Shota Rustaveli - tus kws sau paj huam zoo thiab lub xeev

Cov txheej txheem:

Shota Rustaveli - tus kws sau paj huam zoo thiab lub xeev
Shota Rustaveli - tus kws sau paj huam zoo thiab lub xeev
Anonim

Shota Rustaveli yog tus kws sau paj huam Georgian zoo ntawm xyoo pua 12th. Nws yog lub hnub qub ntawm Georgian lub nceeg vaj nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntawm tus naas ej Georgian poj huab tais Tamara. Nws yog lub sijhawm uas zoo Georgia tau paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb - lub xeev me me ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Dub tau txais kev hwm los ntawm cov neeg zej zog muaj zog thiab muaj zog dua. Ib tug ntawm cov nom tswv uas hwm tshaj plaws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd yog Shota Rustaveli.

Biography

Tseem tsis muaj qhov chaw qhia txog thaum yau ntawm tus kws sau paj huam zoo.

Shota Rustaveli yees duab
Shota Rustaveli yees duab

Nws yug thaum 60-70s ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th. Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov chaw yug - feem ntau yuav, lo lus "Rustaveli" tsis yog lub npe, tab sis qhia txog thaj chaw uas Shota yug. Lub npe "Rustavi" tau nqa los ntawm ntau qhov chaw nyob hauv ntau thaj tsam ntawm Georgia.

Keeb kwm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam yav tom ntej tseem yog qhov tsis paub. Raws li qee qhov chaw, Shota Rustaveli tau yug los rau hauv tsev neeg nplua nuj thiab muaj peev xwm. Tom qab ntawd cov lus nug tshwm sim vim li cas thiaj li ci ntsa iabtus neeg puas tau zais nws tsev neeg? Nws zoo nkaus li xav paub ntau ntxiv tias nws tau yug los rau hauv tsev neeg txom nyem, tab sis rau nws lub peev xwm nws raug coj mus rau lub tsev ntawm Georgian cov nom tswv, tej zaum Bagrationi.

Shota Rustaveli thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb
Shota Rustaveli thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb

Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev loj hlob zoo uas Shota tau txais yog yuav luag ntseeg tau: nws tau siv nws lub xyoo thaum ntxov hauv ib lub tsev teev ntuj Meskheti, thiab tom qab ntawd kawm hauv tebchaws Greece, tau paub lus Greek thiab Latin, kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm Homer thiab Plato, theology, lub hauv paus ntawm poetics thiab rhetoric. Qhov kev paub no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau nws hauv kev pabcuam pej xeem.

Georgia hauv lub xyoo pua 12th

Kev kav huab tais Tamara tsis yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig hu ua lub hnub nyoog kub ntawm xeev Georgian. Tus poj niam no koom ua ib lub hauv paus tshwj xeeb rau hauv ib lub tebchaws loj. Kev tswj hwm ntawm huab tais txawj ntse thiab kawm tau zoo ua rau muaj kev vam meej ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab kev sau ntawv ntawm Georgia thaum ub, mus rau kev tsim cov ntawv sau tshiab, uas tau coj lawv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm ntiaj teb kev sau ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los. Ntxiv rau Rustaveli zoo, nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Tamara, kws sau paj lug xws li Shavteli thiab Chakhrukadze tau tsim lawv tej hauj lwm, uas nws odes, hu nkauj poj huab tais Tamara, muaj ib feem ciaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no. Ib puag ncig zoo li no tau muab cov ntawv sau tawm sai sai rau tus kws sau ntawv hluas, thiab Shota Rustaveli tau ua kom lub ntiaj teb txaus siab nrog nws txoj haujlwm tsis txawj tuag.

Nkauj paj huam

Qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm 1187 thiab 1207, Shota Rustaveli tau sau nws zaj paj huam "Tus Knight hauv Tiger (Leopard) Skin". Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm paj huam tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam loj, thiab ntawm cov cim ntawm paj huam muaj cov neeg sawv cev.tsis muaj teb chaws thiab haiv neeg. Kev txawj ntse siv ntau yam kev sau ntawv, tus sau tau piav qhia qhov tseeb ntawm ntau qib kev muaj tiag ntawm Georgia niaj hnub. Lub heroine ntawm paj huam yog tos rau kev sib yuav nrog cov tsis hlub. Nws tsis kam yuav nws, rau cov neeg siab phem uas raug kaw hauv Kadzhet ntauwd. Peb tus ntxaib knights sib ntaus sib tua rau nws txoj kev ywj pheej thiab thaum kawg tus ntxhais raug tso tawm. Cov ntawv sau ntawv no txhawb nqa kev yeej ntawm kev ua siab zoo thiab kev ncaj ncees tshaj kev khib thiab kev ua qhev.

Shota Rustaveli: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?
Shota Rustaveli: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem muaj ntau yam keeb kwm thiab kev sau ntawv qhia txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm zaj paj huam, nrog rau kev qhia tsis ncaj ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsim cov ntawv sau no. Lub prologue hu nkauj ntawm Tamara txoj kev kav thiab nws txoj kev hlub rau David Soslan. Nyob rau hauv qhov kawg stanzas, tus kws sau paj lug quaj rau kev tuag ntawm huab tais, kuj muaj ib tug hint ntawm kev sau ntawv ntawm Shota Rustaveli - nws tau qhia tias tus sau ntawm cov kab no yog "ib tug tsis paub Meskh los ntawm Rustavi."

kev pabcuam pej xeem

zaj paj huam tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub. Tus sau tau txais txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv huab tais. Tamara muab tus cwj mem kub rau nws, uas tau muab tsub rau Shota Rustaveli rau nws txoj kev sau ntawv. Phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam hais tias khoom plig ntawm tus cwj mem kub yuav tsum nyob hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv lub kaus mom. Nws tau suav hais tias yog lub cim ntawm nws txoj kev kawm, kev txawj sau ntawv thiab kev nyiam ntawm tus poj huab tais. Cov plaub no nrog Shota Rustaveli txhua qhov chaw - cov duab coj los ntawm cov frescoes thaum ub ua pov thawj tias tus kws sau paj huam ib txwm hnav lub cim no.

Hnub hauv Yeluxalees

Tshaj maj mam qhuas rau qhov zoo duaTamara loj hlob mus rau hauv kev xav tob. Thaum tus poj huab tais paub txog qhov kev xav no, Rustaveli poob ntawm kev txaus siab. Tus kws sau paj lug raug yuam kom khiav mus rau Yeluxalees.

Shota Rustaveli Georgian statesman
Shota Rustaveli Georgian statesman

Nws, feem ntau yuav, tau cog lus monastic nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm tus Vaj Ntsuj Cross thiab, ua tsaug rau lub tsev, pleev xim rau cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tuam tsev thaum ub nrog frescoes zoo kawg nkaus, ua rau nws nco txog nws lub tebchaws nyob deb. Tus kws sau paj huam Georgian kuj tuag lawm. Cov kwv tij monastic tsis hnov qab txog lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb ntawm tus kws sau paj lug - nws gravestone yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog inscription "Shota Rustaveli - Georgian statesman (vizir)". Kuj tseem muaj cov duab ntawm Rustaveli hauv cov khaub ncaws zoo nkauj Georgian thiab nrog cov ntawv sau sib xws hauv Georgian. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv sau, tus kws sau paj lug thov Vajtswv kom muaj kev hlub tshua rau nws thiab zam txim rau nws tag nrho nws tej kev txhaum.

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