Cov kab mob lymphatic yog ib txoj hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem hauv cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov kabmob, tsis muaj lub cev ua haujlwm tsis tau. Lub cev yog suav tias yog ib feem ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lymphatic hlab ntsha hla lawv txoj kev los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, uas yog cov lim dej ntawm lub cev. Lymph nws tus kheej (los ntawm Latin txhais tau tias "dej" los yog "dej ntshiab") yog ib yam ntawm cov kua dej interstitial. Nws yog pob tshab thiab tsis muaj xim, ntxuav thiab ntxuav tag nrho lub cev.
Txoj haujlwm ntawm lub cev lymphatic
Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj:
- thaiv kev ua haujlwm thiab siv cov neeg ua phem;
- pab cov kua dej ntws tawm, tshem tawm cov co toxins thiab metabolites los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg;
- yog koom nrog kev xa cov khoom noj los ntawm cov hnyuv me hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov rog, fatty acids (cov protein tau nqus mus rau hauv cov ntshav tam sim ntawm lawv tus kheej);
- tsim cov lymphocytes - cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Nws paub tias cov kab mob lymphatic hauv cov poj niam muaj qhov lojceg, tab sis txiv neej muaj cov qog ntshav ntau dua.
Tag nrho, muaj ntau dua 500 pob hauv lub cev! Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntsiab lus ua siab phem rau lub cev raug lim thiab ua tiav ntawm theem ntawm cov qog ntshav thiab rhuav tshem hauv cov qog ntshav. Cov no yog cov seem ntawm cov hlwb tuag, lwm cov ntaub so ntswg, cov hlwb mutant, microbes thiab lawv cov metabolites. Lymph, qhov tseeb, ua lub lim dej, uas yog, nws ntxuav cov co toxins, cov kab mob pathogenic thiab cov ntaub so ntswg lwj.
Anatomy ntawm lymphatic system
Anatomically, lub lymphatic system muaj:
- lymphatic capillaries;
- cov hlab ntsha uas muaj zog ntxiv - lawv sib koom ua ke rau hauv cov ducts lossis pob tw;
- lymph nodes;
- cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav (lawv suav nrog thymus, tonsils thiab spleen).
Lymph zog
Lymph ntws ib txwm coj los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw, thiab ntawm qhov ceev tsis tu ncua. Ntau cov hlab ntsha mus txog qhov nodes, thiab 1-2 tawm tuaj. Cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog tas li cog lus vim lawv cov leeg nqaij fibers thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm li qub.
Thiab cov qog ntshav qog kuj tshwm sim nrog lawv cov kev pab. Muaj qhov pom tseeb ntau li qub hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha ntau dua li cov hlab ntsha. Lymph yog synthesized nyob rau hauv lymphatic capillaries. Tom qab cov nodes, cov purified thiab lim cov lymph ntws mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha loj. Ntawm txoj kev los ntawm txhua lub hauv nruab nrog cev, cov qog ntshav hla dhau ntau cov qog ntshav.
Meaning of lymph
Yog tias cov qog ntshav tsis tawm hauv lub cev tsawg kawg 2 teev, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Yog li lub cevtas li xav tau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lymphatic system.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm lub lymphatic system thiab cov hlab ntsha
Qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub tshuab yog raws li hauv qab no.
- Tsis muaj kua dej hauv cov kab mob lymphatic vim nws qhib.
- Yog tias cov ntshav hauv cov hlab ntsha txav mus rau 2 qhov sib txawv - cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha, ces nyob rau hauv lymphatic - nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia.
- Tsis muaj lub hauv paus twj tso kua mis hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub plawv cov leeg hauv cov qog ntshav. Tsuas yog lub tshuab valve yog siv los txav cov qog ntshav.
- ntshav txav nrawm dua li lymph.
- Qhov tseem ceeb! Tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nodes nyob rau hauv lub circulatory system; lymph nodes yog ib yam khoom rau cov lymphocytes, uas yog synthesized thiab kawm ntawm no. Cov ntshav cov ntsiab lus no yog thawj pab ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis.
qauv ntawm lymphatic capillaries
Capillaries yog thawj qhov txuas ntawm lymph system. Cov qauv ntawm cov lymphatic capillaries txawv txawv ntawm cov ntshav capillaries: lawv tsuas yog kaw ntawm ib kawg. Qhov muag tsis pom qhov kawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog tus pin-puab thiab dilated me ntsis.
Ua ke, lymphatic capillaries, txawm tias lawv cov caliber me me, tsim kom muaj zog sib txuas hauv lub cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Kev sib koom ua ke, lawv dhau mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha lymphatic ntawm txoj kab uas loj dua, ib yam li hauv cov ntshav capillaries lawv nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha.
Cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog nyias nyias, ua tsaug rau tsuas yog ib txheej ntawm endothelial hlwb. Protein compounds dhau los ntawm lawv yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Los ntawm no lawv twb xa mus rau cov leeg. Lymph capillariesua haujlwm yuav luag txhua qhov chaw, hauv txhua cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev. Lawv tsuas yog tsis tuaj nyob rau hauv lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg, nws daim nyias nyias, pob txha mos thiab nyob rau hauv lub cev tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej. Lawv tsis muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw mos.
Lymphatic capillaries loj dua hauv txoj kab uas hla (txog 0.2 hli) piv rau cov ntshav capillaries, vim lawv qhov txuas ntxiv (lacunae) ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas rau hauv lub network. Lawv contours yog uneven. Cov phab ntsa ntawm capillaries yog tsim los ntawm ib txheej ntawm endotheliocytes, uas yog ob peb zaug loj dua cov qe ntshav. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm txoj kab uas hla predetermines kev koom tes nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub capillary phab ntsa.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lymphocapillaries
Lub ntsiab lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lymphatic capillaries yog cov qog ntshav qog, tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm thiab lymphopoiesis.
Lymphatic hlab ntsha tau piav qhia thawj zaug thiab pom nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog (1651) los ntawm Jean Pequet, tus kws kho lub cev los ntawm Fabkis. Raws li txoj cai, cov hlab ntsha lymphatic hauv cov ntaub so ntswg khiav mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Raws li lawv qhov chaw, lawv sib sib zog nqus (nyob rau hauv lub cev hauv nruab nrog cev) thiab superficial (tom ntej no mus rau lub saphenous leeg). Cov nkoj no sib txuas lus nrog ib leeg los ntawm anastomoses.
qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha lymphatic
Lymphatic capillaries thiab lymphatic hlab ntsha ntawm lub caliber loj sib txawv tsis tsuas yog qhov loj, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov phab ntsa. Cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha me yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem endothelial thiab cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas.
Cov qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha nruab nrab thiab loj lymphatic zoo li cov leeg - lawv cov phab ntsa kuj muaj peb txheej. Nov yog:
- cov ntaub so ntswg sab nraud;
- mediumcov leeg nqaij du;
- endothelial puab txheej.
Vim cov kev txuas ntxiv, lawv zoo li cov paj ntoo. Vascular li qub yog tsim los ntawm folds ntawm endothelium. Lub thickness ntawm li qub muaj fibers fibers.
Cov hlab ntsha loj muaj lawv cov ntshav capillaries hauv lawv cov phab ntsa, uas lawv tau txais zaub mov rau lawv tus kheej, thiab lawv cov hlab ntsha. Lymphatic hlab ntsha muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kabmob. Cov kev zam yog pob txha mos, parenchyma ntawm tus po, sclera thiab lens.
