Hnub no, noob neej siv ntau yam khoom uas combustible. Muaj twb muaj ob peb hom ntawm lawv thiab lawv txhua tus muaj qee yam ntawm lawv tus kheej, cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Cov tshuaj no yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog cov khoom siv raw uas tuaj yeem hlawv txuas ntxiv tom qab qhov hluav taws xob raug tshem tawm.
Gases thiab kua
Hnub no, muaj ntau pawg ntawm cov tshuaj tua hluav taws.
Koj tuaj yeem pib nrog cov pa roj - pawg GG. Cov pawg no suav nrog cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog huab cua, tsim kom muaj huab cua tawg lossis nplaim taws, ntawm qhov kub tsis tshaj 50 ° C. Nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg no gases, tej yam ib tug neeg volatile tebchaw yuav raug ntaus nqi. Nws tuaj yeem yog ammonia, acetylene, butadiene, hydrogen, isobutane thiab lwm yam. Cais, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias qhov no kuj suav nrog cov vapors uas tau tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm evaporation ntawm cov kua hluav taws xob (cov kua hluav taws xob hluav taws xob), uas sawv cev rau qeb hauv qab no.
Cov pab pawg ua kua flammable suav nrog cov kua ua kua uas yuav hlawv txuas ntxiv musTom qab tshem tawm ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, thiab lawv qhov flash point tsis tshaj qhov pib ntawm 61 degrees Celsius rau lub khob kaw. Yog tias lub nkoj no yog hom qhib, ces qhov pib yuav nce mus rau 66 degrees. Cov khoom ua kua xws li acetone, benzene, hexane, heptane, isopentane, styrene, acetic acid thiab ntau lwm yam.
Cov kua roj tsw qab thiab plua plav
Nws yuav zoo li cov kua uas muaj hluav taws kub thiab kub kub ib yam, tab sis hauv kev xyaum nws tsis yog qhov teeb meem. Lawv muab faib ua ob pawg sib txawv. Txawm hais tias lawv qhov hluav taws kub tsis zoo ib yam thiab qee cov kua ua rau ob pawg, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb. GZH kuj suav nrog cov khoom siv roj. Qhov no, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem yog castor lossis transformer.
Tom ntej no, nws tsim nyog hais txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li hmoov av. HP yog ib yam khoom, uas tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib tug finely dispersed lub xeev. Ib zaug nyob rau hauv huab cua, xws li plua plav tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv tawg nrog nws. Yog tias cov khoom no nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa, qab nthab thiab lwm qhov chaw, lawv yuav ua rau hluav taws kub.
chav GP
Nws tsim nyog sau cia nyias tias muaj cov chav kawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li, cov plua plav tau muab faib ua peb pawg nyob ntawm seb qhov hluav taws kub thiab tawg puas tsuaj.
- Thawj chav kawm - cov no yog cov aerosols txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, uas muaj qis dua qhov tawg (flammable) txwv (LEL) txog 15 g / m 3. Ntawm nosuav nrog sulfur, zeb, ebonite lossis peat hmoov.
- Chav kawm thib ob suav nrog cov khoom uas nws LEL txwv nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 15 txog 65 g / m 3. Lawv suav tias yog tawg ntau dua.
- qeb thib peb yog qhov phom sij tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog ib pawg ntawm cov kua aerogels, nyob rau hauv uas lub LEL yog ntau tshaj 65 g / m3, thiab autoignition kub txog li 250 degrees Celsius. Cov khoom zoo li no muaj los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb lossis elevator plua plav, piv txwv li.
Cov yam ntxwv dav dav
Cov hluav taws kub twg yog thiab vim li cas? Muaj ob peb yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, nrog rau cov kua, plua plav, roj thiab lwm yam khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ua hluav taws xob.
Piv txwv li, qhov ntsuas ntawm flash yog tus nqi uas ua rau qhov ntsuas kub qis dua, uas cov kua yuav tsim cov vapors flammable. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg ntawm no tias qhov muaj qhov hluav taws kub nyob ze ntawm qhov sib xyaw vapor-air yuav tsuas ua rau nws tawg, tsis muaj qhov kub nyhiab ntawm cov kua nws tus kheej.
Yog hais tias ua ntej nws tau hais txog qhov kev txwv qis dua, ces tseem muaj qhov siab dua. NKV lossis VKVV yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum ncav cuag qhov twg, ignition lossis tawg ntawm cov kua, plua plav, gases, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj cov kev txwv no. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntawm no tias yog tias qhov concentration qis dua lossis, qhov sib txawv, siab dua li cov kev txwv, ces tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tshwm sim txawm tias muaj qhov qhib hluav taws nyob rau thaj tsam tam sim ntawd.tshuaj.
Khoom raw khoom
Ntawm no yog tsim nyog hais tias cov khoom uas combustible coj txawv me ntsis li hmoov av, kua los yog roj. Thaum rhuab mus rau qhov kub thiab txias, pawg ntawm cov khoom siv raw no coj tus kheej, thiab qhov no nyob ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv thiab cov qauv. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj noj cov sulfur lossis roj hmab, ces thaum cua sov, lawv ua ntej yaj thiab tom qab ntawd evaporate.
Yog koj coj, piv txwv li, ntoo, thee lossis ntawv thiab lwm yam khoom, thaum cua sov, lawv pib decompose, tawm hauv qab gaseous thiab cov khoom seem.
Lwm qhov tseem ceeb heev: cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lawv cov mis tshuaj lom neeg cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem combustion ncaj qha nws tus kheej. Muaj ob peb theem uas qhov tshwm sim no tau muab faib. Tej yam yooj yim xws li anthracite, coke los yog soot, piv txwv li, cua sov thiab smolder yam tsis muaj sparks, vim hais tias lawv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog cov ntshiab carbon.
Cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke suav nrog, piv txwv li, ntoo, roj hmab lossis yas. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lawv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog complex, thiab yog li ntawd muaj ob theem ntawm lawv combustion. Thawj theem yog txheej txheem decomposition uas tsis yog nrog kev tso tawm ntawm lub teeb thiab cua sov li niaj zaus, tab sis theem thib ob tau txiav txim siab kub hnyiab, thiab lub sijhawm no kub thiab lub teeb pib tawm.
Lwm yam tshuaj thiab yam ntxwv
Tau kawg, cov khib nyiab kuj tseem muaj qhov taw tes, tab sis rau qhov laj thawj pom tseeb, nwsntau dua li cov kua los yog gaseous. Flash point txwv nyob nruab nrab ntawm 50 thiab 580 degrees Celsius. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog hais cais tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li ntoo muaj qhov pib ntawm 270 txog 300 ° C, nyob ntawm seb hom ntoo ntawm nws tus kheej.
Cov hmoov phom thiab cov khoom tawg muaj qhov sib txuas siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom khib nyiab. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias ob qho tib si ntawm cov khoom no muaj cov pa oxygen txaus, uas yog txaus rau lawv cov combustion tiav. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem hlawv hauv qab dej, hauv av, thiab nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kaw tag.
ntoo
Nws tsim nyog hais ntxiv me ntsis txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj hluav taws xob, vim nws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau niaj hnub no. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog tias nws yog ib qho pheej yig tshaj plaws. Ntawm no nws tsim nyog hais tias qhov tseeb ntoo yog ib yam khoom uas muaj cov qauv ntawm tes. Txhua lub hlwb tau ntim nrog cua. Lub degree ntawm porosity ntawm tej pob zeb ntau tshaj 50% thiab nce, uas qhia tau hais tias cov concentration ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau huab cua yog tsis siab dhau. Twb yog vim li no thiaj qiv nws tus kheej kom kub hnyiab tau zoo heev.
Yog tias peb xaus lus, peb tuaj yeem hais tau tias hauv ntiaj teb muaj ntau ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis tuaj yeem muab faib rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, ib tus yuav tsum ceev faj heev thaum siv, siv. lawv tsuas yog rau lawv lub hom phiaj.
