Naimans yog ib pab pawg tub rog uas muaj zog ntawm Turkic lossis Mongolian keeb kwm, uas tau taug kev mus rau thaj chaw ntawm Central Asia hauv Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab. Lawv tau los koom nrog cov haiv neeg keeb kwm ntawm ntau haiv neeg, tshwj xeeb yog Mongols, Kirghiz, Karakalpaks, Naais, Tatars, Khazars thiab Buryats. Raws li ib feem ntawm Kazakhs, Naiman suav txog ib thiab ib nrab lab, uas yog ib feem kaum ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem. Cov pab pawg no nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv tau hais nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv medieval chronicles. Txawm li cas los xij, keeb kwm ntawm Naiman, nrog rau lawv cov lus thiab haiv neeg, tseem tseem muaj kev sib cav thiab yog qhov tsis paub tseeb rau cov kws tshawb fawb.
Hais txog lub teb chaws
Ib txhia ntseeg hais tias lub npe ntawm cov neeg los ntawm lub hauv paus chaw nyob ntawm pawg neeg no - lub ntug dej ntawm lub Maima River, uas yog ib tug tributary ntawm lub Katun, originated nyob rau hauv lub Altai roob. Tsis tas li ntawd, lo lus "naiman" hauv kev txhais lus los ntawm cov lus Turkic txhais tau tias "yim". Qhov no yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm lwm version, cov hauv paus hniav uas nkag mus tob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm Naiman. Lub genus ntawm yim poj koob yawm txwv - yog li nws yuav tsum yogtxhais lub npe no. Thiab lub ntsiab ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv, raws li cov lus dab neeg, yog Okresh. Tab sis feem ntau lub npe ntawm cov haiv neeg no txhais tau tias "yim haiv neeg." Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj txog ob kaum versions ntawm qhov teeb meem no.
History of the people in the X-XV centuries
Raws li qee qhov qauv, ua ntej xyoo pua 10, cov Naimans yog ib feem ntawm Turkic Khaganate rau qee lub sijhawm. Thiab tom qab nws lub cev qhuav dej, lawv tau koom nrog kev tsim lub xeev Karakhanids, ua ke nrog Kereys, Karluks thiab lwm pab pawg neeg qub ntawm Central Asia. Nyob rau hauv lub runic monuments ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd, lawv tau hu ua cov neeg Segiz-Oguz. Tab sis qhov no, dua, tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov versions.
keeb kwm kev nom kev tswv ntawm Naiman yog tag nrho ntawm cov xwm txheej. Lawv tau tsim lub teb chaws loj heev thiab tawm tsam cov neeg kov yeej. Lawv tau muaj kev ntxhov siab loj hauv lawv lub neej. Los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm kev ntxeem tau ntawm Genghis Khan, uas yog, los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th, lawv tau suav hais tias yog cov muaj zog tshaj ntawm Turkic pab pawg neeg. Thiab yog li ntawd, tus tub rog loj tsis tau tswj hwm tam sim ntawd kom kov yeej lawv, tab sis tsuas yog tom qab kev kov yeej ntawm lwm haiv neeg nyob sib ze lawv, kev xav txog kev nom kev tswv thiab kev siv cov tswv yim ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov yeeb ncuab rog. Raws li kev tawm tsam ntawm Genghis Khan, ib feem ntawm Naiman raug yuam kom txav mus rau thaj av sab hnub poob, thaum lwm tus sib xyaw nrog Mongols, maj mam coj lawv cov kab lis kev cai thiab kev coj noj coj ua.
Tom qab ntawd, tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm lub xeev Turkic nruab nrab ntawm Chagatai ulus, cov Naiman tau sim tswj hwm lawv pawg neeg cov qauv. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm Tamerlane, lub teb chaws no nyob ib ncig ntawmNura thiab Ishim Rivers. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th nws tau los ua ib feem ntawm Kazakh thiab Kyrgyz pab pawg, sib koom txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg no, coj ntawm lawv nyob deb ntawm qhov kawg, tab sis txawm yog ib qho chaw hwm. Xws li yog keeb kwm ntawm Naiman.
Keeb kwm thiab lus
Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis paub ntau txog kev cai qub ntawm pawg neeg niaj hnub no. Hauv cov lus niaj hnub no ntawm cov neeg ntawm Central Asia, tsuas yog ob peb lo lus tseem tshuav los ntawm Naiman lus, thiab qee qhov ntawm lawv tau qiv. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom txiav txim siab keeb kwm keeb kwm ntawm pawg neeg no los ntawm cov lus. Yog tias peb xav txog lawv cov neeg Segiz-Oguz tau hais hauv keeb kwm ntawm 8th-9th centuries, ces Altai, Kazakh thiab qee thaj tsam ze yuav tsum suav tias yog qhov chaw ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob thaum ub. Yog li ntawd, lawv cov lus tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig, nws yog Turkic keeb kwm.
Tab sis raws li qee cov lus ceeb toom, cov Naiman yog cov neeg hais lus Mongolian. Thiab muaj pov thawj scientific rau qhov ntawd thiab. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv, khaws cia los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov invaders, uas thaum lub sij hawm ua tub rog sib cav nrog cov Mongols thiab Keraites, lawv tuaj yeem sib txuas lus zoo nrog lawv thiab nkag siab zoo txog lawv cov lus. Hauv qhov no, nws hloov tawm tias keeb kwm ntawm Naiman thiab lawv cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum tau nrhiav ntawm cov neeg Khitan, taug kev hauv thaj av Suav. Tab sis kev sib cav ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tab tom ua.
Kazakh xeem Naimans
Cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm pawg neeg qub no tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub no. Tshwj xeeb, dhau ib puas xyoo dhau los, cov Naimans tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm Kazakhstan, nrog rau hauv nws cov txheej txheem ethnogenetic. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th thiab tom qab ntawd, lawv nyobntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Amu Darya, nyob hauv Karakum, Afghan thaj chaw, thaj chaw ntawm Western Kazakhstan. Lawv nyob hauv cov chaw no txawm tias tam sim no.
Nyob deb txawv teb chaws nrog Naimans tuaj yeem pom hauv UK, Fabkis, txawm nyob hauv Asmeskas. Thiab, tau kawg, lawv nyob hauv cov tebchaws uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm Naimans, uas yog, hauv Afghanistan, Pakistan, Mongolia, Tuam Tshoj, Russia.
Cov neeg sawv cev niaj hnub ntawm pawg neeg no los ntawm Kazakhs ntawm Middle Zhuz, raws li txoj cai, tsis txawv ntau yam ntawm cov neeg European, feem ntau muaj lub ntsej muag thiab tawv nqaij. Raws li qhov xwm txheej, lawv yog cov neeg muaj zog, muaj zog-willed, selfless thiab ua siab loj. Lawv ua haujlwm hnyav, thiab lawv cov poj niam mob siab rau thiab nyiaj txiag. Cov neeg no yog inquisitive thiab sociable, tab sis tib lub sij hawm cunning thiab soj ntsuam. Thiab yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwj xeeb nrog lawv so thaum koj ntsib.
