Zaj lus piav qhia tias tinder yog dab tsi, muab lo lus sim rau nws, thiab piav qhia seb nws siv rau dab tsi thiab hom twg los hauv.
Hluav Taws
Hluav taws tau ua tus khub tsis tu ncua ntawm tus txiv neej tau ntau txhiab xyoo. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, nws muab lub sijhawm rau tib neeg kom sov nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no txias, tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm cov tsiaj qus, npaj cov zaub mov mos uas cov neeg laus thiab cov me nyuam noj tau, xa ib tug teeb meem kev nyuaj siab thiab, thaum kawg, teeb rau hauv chav tsev.
Yuav hais tau yooj yim thaum peb cov yawg koob thawj zaug pib siv hluav taws thiab tsim tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej thiab muaj pes tsawg lub sijhawm thaum qhov kev paub thiab kev txawj no ploj lawm. Yog hais tias peb tham txog cov txheej txheem uas muaj nyob rau ntau centuries, ces tej zaum nws keeb kwm yog raws li nram no: thaum ua cov cuab yeej pob zeb, ib tug neeg pom sparks ya tawm ntawm lub workpiece thiab txiav txim siab los sim ua hluav taws nrog lawv cov kev pab, thiab tsis yog los ntawm rubbing ntoo. tiv thaiv ntoo, uas yog qhov txawv txav ntev thiab ua haujlwm hnyav.
Tom qab ntawd, txoj kev no tau hloov pauv, thiab hloov pauv ntawm ib lub pob zeb, tib neeg tau pib siv lub sawb hlau nrog cov ntawv, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau hloov los ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb npaj ua ntej. Qhov ntawd yog qhov nplaim taws yug los. Tab sis dab tsi yog tinder, yuav ua li cas nws tshwm sim thiab yuav ua li cas nws yogua? Peb yuav tham txog qhov ntawd.
Definition
Tinder yog ib yam khoom uas siv los ua hluav taws kub nrog flint thiab flint. Raws li txoj cai, nws ignites yooj yim heev los yog pib smolder txawm los ntawm me sparks. Rags, fluffy paj rwb ntaub plaub, qhuav fir cones, ntawv rubbed nrog ciab los yog impregnated nrog vapors ntawm combustible tshuaj, thiab ntau npaum li cas yuav ua raws li tinder. Tab sis yog hais tias peb disassemble lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "tinder", ces nws lub npe yog los ntawm tinder fungus, uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm Russia thiab ib feem ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thiab tau siv txij thaum ancient sij hawm los ua ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob. Sij hawm dhau mus, lo lus "tinder" tau dhau los ua lus hauv tsev thiab siv los xa mus rau txhua yam khoom siv uas siv nrog cov hlau.
Tam sim no cia peb saib cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua tinder los ntawm fungus thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv.
Production
Cov khoom siv thib ob nrov tshaj plaws rau kev ua tinder yog cov ntaub paj rwb. Txhawm rau muab cov khoom xav tau, nws yog "ci" hauv qhov hluav taws kub, muab tso rau hauv lub thawv hluav taws kub, piv txwv li, hauv lub tais av nplaum los yog lub kaus poom. Tom qab ntawd, xws li tinder ignited yooj yim heev los ntawm txawm imperceptible sparks. Tam sim no peb paub tias tinder yog dab tsi.
Tab sis tseem, pib thiab keeb kwm, tinder tau tsim los ntawm cov kab mob tinder. Ua li no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txiav nws spongy, ntxeem tau ib feem rau hauv nyias slices. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau tov nrog ntoo tshauv, ntim nrog dej thiab boiled tshaj kub tsawg rau ob peb teev. Tom qab boiling, lub broth nws tus kheej yog drained, thiab lub resulting tshuaj yog kneaded, ntaus mus rau lub pancake zoo li lub xeev thiab qhuav. Tom qab tag nrho cov txheej txheem no, xws li tinder tuaj yeem yooj yim teeb rau ntawm qhov hluav taws kub nrog kev pab los ntawm sparks, thiab tom qab ntawd kiv cua cov nplaim taws thiab teeb hluav taws rau lwm yam khoom siv. Tam sim no peb paub tseeb tias lo lus "tinder" txhais li cas.
Flint thiab Steel
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb tuaj yeem ua tau zoo li tinder, tab sis txij li thaum ua hluav taws nrog kev pab ntawm flint thiab steel xav tau kev txawj ntse, peb cov poj koob yawm txwv nyiam npaj tinder ua ntej thiab los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas ignited feem ntau yooj yim thiab yooj yim. Tom qab tag nrho, qee zaum nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua hluav taws nyob rau hauv ib qho cua muaj zog los yog hauv huab cua ntub. Peb xam pom tias tinder yog dab tsi, tam sim no cia saib cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau nws tus kheej.
- Kresalo. Feem ntau nws yog ib daim kab xev ntawm cov hlau ruaj khov, qhov saum npoo ntawm uas yog them nrog me me notches nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no tau ua los pab txhawb cov txheej txheem ntawm extracting sparks. Thaum nws tsoo ntawm qhov "flint", cov khoom me tshaj plaws tawg tawm ntawm lub tom kawg, uas ignite hauv huab cua thiab muaj qhov kub ntawm li 900-1000 degrees Celsius. Thiab, ntog rau ntawm tinder, cov khoom no ua rau nws ignite los yog smolder.
- Flint. Txij li thaum ancient sij hawm, ib daim ntawm hlau sulfide, pyrite, tau siv los ua cov khoom no. Nws raug xaiv los ua tus account yooj yim ntawm kev tuav, tsis muaj cov kab nrib pleb (pyrite yog qhov tsis yooj yim heev) thiab tsis muaj qhov hws loj, vim tias lawv yuav ntub tas li. Tsis paub meej tias thaum twg peb cov yawg koob tau los uasiv hlau sulfide. Raws li ib tug version, cov miners ntawm lub Nrab Hnub nyoog thaum ntxov tau pom tias yog vim li cas los ntawm tsoo cov pob zeb hauv av nrog ib tug xaiv, ib tug tseem ceeb npaum li cas ntawm ci thiab kub sparks tau tsim, thiab cov cuab yeej ntawm pyrite no ces siv nyob rau hauv lub mechanism rau tsim hluav taws..
- Tinder. Nws yog dab tsi, peb twb txheeb nws tawm. Tab sis yog tias tsis muaj cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb uas tau npaj ua ntej, cov nyom qhuav, ntaub plaub, paj rwb ntaub plaub, moss, noog fluff thiab txhua yam uas tuaj yeem ignite los ntawm sparks yuav siv tau xws li.
Tinder. Kev ruaj ntseg lo lus
Yog tias peb tham txog etymology, ces qhov no lo lus xeem yog "tinder fungus" los yog "tinder fungus" - ib hom fungus uas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau flint yog keeb kwm tsim.
Modern tinderbox
Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm qhov kev rho tawm ntawm hluav taws tau tsis muaj teeb meem ntev, cov neeg yos hav zoov, cov neeg ncig teb chaw, cov neeg nuv ntses thiab cov neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw deb nroog taiga tseem tseem siv cov hlau. Tab sis lub rooj zaum armchair thiab "flint" ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub no yog ua los ntawm cov hlau tshwj xeeb, uas muab tag nrho cov sheaves ntawm cov hluav taws kub, thiab txawm tias cov tawv ntoo loj loj tuaj yeem tua hluav taws nrog lawv yam tsis muaj teeb meem.
