Muaj ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv Lavxias niaj hnub no. Ntawm lawv yog cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas sau kom raug: "hauv Ukraine" lossis "hauv Ukraine". Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Ukraine thiab Lavxias teb sab Federation uas tau pib nyob rau hauv 2014, cov nom tswv ntawm ob lub teb chaws yog nquag speculating rau qhov no. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias peb paub daws teeb meem los ntawm tag nrho cov no thiab tsom mus rau kev hais lus, dab tsi yog qhov tseeb preposition siv? Cia peb kawm.
Cov qauv sau ntawv puas nyob ntawm kev nom kev tswv?
Txawm hais tias cov lus hais ntau npaum li cas los tuav lub hauv siab, sib cav tias cov cai ntawm cov lus tsis muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev nom kev tswv, nws tsim nyog lees paub tias qhov no tsis yog li ntawd.
Qhov ntsiab lus tsuas yog lus tuag xwb. Kev hais lus nyob tsis tu ncua, hloov mus rau cov kab lis kev cai tshiab, thev naus laus zis thiab kev nom kev tswv. Tom qab tag nrho, lus yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ib tug kev sib txuas lus cuab yeej. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws yuav tsum ua kom yooj yim npaum li qhov ua tau rau lub hom phiaj no thiab hloov zuj zus nrog rau tib neeg siv nws, txwv tsis pubyuav tuag.
Nyob rau hauv qhov no, txhua qhov teeb meem kev hais lus yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab txog qhov xwm txheej uas ua rau nws tshwm sim.
Yuav ua li cas prepositions tau ua thaum ub cov neeg sau keeb kwm siv
Ua ntej yuav xyuam xim rau lo lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas yog lo lus "hauv Ukraine" lossis "hauv Ukraine" sau raug li cas?
Yog li, tom qab kev tawg ntawm Kievan Rus, nws thaj av tau muab faib ua lawv tus kheej los ntawm cov thawj coj nyob sib ze. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov thawj coj ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv tau nrhiav kev qhia tias nws yog tus txais txiaj ntsig rau lub xeev no, ntxiv cov npe "Tag nrho Russia" rau nws lub npe.
Lub sijhawm dhau los, Grand Duchy ntawm Lithuania, Grand Duchy ntawm Moscow thiab Lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Poland tau los ua tus muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam no. Lawv nquag sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lawv tus kheej rau thaj chaw dawb, uas tau dhau los ua ib qho chaw tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm lawv thiab cov xeev ntawm cov neeg nomadic.
Meanwhile, cov av no (tseem nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm niaj hnub Ukraine) twb inhabited los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj lawv tus kheej kab lis kev cai thiab lus, uas tswj kom khaws tag nrho cov no.
Vim kev tsov rog tsis tu ncua, ciam teb hloov tas li. Lub teb chaws nyob ib puag ncig tau pib hu cov av tsis sib haum - "Outskirts", thiab cov lus qhia "on" pib siv rau lawv. Thawj cov piv txwv ntawm kev sau ntawv no twb pom nyob rau hauv Galicia-Volyn thiab Lvov annals.
Thaum lub sijhawm sim los ntawm Bogdan Khmelnitsky los tsim lub xeev ywj pheej, hauv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau Ukraine, nwstxuas ntxiv cov kev lig kev cai ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv, siv lub preposition "on".
Nyob hauv tebchaws Russia
Tom qab Khmelnitsky tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub teb chaws raug nws mus rau Muscovite lub nceeg vaj hauv 1654, Ukraine tseem yog ib feem ntawm lub xeev no thiab nws cov qub txeeg qub teg (Lub Tebchaws Lavxias, USSR) rau ntau pua xyoo. Lub preposition siv li cas?
Tom qab Moscow lub nceeg vaj tau hloov mus rau hauv lub teb chaws Ottoman, lo lus tseem ceeb "Me Russia" tau pib hais txog kev cuam tshuam rau lub xeev Cossack. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lo lus "Ukrainian" txuas ntxiv siv rau hauv kev hais lus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev lig kev cai ntawm kev sau ntawv "rau Ukraine" tshwm sim, uas tau ua tiav nrog kev xaiv "rau Ukraine."
A. S. Pushkin xav li cas txog kev siv prepositions?
Txhua tus paub tias cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no ntawm Lavxias yog ua raws li cov haujlwm ntawm A. S. Pushkin. Cov classic zoo li cas xav txog cov lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas sau kom raug: "hauv Ukraine" lossis "hauv Ukraine"?".
Txiv neej raws li nws yuav zoo li, qhov kev xaiv thib ob muaj ntau heev hauv nws cov haujlwm. Ib qho kev sau zoo sib xws tuaj yeem pom hauv paj huam "Poltava" thiab cov ntawv tshiab hauv nqe "Eugene Onegin".
Vim li cas Alexander Sergeevich tuav qhov kev xav no? Cov lus teb yog yooj yim. Zoo li ntau tus nom tswv ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, Pushkin hais lus Fab Kis zoo dua li nws hom lus. Thiab nyob rau hauv nws lub preposition "on" nyob rau hauv relation mus rau qhov chaw tsis tau siv. Hloov ntawm qhov noyuav luag ib txwm siv qhov kev xaiv "in" (en). Yog li ntawd, tau siv rau kev xav thiab hais lus en Russie, en France txij thaum yau, thaum sau paj huam txog Ukraine, Alexander Sergeevich siv en Ukraine los ntawm kev sib piv.
Los ntawm txoj kev, rau tib lub laj thawj nyob rau xyoo ntawd, ntau tus nom tswv, rau lo lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas hais: "ntawm" lossis "hauv Ukraine"?", Teb tias qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog qhov tseeb. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm N. V. Gogol, L. N. Tolstoy thiab A. P. Chekhov, lub variant nrog "v" yog siv.
Dab tsi ua ntej T. G. Shevchenko thiab P. A. Kulish siv?
Cov qauv lus Ukrainian niaj hnub no yog ua raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm Taras Shevchenko. Nws xav li cas txog cov lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas yog txoj kev hais tias: "nyob" lossis "hauv Ukraine"? Cov lus teb rau qhov no tuaj yeem pom hauv nws cov paj huam zoo.
Thiab lawv muaj ob qho kev xaiv. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov paj huam "Zapovit" cov lus qhia "Rau Ukraine nyob zoo" yog siv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv nws txoj haujlwm "Kuv txoj kev xav, kuv xav" nws tau sau: "Mus rau Ukraine, menyuam yaus! Rau peb Ukraine."
Shevchenko tau txais kev lig kev cai ntawm kev sau ntawv "rau Ukraine" nyob qhov twg? Tab sis nws cov phooj ywg tam sim no thiab nyob ze, Panteleimon Alexandrovich Kulish, uas tsim cov tsiaj ntawv Ukrainian, tau sau "hauv Ukraine" hauv nws cov ntawv tshiab txog Cossacks "Black Rada"? Thiab yog vim li cas Kobzar siv ob lub prepositions?
Cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no, xws li nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm Pushkin, yuav tsum pom nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawm ob tus kws sau ntawv. Yog li, Kulish tsis tsuas yog kawm keeb kwm ntawm Ukraine, tab sis kuj yog ib tug polyglot, txawj ntse nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov lus Slavic, thiabkuj yog lus Askiv, Fabkis, German, Mev, Swedish, Hebrew thiab Latin. Cov kev paub dav dav no tau pab nws xaiv qhov preposition "on" tsis yog los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov qauv sau ntawv xwb, tab sis vim nws nquag siv hauv cov ntawv sau tseg.
Tab sis tus poj koob Kobzar tsis tuaj yeem khav ntawm kev kawm tshwj xeeb. Txij li thaum yau, nws paub Ukrainian lus, tom qab ntawd qhov kev xav tau yuam nws mus kawm Lavxias thiab Polish. Tsis muaj kev paub tob ntawm cov lus thiab lawv cov qauv sau ntawv zoo li Kulish tau ua, Shevchenko tsuas yog siv cov kev xaiv uas tsim nyog rau cov lus sib dhos thaum sau paj huam, tsis xav txog nws qhov tseeb. Yuav ua li cas nws thiaj paub ntau npaum li cas nws tej hauj lwm yuav txhais tau rau Ukrainians nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej?
Dab tsi preposition tau siv hauv UNR
Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig ntawm 1917, lub sijhawm peb xyoos ntawm kev muaj nyob ntawm UNR (1917-1920), nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv, lub preposition "rau" tau siv nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm lub tshiab tsim. teb chaws.
Ntxim qab kawg, thaum Ukraine tau los ua ib feem ntawm USSR, thiab ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev nom kev tswv raug yuam kom tsiv teb tsaws, feem ntau ntawm lawv cov ntaub ntawv lawv tau sau "hauv Ukraine" ntau zaus.
Txoj kev daws teeb meem ntawm Soviet
Raws li kev sau ntawv ntawm USSR, nws yog kev cai siv lub preposition "rau". Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog qhov kev sib cav uas tau siv niaj hnub no los ntawm cov neeg piav qhia vim li cas "hauv Ukraine" thiab tsis yog "hauv Ukraine" yog qhov tseeb.
Ib zaug, zoo ib yamlub variant twb yog ib qho kev zam rau cov cai rau kev siv cov prepositions. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau lwm lub teb chaws ntawm ib tug uas tsis yog-kos kob, raws li zoo raws li lub Soviet koom pheej, lub preposition "hauv" tau siv. Piv txwv li: rau Canada, mus rau Kazakhstan.
"Hauv Ukraine" lossis "hauv Ukraine": uas yog, raws li cov qauv ntawm niaj hnub Ukrainian spelling
Tom qab Ukraine tau txais kev ywj pheej hauv xyoo 1991, ntau qhov chaw tau hloov kho, suav nrog cov qauv sau ntawv. Nws tau txiav txim siab siv lub preposition "hauv" nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau lub teb chaws tshiab tsim. Thiab qhov kev sau nrog "to" yog pom tias tsis siv lawm.
Xyoo 1993, tsoomfwv ntawm Ukraine tau thov rau kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Lavxias Federation nrog kev thov kom siv cov lus qhia "hauv" ntsig txog lub npe ntawm lawv lub xeev. Txij li qhov no tau ua tiav nrog kev sau ntawv ntawm lwm lub tebchaws ywj pheej.
Ntawm cov lus sib cav yog tias thaum Ukraine yog ib feem ntawm USSR, hais txog nws, raws li ib cheeb tsam, nws tau txais kev xaiv "rau", ib yam li "hauv Caucasus". Txawm li cas los xij, tau dhau los ua ib lub xeev tshwj xeeb uas muaj ciam teb meej meej, lub teb chaws no yuav tsum tau txais txoj cai sau raws li "v".
Yuav ua li cas kom raug "hauv Ukraine" lossis "hauv Ukraine" raws li cov cai ntawm cov lus Lavxias
Nyob rau hauv teb rau qhov kev thov rov hais dua ntawm tsoom fwv ntawm Ukraine, preposition "nyob rau hauv" pib siv nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv raug cai ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.
Tsis tas li, raws li kev xav ntawm tus neeg sib tw ntawm philological sciences O. M. Vinogradov RAS), nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sib raug zoo nrog lub Ukrainian xeev, koj yuav tsum tau sau "hauv". Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov sib txawv nrog "rau" txuas ntxiv ua cov qauv sau ntawv ntawm cov lus Lavxias sab nraud ntawm kev ua lag luam style.
Tib lo lus teb rau lo lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas sau kom raug: "rau" lossis "hauv Ukraine"? tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias Ukraine yog tib lub xeev uas tsis yog-kos ywj pheej nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo uas cov lus qhia "rau" thiab tsis "hauv" yog siv hauv Lavxias.
Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias qhov kev xaiv niaj hnub no tsuas yog khoom plig rau kev lig kev cai. Puas tsim nyog khaws cia? Ib qho teeb meem tsis sib haum xeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm Lavxias-Ukrainian teeb meem, thaum Ukrainians pom tias siv lub preposition "on" raws li ib tug encroachment rau lub sovereignty ntawm lawv lub xeev.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj zoo
Tau paub yuav ua li cas sau "hauv" lossis "hauv Ukraine" kom raug, nws yog lub sijhawm los kawm yuav ua li cas "mus ncig" rau lub tebchaws no (raws li cov qauv sau ntawv).
Yog li, nyob rau hauv Soviet kev lig kev cai, kev xaiv nrog lub preposition "on" yog ib txwm muaj feem xyuam, vim lub teb chaws no yog ib feem ntawm USSR. Cov uas txuas ntxiv siv qhov kev xaiv no hnub no yuav mus "rau Ukraine."
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov ntaub ntawv raug cai hais txog kev sib raug zoo nrog lub tebchaws no, cov lus qhia "hauv" yuav tsum siv. Piv txwv li: "Tus Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau mus rau Ukraine ntawm kev mus ntsib." Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaum tham txog lub xeev no ua ib thaj chaw, koj yuav tsum tau muab lub preposition "rau": "Lub hom phiaj ntawm tib neeg lub luag haujlwm ntawm Red Cross tuaj txog ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Ukraine."
Xav txog kev mus ncig "rau" lossis "rau Ukraine", koj yuav tsum saib cov ntsiab lus ib txwm. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog lub teb chaws ua ntej Lub Yim Hli 1991, thaum nws tau los ua neeg ywj pheej, koj tuaj yeem siv "rau". Tom qab tag nrho, kom txog thaum lub xeev tsis muaj nyob, thiab nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw yog lub Ukrainian SSR - ib lub koom pheej, uas, raws li ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws, lub preposition "rau" tau siv.
Los "los ntawm" lossis "los ntawm Ukraine": yuav ua li cas kom raug
Tau paub yuav ua li cas sau kom raug: "hauv Ukraine" lossis "hauv Ukraine", nws tsim nyog them nqi rau kev siv lwm cov lus "tsis sib haum xeeb" prepositions. Yog li, thaum nws tau hais txog tus neeg uas tuaj ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Ukrainian SSR, raws li kev cai sau ntawv Soviet, cov lus qhia "s" yeej ib txwm siv.
Tab sis hnub no, thaum lo lus nug ntawm lo lus raug "rau" lossis "hauv Ukraine" tab tom tshwm sim hauv kev hais lus, nws tsim nyog rov xav txog cov kev xaiv siv cov prepositions "los ntawm" thiab "los ntawm".
Yog li, yog tias peb tham thiab sau txog lub xeev Ukrainian niaj hnub no, nws yog qhov tseeb los siv cov lus qhia "los ntawm", xws li rau lwm lub tebchaws uas tsis yog lub tebchaws. Piv txwv li: "Kuv niam nyuam qhuav rov qab los ntawm Ukraine."
Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog lub sijhawm ntawm Ukrainian SSR lossis Russia Me, ces nws tsim nyog hais thiab sau "s". Piv txwv li: "Tus yawg Soviet singer thiab actor Mark Bernes yog los ntawm Ukraine."
Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov neeg uas tsis xav cuam tshuam nrog tag nrho cov keeb kwm subtleties no, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias cov lus qhia "rau" thiab "los ntawm" yog siv tib lub ntsiab lus, thiab, raws li, "hauv" thiab "los ntawm". Nws hloov tawm hais tias ib tug uas nyob "hauv Ukraine" los "los ntawm Ukraine". Thiab tusleej twg "hauv Ukraine" - los "los ntawm Ukraine".
Tau kawm paub yuav ua li cas sau "rau" lossis "hauv Ukraine" (raws li cov cai ntawm niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab thiab Ukrainian cov qauv sau ntawv), peb tuaj yeem xaus tias yuav luag 100 xyoo qhov teeb meem no tau ua nom tswv ntau dua li kev hais lus hauv qhov xwm txheej.. Txawm hais tias kev lig kev cai ntawm kev sau ntawv "nyob rau hauv Ukraine" yog ib daim ntawm keeb kwm uas ib txwm tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov, tam sim no nom tswv qhov teeb meem yuav tsum tau hloov lub preposition. Txawm li cas los xij, tib yam yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv Poland, Czech koom pheej thiab Slovakia, uas kuj siv lub preposition "rau" nyob rau hauv kev sib raug rau Ukraine.
