Logistic muaj nuj nqi. Piv txwv ntawm logistic functions

Cov txheej txheem:

Logistic muaj nuj nqi. Piv txwv ntawm logistic functions
Logistic muaj nuj nqi. Piv txwv ntawm logistic functions
Anonim

Thaum saib pom thawj zaug nws zoo nkaus li tias txoj haujlwm logistics yog los tswj cov khoom ntws los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom mus rau cov neeg siv khoom. Tab sis nws tsis yog li ntawd. Lub tswv yim npog ntau yam kev ua ub no zais los ntawm cov neeg siv kawg.

txheej txheem logistics

Yuav kom nkag siab tias lub luag haujlwm logistics yog dab tsi, cia peb saib cov txheej txheem xa khoom mus rau cov neeg siv kawg siv cov piv txwv ntawm thawj daim duab.

logistic muaj nuj nqi
logistic muaj nuj nqi
  1. Hu rau lub chaw hu xovtooj. Ib qho kev txiav txim tau los txog.
  2. Tus thawj tswj xyuas qhov muaj lossis thov rau cov chaw tsim khoom, kos cov ntaub ntawv, lees paub qhov kev txiav txim.
  3. Cov khoom tuaj txog ntawm lub tuam txhab, tos hauv lub tsev khaws khoom.
  4. Cov khoom thauj, ntim.
  5. Nyob rau hauv.
  6. Kev txiav txim tau muab tus lej cim, qhov chaw nyob yog qhia.
  7. Loading in progress.
  8. Kev thauj mus los.
  9. Kev xa mus rau tus neeg siv kawg.

Yog li, nws pom tseeb tias cov txheej txheem ntawm kev muab cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom rau cov neeg siv kawg tsis yog "tuaj-yuav-sab laug", tab sis ib qho loj heev.ib lub voj voog npog ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kheej.

Qhov txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm logistic thiab kev ua haujlwm

Kev ua haujlwm yog tus kheej ua. Loading, clearance, ntim. Lub logistic muaj nuj nqi yog ib txheej ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, warehouses. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, cov haujlwm hauv qab no tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:

Nyob rau warehouse.

  • Sort.
  • Txoj kev ntawm rhawv.
  • Archiving.
  • Accounting.
  • Packaging.
  • Loading
  • Kev ua haujlwm logistic yog ib pab pawg ua haujlwm ua ke kom ua tiav qee lub hom phiaj hauv kev tswj cov khoom ntws. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev khaws khoom yog khaws cov khoom raws li cov qauv kev tshawb nrhiav sai thiab xa mus ntxiv rau tus neeg siv.

    khoom ntws

    Tsib lub ntsiab lus pib: cov khoom siv raw, cov chaw tsim khoom, cov khw muag khoom, cov khw muag khoom, cov neeg yuav khoom. Nyob rau hauv txhua theem ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ob tog, kev txav ntawm cov khoom ntws yog nqa tawm: nyiaj txiag, khoom, ntaub ntawv. Thiab txhua theem nws muaj nws lub hom phiaj: xa cov khoom kom sai li sai tau, khaws nws cov khoom kom zoo tshaj plaws thiab tau txais cov nyiaj them ncaj qha rau nws. Kev tswj cov khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm logistics pab kom ua tiav cov hom phiaj no. Lub tswvyim ntawm logistics yog zoo sawv cev nyob rau hauv daim duab.

    kev tswj cov khoom siv thiab logistics muaj nuj nqi
    kev tswj cov khoom siv thiab logistics muaj nuj nqi

    Piv txwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm logistic

    Muaj peb pawg loj:

    1. Basic.
    2. Key.
    3. Supportive.

    Basic logistics functions suav nrogib tug complex ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm yam tsis muaj logistics, raws li ib tug science, tsis muaj nyob. Cov no yog kev muab khoom, tsim khoom thiab xa tawm.

    piv txwv ntawm logistic functions
    piv txwv ntawm logistic functions

    pab pawg tseem ceeb suav nrog: kev ua raws li cov qauv, kev thauj mus los, kev tswj xyuas zoo, kev yuav khoom, kev tswj cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, tus nqi, kev faib tawm lub cev.

    Thiab pab pawg thib peb yog txhawb nqa cov haujlwm uas muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib tw: warehousing, cargo thauj, tiv thaiv ntim, kev txhawb nqa rov qab ntawm cov khoom, muab cov khoom seem thiab cov kev pabcuam, sau cov khoom pov tseg rov qab, cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev txhawb nqa computer.

    Tsim qauv

    Koj tuaj yeem nyeem ntau phau ntawv ntse, uas yuav muaj ntau cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg thiab cov ntsiab lus, tab sis koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb cov qauv ntawm cov haujlwm logistic yog dab tsi. Lawv sau rau hauv phau ntawv: txhua tus qauv muab faib ua ob pawg: cov ntaub ntawv-cov ntaub ntawv thiab paub daws teeb. Abstract yog cim thiab iconic.

    Puas yog txhua yam tseeb?

    Tam sim no wb tham txog qhov ua qauv tiag tiag. Cia peb ua piv txwv. Muaj ib lub tuam txhab lag luam wholesale H uas muag cov tshuaj hauv tsev. Yog li, qauv No. 1 "Kev yuav khoom" tab tom tsim. Nov yog hom phiaj xwm ntxaws ntxaws uas piav qhia txog leej twg cov khoom yuav raug yuav los ntawm thawj zaug, lawv yuav thauj mus rau lub tuam txhab li cas lub tsev khaws khoom, leej twg yuav tau txais cov khoom, cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi yuav tsum tau kos yog tias kev sib yuav raug kuaj pom., ntau npaum li cas thiab yuav khaws cov khoom li cas, thiab lwm yam.

    Model 2 "Delivery". Lub tuam txhab H muaj cov neeg muag khoom muag A thiabB. Ib hlis ib zaug lawv thov kom xa cov khoom xa tuaj rau lawv. Firm H tsim qauv No. 2 "Kev xa khoom". Hauv cov tswv yim no, lwm yam teeb meem yuav raug txiav txim siab: leej twg yuav kos daim ntawv xa nyiaj, peb yuav ntim cov khoom li cas, qhov twg peb yuav khaws cia kom txog thaum thauj khoom mus rau hauv lub tsheb, yuav ua li cas cov nyiaj tau txais los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom, thiab lwm yam.

    Cov qauv tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov lus sau, uas yog, lawv tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm cov lus (iconic) lossis cov cim (symbolics).

    lub logistic muaj nuj nqi hu ua
    lub logistic muaj nuj nqi hu ua

    Outsourcing logistics functions

    Rov qab mus rau qhov piv txwv "H", koj tuaj yeem pom tias ib lub koom haum me me yuav tsum xav txog ntau pua qhov kev nqis tes ua thiaj li muaj peev xwm tswj hwm kev thauj mus los. Feem ntau, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom optimize tag nrho cov txheej txheem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm ib tug tsis muaj peev xwm thiab tsim nyog cov kws txawj. Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov tuam txhab thib peb. Qhov no yog hu ua outsourcing, thaum lub tuam txhab hloov ib feem ntawm nws txoj cai logistics mus rau lwm tus neeg sab nrauv.

    Pab neeg thib peb pab kev lag luam:

    • Txo tus nqi ntawm kev muab kev pabcuam logistics.
    • Tsom rau qhov tseem ceeb.
    • Muab cov neeg siv khoom siab tshaj.
    logistic muaj nuj nqi qauv
    logistic muaj nuj nqi qauv

    Yog vim li cas rau outsourcing

    Cov nyiaj txiag sab nraud ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias ntau lub tuam txhab hauv Russia thiab txawv teb chaws siv kev pab los ntawm peb tog. Qhov no yog vim: kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, cov txheej txheem nyuaj rau kev muab cov khoom siv raw,ntev mus kom xa cov khoom kawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tswj hwm tag nrho cov tub rog ntawm qib siab logisticians yog kim heev. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub no, kev vam meej yog nyob rau sab ntawm tus uas zoo tshaj plaws tswj lub teeb logistics lub hom phiaj, thiab cov kev txawj ntse, lub siab dua cov kev pab cuam, cov neeg muas zaub ntau.

    Txhua yam no tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias kev xa khoom tawm tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim nyog ntawm kev nyiam cov koom haum thib peb:

    • Kaw kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tuam txhab thauj, tuam ntxhab thiab cov muag khoom. Kev xa tawm tam sim no nyob rau hauv txhua qhov txuas hauv kev tsim cov pob khoom siv zaum kawg.
    • Yog vim li cas thiaj tso tseg cov nqi ntxiv ntawm kev tswj xyuas lub chaw logistics thiab nthuav dav ntau lawm.
    • Txhim kho lub zog ntawm lub koom haum nrog rau kev tso tawm cov peev txheej. Koj tuaj yeem nthuav kev lag luam, muab kev tshaj tawm ntxiv lossis tsom mus rau kev txhim kho.
    • Cov koom haum thib peb nyiam muaj kev paub zoo thiab pom tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua hauv qhov xwm txheej.
    • Outsourcing tuam txhab ua lawv cov kev pabcuam ntawm qib siab tshaj plaws, uas ua rau muaj kev nce qib hauv kev pabcuam zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom kawg.
    • Tus xwm txheej thiab cov duab ntawm lub tuam txhab loj hlob.

    Logistics ntawm Magnit (CJSC Tander)

    Magnit yog cov khw muag khoom loj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia. Tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, vim yog kev xa khoom zoo, lub tuam txhab cov thawj coj tau tswj kom txo tus nqi ntawm kev yuav khoom, yog li ua kom lawv cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo.

    outsourcinglogistics muaj nuj nqi
    outsourcinglogistics muaj nuj nqi

    Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xa khoom? Txhua lub khw muag khoom tau txais cov khoom tsis yog los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, tab sis los ntawm lawv cov chaw faib khoom. Rov qab rau xyoo 2005, tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv ruaj khov tau muab los ntawm Magnit's warehouses, hauv 2008 daim duab no tau nce mus rau 72%, thiab xyoo 2011 twb tau 85% ntawm cov khoom hauv txhua cheeb tsam tau muab tsis yog los ntawm cov tuam txhab ncaj qha, tab sis los ntawm cov chaw muag khoom loj loj.

    Yuav ua li cas?

    Ua ntej, xa khoom sai. Lub Magnit network txawv nyob rau hauv uas cov khoom raug hloov kho txhua hnub. Tsis muaj ntau lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem khav tau cov zaub tshiab lossis cov khoom siv mis nyuj.

    Thib ob, kev tsim ntawm ib lub chaw tso cai rau koj los tswj kev khiav tsheb khiav ntawm nws tus kheej. Cov saw muaj nws cov tsheb thauj khoom sai sai xa cov khoom tsim nyog.

    Thib peb, cov chaw pabcuam tau dhau los ua cov ntsiab lus sau rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub hauv zos. Hauv warehouses, lawv tau txheeb, ntsuas, ntim thiab xa mus rau lub khw muag khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov khoom siv tub yees loj loj (ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 8 txhiab m2 2), qhov twg cov tsiaj txhu raug tua.

    Fourthly, tag nrho cov tsev khaws khoom me me tau ua kua. Cov khoom tsis tas yuav muab khaws cia ncaj qha rau hauv lub khw, vim qhov no yog lwm tus nqi rau chav sib cais, nws cov kev saib xyuas.

    txhais ntawm logistic muaj nuj nqi
    txhais ntawm logistic muaj nuj nqi

    Muaj pes tsawg lub chaw faib khoom ntawm Magnit network?

    Muaj 37 lub chaw loj ntawm "Magnit" network hauv Russia. Lawv tawg mus rau hauv ib txoj kev xws li nyob rau hauvqhov chaw ntawm thaj chaw uas nyob ib sab. Tsis ntev los no, qhov chaw cia khoom loj tshaj plaws tau qhib dhau ntawm Arctic Circle hauv cheeb tsam Murmansk. Tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw no yog 33,000 sq. m. Hauv cheeb tsam kev pabcuam - 150 lub khw. Ua haujlwm 400 tus neeg.

    Logistics ua haujlwm ua los ntawm lub chaw faib khoom:

    • Kev khaws cia thiab khaws cia ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso.
    • Tsim tej yam kev mob rau ripening ntawm txawv txiv hmab txiv ntoo (piv txwv li, ib tug txiv tsawb ripening chav tsev).
    • Control over document management.
    • Recycling.
    • Kev tu tus kheej lub tsheb.
    • Saib xyuas kev ua tau zoo.

    Zoo kawg

    Cia peb nthuav dav qhov kev paub tau thiab muab lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm logistic. Qhov no yog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm logistics tsim los ua kom tiav qee lub hom phiaj. Muaj peb hom kev ua haujlwm: yooj yim, qhov tseem ceeb thiab kev txhawb nqa. Muaj ntau txoj haujlwm ntxiv. Txhawm rau tsim kom muaj txoj cai logistics uas yuav pab txo cov nqi thiab txhim kho kev pabcuam zoo, koj yuav tsum tsim kom muaj tus qauv. Cov koom haum thib peb kuj tseem pab txhim kho cov khoom siv. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua outsourcing.

    Magnit saw yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev xa khoom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khw muag khoom. Ua tsaug rau kev tsim kho cov chaw xa khoom loj, lawv tau tswj xyuas kom txo tus nqi khaws cov khoom ncaj qha hauv cov khw muag khoom lawv tus kheej. Nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua los tsim lub chaw loj loj lub luag haujlwm rau txhua theem ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom dua li ua raws li cov khoom xa tuajmanufacturers hauv ntau txhiab lub khw. Ib qho chaw muaj peev xwm pab tau los ntawm 150 mus rau 300 qhov chaw.

    Yog li, nws pom tseeb tias kev tsim koj tus kheej logistics system yog txoj hauv kev ua tiav thiab ua tiav cov thawj coj hauv kev lag luam.

    Pom zoo: