Hohenzollern dynasty yog lub tsev German ntawm cov qub tub huabtais, cov xaiv tsa, cov vaj ntxwv thiab cov huab tais ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Hohenzollern, Brandenburg, Prussia, German Empire thiab Romania. Tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm nyob ze ntawm lub nroog Hechingen hauv Swabia thaum xyoo pua 11th thiab tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Hohenzollern. Thawj cov yawg koob ntawm Hohenzollerns tau hais nyob rau hauv 1061.
ntau ceg
Lub Hohenzollern dynasty faib ua ob ceg: Catholic Swabian thiab Protestant Franconian, uas tom qab dhau los ua Brandenburg-Prussian. Lub Swabian "ceg" ntawm lub dynasty tau txiav txim rau cov thawj coj ntawm Hohenzollern-Hechingen thiab Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen mus txog rau 1849, thiab tseem kav Romania los ntawm 1866 txog 1947.
German koom ua ke
Lub Margraviate ntawm Brandenburg thiab Duchy ntawm Prussia tau nyob hauv lub koomhaum tom qab 1618, thiab qhov tseeb yog ib lub xeev hu ua Brandenburg-Prussia. Lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Prussia tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1701, uas thaum kawgcoj mus rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab tsim lub teb chaws Yelemees hauv 1871, nrog Hohenzollerns raws li keeb kwm German emperors thiab Prussian vaj. Lawv kuj muaj lub tsev fuabtais ntawm tib lub npe, uas tam sim no nrov heev nrog cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi thiab tau los ua qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab "Kev Kho Mob"
Post World War I
Xyoo 1918, keeb kwm ntawm Hohenzollern dynasty ua ib tsev neeg txiav txim tau xaus. Lub teb chaws Yelemees qhov kev swb nyob rau hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog I tau coj mus rau kev hloov pauv. Hohenzollern dynasty raug rhuav tshem, tom qab ntawd lub koom pheej Weimar tau tsim, uas ua rau lub tebchaws German xaus. Georg Friedrich, Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Prussia yog lub taub hau tam sim no ntawm tus huab tais Prussian kab thiab Karl Friedrich yog lub taub hau ntawm tus huab tais Swabian kab.
The Hohenzollern dynasty: keeb kwm tseeb
Zollern, los ntawm 1218 Hohenzollerns, yog ib cheeb tsam ntawm lub Vaj Kaj Siab Roman. Tom qab ntawd, Hechingen yog nws lub peev.
Cov Hohenzollerns tau hu lawv cov vaj tse tom qab lub tsev fuabtais tau hais tseg hauv Swabian Alps. Lub tsev fuabtais no nyob rau ntawm 855-meter Hohenzollern roob. Nws nyob hauv tsev neeg niaj hnub no.
Lub dynasty tau hais thawj zaug hauv 1061. Raws li medieval chronicler Berthold Reichenau, Burckhard I, suav ntawm Zollern (de Zolorin) yug ua ntej 1025 thiab tuag hauv 1061.
Hauv 1095, suav Adalbert ntawm Zollern nrhiav tau lub tsev teev ntuj Benedictine ntawm Alpirsbach, nyob rau hauv hav zoov dub.
Zollerns tau txais lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus huab tais los ntawm huab tais Henry V hauv 1111.
Kev Ntseegvassals
Ua cov neeg ncaj ncees ntawm Swabian Hohenstaufen dynasty, lawv muaj peev xwm nthuav dav lawv thaj chaw. Suav Frederick III (c. 1139 - c. 1200) nrog Emperor Frederick Barbarossa ntawm kev sib tw tawm tsam Henry tus tsov ntxhuav xyoo 1180, thiab los ntawm nws txoj kev sib yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm Emperor Henry VI ntawm Nuremberg hauv 1192. Nyob rau hauv 1185 nws tau sib yuav Sophia ntawm Raab, tus ntxhais ntawm Conrad II, Burgrave ntawm Nuremberg. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Conrad II, uas tsis tshuav ib tug txiv neej qub txeeg qub teg, Frederick III tau tso cai Nuremberg li Burgraf Friedrich I.
Nyob rau hauv 1218 lub npe ntawm burgrave dhau mus rau tus tub hlob ntawm Frederick Conrad kuv, nws tau los ua tus progenitor ntawm Franconian ceg ntawm Hohenzollern dynasty, uas tau txais cov neeg xaiv tsa ntawm Brandenburg xyoo 1415.
Tus laus Franconian offshoot ntawm lub dynasty tau tsim los ntawm Conrad I, Burgrave ntawm Nuremberg (1186–1261).
Tsev neeg txhawb nqa cov thawj coj ntawm Hohenstaufen thiab Habsburg dynasties, cov huab tais ntawm Vajntxwv Roman lub sijhawm xyoo 12th-15th, rov qab tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau thaj chaw. Pib txij thaum xyoo pua 16th, cov tsev neeg no tau los ua Protestant thiab txiav txim siab nthuav dav ntxiv los ntawm kev sib yuav ua ke thiab kev yuav thaj av ib puag ncig.
keeb kwm yav dhau
Tom qab kev tuag ntawm John III thaum Lub Rau Hli 11, 1420, cov margraviates ntawm Brandenburg-Ansbach thiab Brandenburg-Kulmbach tau luv luv rov qab los hauv Frederick VI. Nws kav lub tebchaws Margraviate ntawm Brandenburg-Ansbach tom qab 1398. Los ntawm 1420 nws tau los ua Margrave ntawm Brandenburg-Kulmbach. Los ntawm 1411, Frederick VI tau los ua tus tswv xeev ntawm Brandenburg, thiab tom qab ntawdxaiv thiab margrave ntawm lub xeev no, raws li Frederick I.
Nyob rau xyoo 1411, Frederick VI, suav ntawm Nuremberg, tau raug xaiv tsa tus tswv xeev ntawm Brandenburg kom rov qab txiav txim siab thiab ruaj khov. Nyob rau ntawm Council of Constance nyob rau hauv 1415, King Sigismund tau tsa Frederick mus rau qeb ntawm Elector thiab Margrave ntawm Brandenburg. Yog li pib lub zog ntawm Hohenzollern dynasty nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees.
Dynasty ntawm Prussian vaj
Xyoo 1701, lub npe ntawm huab tais hauv Prussia tau tso cai rau cov tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg no, thiab Duchy ntawm Prussia tsis tau nce mus rau ib lub nceeg vaj nyob rau hauv Holy Roman Empire. Los ntawm 1701 lub npe ntawm Duke ntawm Prussia thiab Cov Neeg Xaiv Tsa ntawm Brandenburg tau txuas mus tas li rau lub npe ntawm Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Prussia. Lub Duke ntawm Prussia tau txais lub luag haujlwm ntawm huab tais, tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm huab tais uas nws thaj chaw muaj koob muaj npe nyob sab nraum lub Vaj Kaj Siab Roman, nrog kev pom zoo los ntawm Emperor Leopold I.
Txawm li cas los xij, Frederick thaum xub thawj tsis tuaj yeem yog "tus huab tais ntawm Prussia", uas yog ib feem ntawm Prussian thaj av nyob rau hauv lub suzerainty ntawm lub crown ntawm lub nceeg vaj Polish. Nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm absolutism, feem ntau monarchs tau obsessed nrog lub siab xav xyaum Louis XIV, lub palace ntawm Versailles tau los ua tus khib. Hohenzollern dynasty kuj muaj lub tsev zoo nkauj heev.
Tus huab tais ntawm lub tebchaws Yelemes
Xyoo 1871, German Empire tau tshaj tawm. Nrog rau kev nkag mus ntawm Wilhelm kuv mus rau lub zwm txwv German tshiab, cov npe ntawm Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Prussia, Duke ntawm Prussia, thiab Cov Neeg Xaiv Tsa ntawm Brandenburg tau txuas mus tas li rau lub npe ntawm German Emperor. Qhov tseeb, lub teb chaws Ottoman no yogfederation ntawm dualistic monarchies.
Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Otto von Bismarck ntseeg Wilhelm tias lub npe ntawm German Emperor, hloov Vajntxwv Roman, yuav tsim nyog heev.
Txoj Kev Ua Tsov Rog
Wilhelm II npaj los tsim ib lub nkoj tub rog German muaj peev xwm los tawm tsam British naval txoj cai. Kev tua neeg ntawm Archduke Franz Ferdinand hauv Austria thaum Lub Rau Hli 28, 1914 tau pib cov xov xwm ntawm cov xwm txheej uas ua rau Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, German, Lavxias teb sab, Austro-Hungarian thiab Ottoman faj tim teb chaws tau tso tseg. Cov duab ntawm Hohenzollern dynasty, los yog nws cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, koj tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus no.
Nyob hauv qhov tob tob ntawm kev xav
Xyoo 1918, lub tebchaws German tau raug tshem tawm thiab hloov los ntawm Weimar Republic. Tom qab qhov tshwm sim ntawm German Revolution nyob rau hauv 1918, Emperor Wilhelm II thiab Crown Prince Wilhelm tau kos npe rau ib daim ntawv abdication.
Lub Rau Hli 1926, kev tawm tsam kom tshem tawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm cov thawj coj qub txeeg qub teg (thiab huab tais) ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees yam tsis muaj nyiaj them poob haujlwm, thiab vim li ntawd, cov nyiaj txiag ntawm Hohenzollern dynasty tau txhim kho loj heev. Kev txiav txim plaub ntug ntawm yav dhau los dynasty thiab Weimar koom pheej ua rau Cecilienhof lub tsev fuabtais ntawm lub xeev, tab sis tau tso cai rau tus huab tais qub thiab nws tus poj niam Cecile nyob hauv nws. Tsev neeg kuj muaj Monbijou Palace hauv Berlin, Olesnica Castle hauv Silesia, Rheinsberg Palace, Schwedt Palace thiab lwm yam khoom kom txog thaum 1945.xyoo.
Post World War II
Txij li thaum kev tshem tawm ntawm German huab tais, tsis muaj Hohenzollern thov rau imperial lossis muaj koob muaj npe prerogatives tau lees paub los ntawm Txoj Cai Tseem Ceeb ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Republic xyoo 1949, uas tau lees paub kev khaws cia ntawm tsoomfwv txoj cai.
Tsoomfwv pawg tswj hwm ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm Soviet pov tseg tag nrho cov tswv av thiab cov neeg ua lag luam. Lub tsev uas tsab xov xwm no tau mob siab rau tau poob yuav luag tag nrho nws cov hmoov zoo, khaws ob peb feem ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab thiab twb tau hais txog Hohenzollern Tsev fuabtais hauv West Germany. Tsoomfwv Polish tau tsim cov cuab yeej Hohenzollern hauv Silesia, thiab tsoomfwv Dutch tau txeeb Uis Doorn, qhov chaw nyob ntawm huab tais nyob rau hauv exile.
Peb hnub
Hnub no Hohenzollern dynasty tseem muaj, tab sis tsuas yog ib daim duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm nws qhov qub qub. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab kev sib sau ua ke German, nws muaj peev xwm rov qab tau tag nrho nws cov cuab yeej txeeb tau, xws li kos duab kos duab thiab palaces. Kev sib tham rau cov nyiaj rov qab los yog cov nyiaj them rau kev tshem tawm tseem tab tom tos.
Lub Tsev Laus Imperial Palace hauv Berlin tab tom rov tsim kho thiab yuav qhib rau xyoo 2019. Berlin Palace thiab Humboldt Forum yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Berlin.
Titles and possessions
Lub taub hau ntawm lub tsev yog lub npe huab tais ntawm Prussia thiab German huab tais. Nws kuj tuav txoj cai keeb kwm rau lub npe ntawm Prince of Orange.
Georg Friedrich, Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Prussia, lub taub hau tam sim noRoyal Prussian Lub Tsev ntawm Hohenzollern, tau sib yuav rau Princess Sophie ntawm Isenburg. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 20, 2013, nws yug tau menyuam ntxaib, Carl Friedrich Franz Alexander thiab Louis Ferdinand Christian Albrecht, hauv Bremen. Karl Friedrich, tus hlob ntawm lawv, yog tus txais txiaj ntsig.
Tus tub rog Swabian ceg ntawm Lub Tsev ntawm Hohenzollern tau tsim los ntawm Frederick IV, suav ntawm Zollern. Tsev neeg tswj hwm peb thaj av hauv Hechingen, Sigmaringen thiab Haigerloch. Cov earls tau nce siab rau cov thawj coj hauv xyoo 1623. Swabian ceg ntawm Hohenzollerns yog Catholic.
Failures, losses thiab ntog
Huffed los ntawm cov teeb meem kev lag luam thiab kev tawm tsam sab hauv, suav ntawm Hohenzollern, pib txij xyoo pua 14th, pom lawv tus kheej raug kev nyuaj siab los ntawm lawv cov neeg nyob ze, suav ntawm Württemberg thiab cov nroog ntawm Swabian Pab Koomtes, uas cov tub rog tau tawm tsam thiab thaum kawg raug rhuav tshem. tsev fuabtais tsev fuabtais ntawm lub dynasty nyob rau hauv 1423. Txawm li cas los xij, Hohenzollerns khaws lawv cov cuab yeej cuab tam nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm lawv cov kwv tij txheeb ze los ntawm Brandenburg thiab Imperial House of Habsburg. Xyoo 1535, suav Charles I ntawm Lub Tsev Hohenzollern (1512–1576) tau txais lub nroog ntawm Sigmaringen thiab Wöhringen ua tub rog tub rog.
Thaum Charles kuv, suav ntawm Hohenzollern tuag xyoo 1576, nws thaj av yawg koob tau muab faib rau peb ceg Swabian.
