas txhais tau hais tias lo lus yog sau nyob rau hauv lub qub txoj kev nrog ib tug hyphen.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov lus qhia hauv Lavxias yog qhov zoo: lawv muab peb cov lus qhia meej thiab piv txwv. Kev sau ntawv ntawm ntau tus tsis ua raws li kev xav, yog li kev kawm adverbs yog ib qho kev xyaum zoo rau kev tsim kev nco, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev sau ntawv.
