Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "shanga", uas muaj coob tus tau hnov, tab sis ob peb lub tswv yim hais tias nws yog dab tsi. Tsis tas li ntawd, grammatical nta ntawm lo lus, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv cov xwm txheej yuav raug muab, thiab nws cov keeb kwm yuav raug qhia. Thaum kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm, koj yuav nyeem cov piv txwv ntawm kev siv "shangi" hauv kev hais lus zoo nkauj.
qauv sau ua ntej
Ua ntej pib zaj dab neeg hais txog dab tsi "shanga" yog, cia peb hais tias lo lus yog lub npe, inanimate, singular, feminine, thawj declension. Kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho lwm yam poob rau thawj lub suab.
Hauv cov lus, lo lus hloov pauv los ntawm rooj plaub, ua cov ntawv hauv qab no:
- shanga - (npe npe, teb cov lus nug "dab tsi?")
- shangi (genus pad., dab tsi?)
- shange (dat. fall., why?)
- shangu (vin. pad., dab tsi?)
- shangoi (creative fall, dab tsi?)
- shange (prepositional poob, txog dab tsi?)
Hauv ntau qhov ntau nws muaj daim ntawv "shangi", nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv genitiveplural - "shaneg", nyob rau hauv lub dative - "shangam".
Lo lus tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov ntawv me me. Piv txwv li, shanezhka, shanechka. Nws muaj ntau lub npe hu ua: flatbread, muaj kua, cheesecake, qhob cij unleavened, donut, pancakes, pancakes (aladushki), kokurka, loaf, kazulka.
Shanga - lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus
Yog li hu ua ib yam khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom bakery - qhib cov ncuav qab zib, ncuav qab zib, cheesecakes.
Shangi yog ib txwm muaj rau cov qub Lavxias teb sab cuisine (feem ntau yog sab qaum teb cheeb tsam), nrog rau hauv kev kos duab ntawm kev ua noj ntawm Udmurt, Mari thiab Komi haiv neeg. Rau Russia, cov tais diav yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, Vologda, Vyatka cheeb tsam, Karelia, lub Urals (xws li Trans-Urals thiab lub Urals), Siberia.
Dab tsi "shanga" txhais tau tias tsis tshua paub nyob rau thaj tsam sab hnub poob ntawm Russia.
Lub hauv paus ntawm lo lus tsis meej. Qhov kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws yog cov neeg nyob hauv Lavxias tau qiv lo lus "shanga" los ntawm cov lus Komi, uas nws (šańga) txhais tau tias "ib lub ncuav mog qab zib ua los ntawm rye hmoov".
ua noj nta thiab variations
Tam sim no wb tham txog dab tsi shanga. Shangi tau ci, raws li txoj cai, los ntawm cov poov xab mov paj. Tab sis tsis tas. Nyob rau hauv lub cuisine ntawm Komi haiv neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub Perm cheeb tsam, shangi kuj ci los ntawm unleavened mov paj. Lawv hu ua kuligges (los yog kuligi).
Cov hmoov uas siv tau tuaj yeem yog nplej, rye, lossis sib tov ntawm ob qho tib si. Shaneg khob noom cookie yuav ua tauthiab los ntawm qos yaj ywm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau kneaded siv yaj los yog nqaij nyuj rog.
Txij thaum ub, kev sau lossis tsuas yog siv rau hom pastry no tau ntau yam: tsev cheese, porridge (pea, millet, barley), crushed boiled qos yaj ywm, qaub cream, qee zaum berries (piv txwv li, shangi nrog cloudberries tau paub). Thaum xub thawj, txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau sau cov shaneg, siv cov porridge nrog dos thiab nqaij nyuj rog, uas yog hu ua "pea".
Kom nkag siab tias shanga yog dab tsi, koj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias ib qho ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tau suav tias yog qhov tsis muaj qhov chaw so (piv txwv li, hauv cheesecake). Qhov ntau yam "stuffing" tau muab tso rau ntawm lub ncuav mog qab zib, tom qab ntawd nws tau ci hauv qhov cub. Yog tag nrho. Tom qab ci, shangi tau smeared nrog qaub cream los yog melted butter. Lawv tau noj kub nrog zaub qhwv, tshuaj yej, curdled mis nyuj, npias.
Cheesecake and shanga
Cov lus no feem ntau tsis meej pem, qee zaum lawv txawm teev nyob rau hauv phau ntawv txhais lus raws li cov lus sib piv. Piv txwv li, historian I. P. Kalinsky nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv "Lub Koom Txoos-Cov Neeg Menologion nyob rau hauv Russia" (1877) txhais shanga li "cheesecake, muaj kua, ncuav mog qab zib." Wb sim saib seb qhov zoo sib xws thiab qhov txawv ntawm cov tais diav no yog dab tsi.
Vatrushka tuaj rau peb ntawm Old Slavic cuisine. Nws tseem nrov heev thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws - ob qho tib si hauv cov chaw tsim khoom noj thiab hauv tsev zaub mov.
Lub hauv paus ntawm lo lus no yog txuam nrog Ukrainian dialectism "vatra", uastxhais tau tias "hluav taws", "bonfire".
Tib txwm cheesecake muaj ib puag ncig thiab yog tsim los ntawm cov poov xab ua khob noom cookie. Rau lub filling, curd loj yog noj, tsawg dua jam los yog jam. Pab nrog tshuaj yej lossis lwm yam dej qab zib. Cov cheesecake loj tshaj plaws, lub npe hu ua "huab tais", tau ci li 20 cm loj (hauv txoj kab uas hla). Cov cheesecakes classic tau me dua.
Shaneg loj yog ntau yam - los ntawm 15 mus rau 30 cm. Nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias thawj zaug shangi yog savory, tsis zoo li cheesecakes. Lawv feem ntau tau txais kev pab nrog qaub cream. Cheesecakes - tsis muaj. Nws kuj yog ib txwm siv shaneg nrog zaub qhwv, ntses lossis (tsawg dua) ua cov tais diav, thiab tsis yog khoom qab zib, xws li cheesecakes.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov tais diav no kuj muaj ntau yam sib xws. Ob qho tib si shangi thiab round-shaped cheesecakes, lawv tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si me thiab loj, thiab ib qho ntawm cov khoom ntim ntau tshaj plaws rau lawv, txawm li cas los xij, yog tsev cheese.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv lo lus hauv cov ntaub ntawv
Dab tsi yog shanga tuaj yeem nkag siab los ntawm cov kab lus hauv qab no, uas tau muab los ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv Lavxias.
Yog, kuv tsis paub tias lawv noj shangi, muaj cov yob nrog qaub cream, tab sis kuv nyiam…
(Vs. Ivanov, "Fleeing Island").
Txiav lub khob cij, tshem cov qos yaj ywm shangi tawm ntawm lub hnab, muab ob lub mis curdled tawm.
(V. Astafiev, "Lub Xeemhneev").
Ib tug tub qhe nqa ib lub tais ntoo nrog Dvina shangs hauv qaub cream, tawg cod nyob rau hauv brine, porridge porridge - kub, piping kub, tuab maub beer nyob rau hauv ib lub jug.
(Yu. German, "Young Russia").
Tam sim no shangi yog siav hauv qhov cub. Tsev cheese, mashed qos yaj ywm, ntau hom cereals yog siv los ua filling. Piv txwv li, buckwheat porridge nrog ntxiv ntawm finely tws dos thiab tws boiled qe yog nrov.