Cov ntaub ntawv lag luam yog dab tsi rau qhov project technology? Nws yog dab tsi thiab qhov haujlwm no yog dab tsi? Hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv, qhov kev ncaj ncees dav dav rau ib txoj haujlwm thev naus laus zis tau muab faib ua ib puag ncig, kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm. Hauv kab lus no, peb yuav txiav txim siab txog ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam hom kev ncaj ncees.
Los ntawm txhua tus qauv, cov tub ntxhais kawm txoj haujlwm muaj tswv yim ntawm thev naus laus zis yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev kawm hauv tsev kawm. Cov kev ua ub no yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev zoo nkauj, txhim kho lub peev xwm thiab kev txawj ntse ntawm kev paub txog kev xav hauv ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam, thiab pab txhawb rau cov tub ntxhais kawm lub peev xwm muaj tswv yim. Qhov no yuav pab lawv txhim kho kev xav hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov project, kawm txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus thiab cov algorithm ntawm kev ua, tus kheej txheeb xyuas cov tswv yim tseem ceeb thiab txuas ntxiv mus.ywj siab xav.
Project - yog dab tsi? Kev lees paub
Ib txoj haujlwm muaj tswv yim yog ib txoj haujlwm tsim nyog tsim nyog txhawm rau ua tiav thiab ua tiav lub hom phiaj, daws qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb, txawm tias qee qhov kev txwv ib puag ncig, nyiaj txiag thiab lwm yam kev txwv lub cev. Nrog rau qhov no, txhua yam yog qhov tseeb. Thaum kos cov ntaub ntawv ua lag luam rau ib txoj haujlwm thev naus laus zis, nws muaj qhov txwv tsis pub dhau qhov txwv (tus nqi) mus txog qhov txwv. Cov khoom tsim yuav tsum ua haujlwm zoo thiab tsim nyog, muaj qee qhov tshiab. Hauv cov ntsiab lus ib puag ncig, cov khoom yuav tsum tsis muaj teeb meem thiab tsis muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg. Tseem muaj lwm yam kev txwv ntawm lub cev dav dav.
Cov ntsiab lus
Thaum teeb tsa ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam ncaj ncees rau txoj haujlwm thev naus laus zis (muaj tswv yim lossis ua si), nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog tias nws yuav tsum muaj cov khoom hauv qab no:
- tswv yim keeb kwm thiab kev xav;
- kev xaiv thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm qhov project;
- tswv yim tsom xam thiab sau ntawv;
- cuab yeej thiab khoom siv, kev nyab xeeb;
- daim ntawv qhia txuj ci ntawm kev ua tiav algorithm;
- txoj kev kawm ua tau rau qhov project;
- kev ncaj ncees ntawm qhov project;
- tsom xam ntawm qhov project tag nrho;
- kev tshaj tawm ntawm cov khoom tsim.
Txoj haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam kev ncaj ncees ntawm txoj haujlwm thev naus laus zis yog tsim cov peev txheej tsim nyog, nws cov nyiaj khaws cia. Tseem muaj laj thawj(economical) kev ua tiav ntawm lub hom phiaj. Thiab ua raws li kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Dab tsi yog qhov project
Yeej, tej yaam num feem ntau muab faib ua hom xws li:
- xyaum ua haujlwm;
- kev cob qhia kev cob qhia;
- xov xwm project los sau cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais;
- tawm tswv yim thiab ua si (ua yeeb yam).
Qhov kev ncaj ncees nyiaj txiag ntawm ib txoj haujlwm thev naus laus zis yog ncaj qha suav nrog txhua hom kev kawm kev kawm. Lawv yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim lub peev xwm los ua tus tswv ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud raws li kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, uas yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm dav dav.
Kev txiav txim los ntawm chav kawm
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig kev ncaj ncees ntawm ib txoj haujlwm thev naus laus zis tsis tas yuav muaj kev txawj ib kab, zoo li cov kws tshaj lij. Nws yuav tsum muaj kev xav txog kev xav thiab kev paub txog cov kev paub hauv qab no:
- ua kom ncaj ncees lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua ub no thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov khoom lag luam;
- sau thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv hauv Is Taws Nem, archives thiab lwm yam;
- kom paub txog qhov projective thiab kev ua haujlwm, kawm cov txuj ci ntawm kev ua haujlwm;
- muab kev ntsuas ecological thiab nyiaj txiag ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab cov khoom lag luam ntawm tus kheej;
- ua cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis kom nyab xeeb;
- nrhiav koj txoj kev nyiam thiab kev nyiam, uas yuav pab tau yav tom ntej rau kev ua haujlwm hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Piv txwv hauv qib 5-6. Nuances
Cov ntaub ntawv ua lag luam zoo li no rau kev ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis hauv qib 5 tuaj yeem ua tiav siv qhov piv txwv ntawm kev dai daim iav yooj yim lossis tshawb fawb cov ntsiab lus "Pab Npauj Npaim tuaj qhov twg". Piv txwv li, kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm daim iav hauv qee qhov algorithm tuaj yeem siv los ntawm kev siv cov xim pleev xim los ntawm stencil (airbrush spray technology) los yog siv ntau xim sgraffito txoj kev siv ntau yam stencils. Hauv cov ntsiab lus hauv kab lus keeb kwm (txoj kev), koj tuaj yeem xav txog lwm txoj hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj, ua kom pom lub hom phiaj ntawm cov tswv yim. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm sketches ntawm daim duab yog obligatory; kev piav qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv (daim duab los qhia, iav, pleev xim rau thiab kho cov kua roj vanish, tawv txhuam rau khoom sgraffito, thiab lwm yam); khoom siv rau cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis (airbrush, compressor); ecological thiab economic substantiation ntawm ib tug muaj tswv yim project ntawm technology rau decorating ib daim iav. Kev ua hauj lwm kuj yuav tsum tau qhia qhov sophistication ntawm qhov tiav (tsim) thiab qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov khoom.
Kev txiav txim tus nqi ntawm cov khoom
Kev txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom suav nrog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv, cov nqi hluav taws xob siv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm PCs (khoom siv computer), teeb pom kev zoo thiab lwm yam nqi uas ua rau tus nqi. ntawm cov khoom, nrog rau cov nqi rau kev tshaj tawm.
Qhov kev pom zoo ntawm kev lag luam rau ib txoj haujlwm thev naus laus zis hauv qib 6 tuaj yeem suav nrog siv tus qauv tsim nyog: P=S + P (V). Qhov twg yog C-tus nqi, C - tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, P - cov nyiaj tau los (qhov seem ntawm cov nyiaj tau los), B - lub sij hawm uas cov khoom tau ua. Tus nqi kuj suav nrog lwm cov nqi: C1 - tus nqi ntawm cov duab los qhia, iav; C2 - tus nqi ntawm cov xim, cov kua roj vanish; C3 - tus nqi ntawm airbrush, compressor; C4 - tus nqi hluav taws xob, lwm qhov chaw; C5 - tus nqi kho cov ntaub ntawv (linseed roj, kua roj vanish, kua nplaum.). Tag nrho cov no yog summed, highlighted thiab economically justified noj mus rau hauv tus account lub ib puag ncig nam. Seb puas yog tus nqi tsim nyog rau kev tsim daim iav kho kom zoo nkauj thiab tsim qhov project.
Creative technology project
Ib txoj haujlwm thev naus laus zis muaj tswv yim (piv txwv li, txoj haujlwm tshawb fawb "Butterflies tuaj qhov twg") yog tsom rau kev koom tes ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib pob, hom kev ua hauj lwm tam sim ntawd ua ke: nyob rau hauv khub, ib tug neeg, pab pawg neeg thiab collective. Ua haujlwm ntawm lub ncauj lus, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb, uas cuam tshuam rau tus kheej ntawm tus txiv neej. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem, nws yog tsim nyog los ua ib tug kev tshawb fawb ntawm yuav ua li cas kab (butterflies) tshwm sim nyob rau hauv feem ntau, lawv cov qauv, physiology, genotype. Dab tsi npauj npaim muaj nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej, lawv noj li cas, lawv hloov mus rau hauv cov tsiaj zoo nkauj los ntawm cov cocoons, cov qauv ntawm tis txhais li cas thiab lwm yam. Koj yuav tsum paub cov hauv paus ntawm zoology, biology, ecology thiab lwm yam kev tshawb fawb, yuav ua li cas lawv pom los ntawm naturalists nyob rau hauv lawv cov artic thiab mythical versions. Tom qab ua haujlwm tiav, koj tuaj yeem mus rau theem ua tau zoo, ua daim ntawv thov nrog butterflies, pwm lawv los ntawm plasticine, tsim los ntawm ntawv, lossis tsuas yog kos duab. Thiab ces twbua kom pom tseeb qhov project kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig.
Zoo kawg
Kev siv cov cuab yeej thev naus laus zis hauv lawv txoj haujlwm ua tau raws li txhua tus qauv ntawm kev kawm dav dav. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog qhov nthuav heev! Yog li, kev lag luam ncaj ncees ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis, kev txawj ntse ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo li no, tau txais hauv cov lus qhia siv tau, qhib lossis ib puag ncig yuav pab txiav txim siab sai thiab raug rau lub neej txhua hnub. Txoj hauv kev no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm tib neeg txoj kev ntseeg, kev hwm tus kheej thiab kev xav zoo, raws li tus neeg muaj kev hwm tus kheej nce. Qhov kev ua no yog tsom rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kheej, ntawm kev daws teeb meem uas tau tshwm sim thiab daws teeb meem ib puag ncig hauv peb lub neej, nrog rau kev hloov kho cov menyuam yaus mus rau lub neej niaj hnub thiab ntiaj teb.
