Geography yog txhais los ntawm Greek thaum ub los ua kev piav qhia ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog dab tsi science. Nws yog ib tug series ntawm interconnected kev qhia txog lub ntiaj teb. Hais txog nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, qauv, nyem, lub teb chaws thiab lwm yam. Muaj ntau ntau yam kev faib tawm ntawm thaj chaw, thiab qee zaum nws tsis yooj yim to taub lawv.
Kev faib tawm ntawm thaj chaw
Qhov kev faib loj ntawm thaj chaw sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab kev lag luam kev lag luam ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no.
Nyob rau hauv lem, economic geography yog muab faib raws li cov khoom ntawm kev kawm rau hauv lub geography ntawm cov pejxeem, kev lag luam, kev ua liaj ua teb, kev pab cuam, thauj thiab ntau lwm yam. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis provokes qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov nqaim zuj zus ntxiv.
Physical geography kuj yog ib qho kev kawm tag nrho. Cov no suav nrog paleogeography, geomorphology, climatology, av hydrology, dej hiav txwv, av geography, biogeography.
Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev qhia meej meej vim tias ntau cov kev tshawb fawb muaj feem xyuam nrog kev paub.
Piv txwv li, platform geography yog kev tshawb fawb,uas siv tsis tau tsuas yog rau geography, tab sis kuj rau geology.
History of geography
Keeb kwm ntawm thaj chaw pib tib lub sijhawm raws li keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg sau. Thiab tej zaum txawm tias ua ntej, vim hais tias txawm tias ua ntej thawj zaug kaw, tib neeg tau mus ncig, nco thiab xa lawv cov kev paub ntawm qhov ncauj.
Tsab ntawv sau npe tshawb fawb tshawb fawb hnub rov qab mus rau Ancient Egypt, 2nd century BC.
Sau piav txog thaj chaw nrog cov npe dej, roob thiab dej hiav txwv tau nqis los rau peb los ntawm Ancient India, tim Nkij teb chaws.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev navigation, thaj chaw ntawm hiav txwv thiab dej hiav txwv inevitably tshwm sim, thiab marine cartography tsim. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev muab tso ua ke ntawm daim duab qhia hnub ntawm Ancient Greece tau mus txog peb lub sijhawm. Tej zaum thaum lub sij hawm ntawd nws tseem tsis tau paub txog cov subtleties xws li kev pab cuam hauv qab dej, lub platform ntawm cheeb tsam, tab sis cov kev tshwm sim sab nraud thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv tau piav qhia meej heev.
Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub nyoog dhau los ua hnub nyoog tsaus rau kev tshawb fawb thiab. Cov kev ua tiav ntawm kev vam meej yav dhau los tau ploj mus, European kev tshawb fawb tau hloov mus rau kev ntseeg, thiab qhov no piav qhia txog ntuj tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, thaj chaw kev tshawb fawb tsis txwv nws txoj kev loj hlob, nws qhov chaw tsuas yog hloov mus rau sab hnub tuaj. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, qhov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb tau ua los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Arab thiab cov neeg taug kev.
Nyob rau hauv XV-XVII centuries, geographical science thiab cartography maj mam pib rov qab mus rau Tebchaws Europe. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev taw qhia, lub sijhawm ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ntoj ke mus pib.
Raws li kev tshawb fawb cais
thaj chaw ntawm lub platform yogib ceg ntawm kev tshawb fawb uas kawm txog qhov loj ntawm lub pob zeb ntawm peb lub ntiaj teb, tsim nws cov thav duab. Cov cheeb tsam no tsis muaj zog hauv qhov tseem ceeb tectonic.
Lawv qhov ntev yog qhov loj thiab ntsuas hauv ntau lab square kilometers. Lawv npog ntau tshaj 40% ntawm tag nrho cov saum npoo av.
qauv
Platform geography yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb nyuaj nrog rau caj ces. Nws kawm tsis tau tsuas yog qhov chaw thiab kev txav ntawm lub ntiaj teb, tab sis kuj lawv cov qauv.
Cov ntaub thaiv npog uas yog ib feem ntawm cov platforms suav nrog hauv qab daus ledges tsis muaj pob zeb sedimentary. Qhov thib ob ntawm thaj chaw yog daim hlau hnav khaub ncaws npog.
Tsis txhob xav tias thaj av tau txiav txim los ntawm lub platform. Cov duab nyem kuj nyob ntawm cov pob zeb uas npog lawv.
Kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub feem ntau paub qhov txawv ntawm ob theem tseem ceeb. Hauv pem teb qis, qhov loj dua thiab sab saud, yog lub platform npog. Feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv sab saud yog tsim los ntawm cov pob zeb uas tsis hloov pauv.
Yuav ua li cas
Geologists thiab geographers txheeb xyuas lub platform thaum ub thiab cov hluas.
Lub hauv paus ntawm lub sijhawm Precambrian yog qhov zoo rau cov neeg qub. Cov no suav nrog East European, Siberian platforms, nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Hom no suav nrog kwv yees li 40% ntawm tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm cov teb chaws.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas platforms suav nrog hauv qab daus ntawm Paleozoic thiab Mesozoic hnub nyoog. Cov no yog Scythian, Turan, West Siberian. Nws yog nyob rau hauv hom platforms uas cov txheej txheem nruab nrab hauv pem teb tshwm sim. Lawv npog tsuas yog 5% ntawm thaj tsam ntawm cov teb chaws.
Russian platforms
Thiab dab tsi txog hauv Russia? Raws li kev tshawb fawb ywj pheej hauv Lavxias Federation, platform geography yog qhov tsis tshua muaj. Qhov no tseem ceeb kom paub.
Lavxias teb sab platforms tau kawm ntau dua nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm geology. Tom qab tag nrho, lub teb chaws yog dav thiab immeasurably loj.
Lavxias teb sab platforms suav nrog: East European, uas nyob sab Europe ib feem ntawm lub tebchaws nyob, West Siberian (nyob rau hauv lub roob Ural) thiab Siberian (txoj cai mus txog rau tus dej Lena thiab sib haum mus rau qhov chaw ntawm Central Siberian Plateau).
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, thaj chaw ntawm lub platform yog cov kev tshawb fawb sib cuam tshuam txog lub ntiaj teb, tsis yog lub plhaub sab nrauv, tab sis hais txog nws cov khoom siv sab hauv. Cov qauv ntawm lub ntiaj teb, nws txoj kev nyem nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb no txawv. Thiab koj ib txwm yuav tsum paub nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam twg, ntawm qhov thaiv thaiv, kev nyuaj siab lossis platform koj thaj av (lub nroog, lub tebchaws) nyob. Nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo li no, kev ua txhaum ntawm lub ntiaj teb pob zeb, av qeeg, roob hluav taws, tawg, kev puas tsuaj ntuj tsim thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj ntuj tsim tau los yog tsis tsim nyog. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov kev paub zoo li no yog qhov tsim nyog, kev kawm txog cov qauv ntawm lub ntiaj teb kuj tseem nthuav heev!
