Cov lus yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lus Askiv. Tab sis hmoov tsis, lub ntsiab lus no tsis yog ib txwm meej rau cov tub ntxhais kawm hais lus Lavxias. Vim tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim zoo li no hauv lawv cov lus ib txwm muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cai siv cov ntawv yuav tsum tau kawm los ntawm ib tus neeg uas xav kom muaj peev xwm siv ntau yam lus Askiv. Thiab hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, cov ntawv me me thiab zoo li tsis tseem ceeb txawm tias pab kom nkag siab zoo rau cov neeg sib tham.
Cov lus yog dab tsi thiab lawv nyiam dab tsi
Cov kab lus yog ib feem ntawm kev hais lus, uas yog inextricably txuas nrog lub npe. Nws tsis muaj nws lub ntsiab lus (kev txhais ua lus Lavxias), tab sis tsuas yog qhia lub ntsiab lus grammatical.
Ua lus Askiv, kab lus tsis qhia txog poj niam txiv neej thiab cov npe ntawm cov npe. Nws qhia nyob rau hauv qee kis cov lus los yog ntau tshaj plaws, tab sis qhov tseeb nws tsuas yog qeb ntawm qhov tseeb-tsis paub tseeb. Raws li qhov no, tuaj yeem muaj peb qhov xwm txheej nrog rau tsab xov xwm: nws qhov tsis tuaj, tsis muaj qhov kawg thiab qhov tseeb. Txhua yam ntawm peb qhov xwm txheej no muaj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb thiab nws txoj cai.
Cov lus meej ib zaug tau muab los ntawm qhov ntawd, ib qho lus qhia. Yog li ntawd, ntawmHauv Lavxias, feem ntau koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus txhais "qhov no", "cov no", thiab lwm yam. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no tsis muaj tseeb, vim hais tias cov lus hais tsis muaj kev txhais lus, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsab xov xwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntsiab lus. ib qho, qhov no feem ntau tso cai. Nws yog txhua yam hais txog kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb uas nws tuaj yeem ua si hauv kab lus, taw rau cov khoom thiab tib neeg hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb.
Kev siv kab lus yuav yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus no. Peb yuav xav txog ntau yam xwm txheej, muab piv txwv. Yuav muaj ntau qhov kev siv, tab sis tsis txhob ceeb yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab txhua yam ib zaug thiab tseem nco ntsoov ntau dua. Raws li koj nkag siab koj tus kheej ntau dua hauv lus Askiv los ntawm kev xyaum tas li, koj yuav nkag siab qhov laj thawj no thiab tsis ntev koj yuav yooj yim txiav txim siab seb tsab xov xwm twg xav tau hauv txhua kis.
Definite article ua ntej nouns
Cov ntaub ntawv classic thaum tsim nyog siv cov lus ua ntej lub npe ntawm ib yam khoom (tus neeg, tsiaj) yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm tom kawg.
1. Lub npe hu ua ib leeg xwb.
Piv txwv: lub hnub - lub hnub, lub ntiaj teb - lub ntiaj teb.
2. Lub npe yog qhov tshwj xeeb hauv qhov xwm txheej no.
Koj puas nyiam lub ncuav? - Koj puas nyiam ncuav mog qab zib?
3. Cov ntsiab lus no (tus neeg, tsiaj txhu) twb tau hais hauv qhov kev sib tham no thiab yog li cov neeg sib tham nkag siab txog dab tsi (tus neeg) nws hais txog.
Kuv muaj miv. Nws lub npe yog Lucy, nws ntxim hlub heev. Kuv puas tuaj yeem nqa tus miv nrog kuv? - Kuv muaj miv. Nws lub npe yog Lucy, nws qab zib heev. Kuv puas tuaj yeem nqa kuv tus miv nrog kuv?
4. Yog muab tsoxws li ib tsab xov xwm ua ntej lub npe tsim nyog, thaum koj yuav tsum xaiv tag nrho tsev neeg. Piv txwv li: tus Smiths.
Cov lus tseeb ua ntej lwm qhov ntawm kev hais lus
Tau kawg, kab lus thiab lwm yam tsuas yog siv nrog cov npe. Cov lus tsis xav tau ua ntej lwm qhov ntawm kev hais lus. Tab sis nws feem ntau tshwm sim hais tias ntawm kab lus thiab lub npe cuam tshuam nrog nws muaj tus lej lossis adjective. Peb yuav txiav txim siab li no.
1. Cov kab lus tseeb yeej ib txwm muab tso ua ntej cov lej: lub xyoo pua nees nkaum - lub xyoo pua nees nkaum.
2. Cov kab lus no kuj tau muab tso rau hauv qhov tsis sib xws ua ntej qib superlative ntawm adjectives: lub hnub qub ci ntsa iab - lub hnub ci ci tshaj plaws.
3. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv cov lus tseeb thaum hais txog ib pawg neeg sib koom ua ke los ntawm ib qho kev sib koom ua ke: cov hluas - hluas.
Cov lus meej nrog cov npe thaj chaw thiab cov ntsiab lus
Nrog cov ntsiab lus uas muaj feem cuam tshuam txog thaj chaw, kab lus no yog siv ntau zaus.
1. Cardinal cov lus qhia: sab hnub tuaj (East).
2. Cov npe ntawm tus kheej lub tebchaws: Lavxias Federation.
3. Dej hiav txwv, hiav txwv, dej ntws, dej tsaws tsag: Dej hiav txwv Indian.
4. Pawg ntawm cov Islands tuaj, pas dej, roob: lub Bahamas.
5. Deserts and Plains: The Great Plains.
Tseem muaj ntau qhov kev zam rau kev siv cov ntawv (lossis tsis muaj nws) nrog cov npe ntawm thaj chaw, yog li qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog kev nco yooj yim. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tsis ntseeg, nws yog ib txwm tsim nyogsaib phau ntawv qhia sau ntawv thiab qhia meej cov lus nug ntawm lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb.
Cov lus tseeb hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb
Tseem muaj ntau lo lus uas tuaj yeem ua raws li kev txhais ua ntej lub npe. Cov lus no tau muab rau hauv cov lus hauv qab no.
| previous | previous |
| kawg | paj, kawg, kawg |
| tsuas | ib leeg |
| ntxawm | ntxawm |
| Khqab no | ntxawm |
| right | yog, sab xis |
| left | left |
| central | central |
| Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg | |
| wrong | wrong, wrong |
| same | same |
| siab | siab, siab tshaj |
| main | main |
Koj yuav tsum siv cov lus Askiv ib txwm nrog lawv. Piv txwv li:
Nov yog phau ntawv kuv xav tau! - Nov yog phau ntawv kuv xav tau!
Lub sijhawm kawg kuv pom nws yog Friday −Lub sijhawm kawg kuv pom nws yog hnub Friday.
Tsis tas li, tsab xov xwm meej yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej cov lus:
Zaj lus meej los txhim kho lub ntsiab
Cais, muaj cov xwm txheej thaum tsab xov xwm muaj lub luag haujlwm stylistic. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, nws tuaj yeem siv ua ntej cov npe tsim nyog, uas nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj nyob tsis muaj ib tsab xov xwm. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws pom nrog piv txwv. Sib piv ob kab lus: thawj zaug nrog kev siv ib txwm siv lub npe kom raug, thiab qhov thib ob nrog qhov tseem ceeb stylistic.
Nov yog Jack, ib txwm zoo siab thiab siab dav! - Qhov no yog Jack, ib txwm zoo siab thiab siab dav!
Nov yog Jack Kuv nyiam tshaj plaws - zoo siab thiab dav! - Nov yog Jack Kuv nyiam tshaj plaws - zoo siab thiab dav!
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, muaj qee yam tshwm sim hauv txhua kis ntawm kev siv cov lus tseeb: nws feem ntau muab tso ua ntej cov lus uas muaj qee yam, tshwj xeeb, nqaim, lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb. Khaws qhov no hauv siab thaum koj tsis ntseeg qhov kev xaiv ntawm lo lus pabcuam, thiab phau ntawv siv tsis nyob ntawm tes.
