Rakovsky Christian Georgievich: biography

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Rakovsky Christian Georgievich: biography
Rakovsky Christian Georgievich: biography
Anonim

Christian Georgievich Rakovsky - ib tug loj Soviet statesman thiab politician. Nws yog ib tug diplomat, koom nyob rau hauv lub revolutionary zog nyob rau hauv Fabkis, Russia, lub teb chaws Yelemees, lub Balkans thiab Ukraine. Kab lus no yuav tsom mus rau theem tseem ceeb ntawm nws phau ntawv keeb kwm.

Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Council of People's Commissars ntawm Ukrainian SSR
Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Council of People's Commissars ntawm Ukrainian SSR

Christian Georgievich Rakovsky yug hauv lub nroog Kotel ntawm thaj chaw tam sim no ntawm Bulgaria xyoo 1873. Lub sijhawm ntawd yog lub tebchaws Ottoman.

Nws yog tus tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm tus kiv puag ncig nto moo Georgy Rakovsky, uas tau los ua ib tus thawj coj ntawm lub tebchaws kev ywj pheej rau kev ywj pheej ntawm Bulgaria los ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv.

Tus tub xeeb ntxwv muaj tib lub tswv yim radical. Nws raug ntiab tawm ob zaug ntawm lub gymnasium rau kev hu xov tooj tsis raug cai rau kev hloov pauv lub zog thiab kev faib cov ntawv txwv txwv.

Xyoo 1887 nws tau hloov lub npe Kristya Stanchev, tau txais thaum yug los, kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws hu nws tus kheej Christian Georgievich Rakovsky.

Xyoo 1890 nws tsiv mus rau Switzerland. Nws kawm nyob rau hauv kws kho mob kws qhia ntawv ntawm University of Geneva, qhov chaw uas nws ntsib Lavxias teb sab revolutionaries. ATtshwj xeeb, nrog cov tswv cuab ntawm Social Democratic Party, piv txwv li, nrog Georgy Plekhanov.

Koom tes nrog cov kev ua ub no ntawm kev sib raug zoo. Nws txuas ntxiv nws hauv Berlin, qhov chaw nws nkag mus hauv tsev kawm kho mob. Vim nws txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg ntxeev siab, nws ua tsis tau tiav.

Kev ua haujlwm hloov pauv

Rakovsky thiab Trotsky
Rakovsky thiab Trotsky

Xyoo 1897, Christian Georgievich Rakovsky tsiv mus rau Russia, sib yuav Elizaveta Ryabova. Poj niam tuag thaum yug tau 5 xyoos.

Tom qab kev sib cais, RSDLP, ua ke nrog Gorky, tseem yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb ntawm Mensheviks thiab Bolsheviks. Nws koom tes ua haujlwm ntawm Marxist lub voj voog hauv St. Petersburg, tab sis tawm mus rau Fabkis xyoo 1902.

Rakovsky koom tes hauv kev txhim kho kev hloov pauv hauv Tebchaws Europe. Nws txoj kev siv zog tseem ceeb nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog tsom los tsim kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam hauv Balkans, feem ntau hauv Romania thiab Bulgaria.

Lub Socialist Party ntawm Romania, revived los ntawm nws nyob rau hauv 1910, los ua lub hauv paus ntawm lub Balkan Federation. Nws suav nrog cov neeg txhawb nqa kev coj noj coj ua los ntawm ntau lub zog nyob sib ze.

Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1, nws raug ntes nyob rau xyoo 1916 vim raug foob ua haujlwm rau cov yeeb ncuab, uas yog cov neeg German. Nws kuj raug liam ntawm pej xeem defeatism. Txog tam sim no, nws ntseeg tau tias muaj qhov laj thawj zoo los lees paub tias Rakovsky yog tus neeg sawv cev Austro-Bulgarian tiag tiag.

Rov qab mus rau Russia

nyob rau hauv lub diplomatic kev pab cuam
nyob rau hauv lub diplomatic kev pab cuam

Xyoo 1917 nws mus rau Russia tom qab nws tso tawm hauv tsev lojcuj. Tau los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm RSDLP (b), coj txoj kev sib twua haujlwm hauv Petrograd thiab Odessa.

Kev koom tes hauv kev ua haujlwm diplomatic. Nyob rau hauv 1918 nws tau coj ib tug delegation uas yuav tsum tau sib tham nrog lub Ukrainian Central Rada. Tuaj txog hauv Kursk, lawv tau kawm txog Skoropadsky txoj kev tawm tsam, kev tawm tsam nrog cov neeg German, uas txuas ntxiv kev tawm tsam.

Raws li cov lus qhia ntawm Skoropadsky tsoomfwv, nws tuaj rau Kyiv txuas ntxiv kev sib tham nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Ukrainian People's Republic. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis pub leej twg paub nrog cov neeg sawv cev raug tshem tawm ntawm Rada txhawm rau kom ua raws cai rau Pawg Neeg Communist hauv Ukraine.

Lub Cuaj Hlis nws tau tawm mus ua tus neeg sawv cev rau lub tebchaws Yelemes. Tsis ntev nws raug ntiab tawm ntawm lub tebchaws.

Ua haujlwm hauv Ukraine

Christian Rakovsky
Christian Rakovsky

Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1919, Rakovsky tau los ua thawj tus thawj coj ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Tib Neeg Commissars ntawm Ukrainian SSR, nyob rau tib lub sijhawm nws tau coj Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev rau Kev Ua Haujlwm Txawv Tebchaws ntawm tebchaws. Bolsheviks vam tias nws yuav tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tsoomfwv qhov teebmeem.

Nws tau ua haujlwm hauv cov ntawv no mus txog xyoo 1923, dhau los ua ib tus thawj coj ntawm Soviet lub zog hauv cheeb tsam no. Qhov tseeb, txhua lub sijhawm no nws yog tus thawj coj nom tswv loj tshaj plaws ntawm tebchaws.

Xyoo 1923, nws thuam Stalin vim nws txoj hauv kev rau cov teeb meem ntawm kev nom kev tswv hauv tebchaws. Yog li ntawd, lub neej yav tom ntej generalissimo liam nws ntawm kev cais tawm thiab confederalism. Ib hlis tom qab nws raug ntiab tawm thiab raug xaiv tsa Ambassador rau Askiv.

Vim vim muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog cov thawj coj hauv tebchaws hauv xyoo 1927, Rakovsky raug ntiab tawm ntawm tog, xa mus rau kev khiav tawm hauv Kustanai tau 4 xyoos, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau Barnaul rau plaub xyoos ntxiv.

Nws tau rov kho dua hauv CPSU, tab sis hauvXyoo 1936 raug ntiab tawm dua. Nws paub tias nws raug ntes ntawm Yezhov cov lus tshwj xeeb, hais tus kheej rau Stalin.

Tom qab ob peb lub hlis ntawm kev nug, nws lees txim tias koom nrog kev tawm tsam tsoomfwv thiab ua haujlwm rau kev txawj ntse hauv tebchaws Askiv thiab Nyij Pooj. Tau txais 20 xyoo nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj.

Lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1941, nws raug tua nrog rau lwm tus neeg raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj Oryol hauv hav zoov Medvedev.

Nyob rau xyoo 1988, Rakovsky tau rov kho dua tom qab, rov ua haujlwm hauv tog.

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