Raws li koj paub, cov proteins yog qhov tsim nyog thiab tseem ceeb ntawm txhua yam kabmob muaj sia. Lawv yog lub luag hauj lwm rau cov metabolism thiab lub zog hloov dua siab tshiab, uas yog inextricably txuas nrog yuav luag tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm lub neej. Cov teeb meem qhuav ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov kabmob ntawm cov tsiaj thiab tib neeg, nrog rau ntau tshaj 50% ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob, feem ntau yog cov proteins (los ntawm 40% mus rau 50%). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv ntiaj teb cov nroj tsuag, lawv feem tsawg dua qhov nruab nrab tus nqi, thiab hauv ntiaj teb tsiaj - ntau dua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov protein rau ntau tus neeg tseem tsis tau paub. Cia peb nco ntsoov ib zaug ntxiv tias dab tsi yog nyob rau hauv cov siab molecular hnyav tej yam ntuj tso polymers.
YProtein muaj pes tsawg leeg
Cov tshuaj no muaj nyob nruab nrab kwv yees li ntawm 50-55% carbon, 15-17% nitrogen, 21-23% oxygen, 0.3-2.5% sulfur. Ntxiv nrog rau cov npe tseem ceeb, qee zaum cov protein muaj cov ntsiab lus uas nws lub ntiajteb txawj nqus tsawg heev. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog phosphorus, hlau, iodine, tooj liab thiab lwm yam micro thiab macro ntsiab. Curiously, qhov concentration ntawm nitrogen muaj qhov loj tshaj qhov qub, thaumcov ntsiab lus ntawm lwm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yuav txawv. Piav txog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov protein, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nws yog ib tug tsis tu ncua polymer ua los ntawm cov amino acid residues, cov mis ntawm uas nyob rau hauv ib tug dej tov ntawm nruab nrab pH yuav sau nyob rau hauv feem ntau daim ntawv li NH3 + CHRCOO-.
Cov "cib" no txuas rau ib leeg los ntawm kev sib cog lus ntawm cov carboxyl thiab amine pawg. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, txog ib txhiab proteins sib txawv tau raug txheeb xyuas nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Cov chav kawm no suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, enzymes, ntau cov tshuaj hormones thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg. Kuj ceeb tias, nrog rau tag nrho cov kev sib txawv no, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov protein tuaj yeem suav nrog tsis pub ntau tshaj 30 cov amino acids sib txawv, 20 ntawm cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws. Tsuas yog 22 ntawm lawv muaj nyob hauv tib neeg lub cev, thaum lwm tus tsuas yog tsis nqus thiab raug tso tawm. Yim amino acids los ntawm pab pawg no yog suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov no yog leucine, methionine, isoleucine, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, threonine thiab valine. Peb lub cev tsis tuaj yeem tsim lawv tus kheej, thiab yog li lawv yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm sab nraud.
Tus so (taurine, arginine, glycine, carnitine, asparagine, histidine, cysteine, glutamine, alanine, ornithine, tyrosine, proline, serine, cystine) nws tsim tau nws tus kheej. Yog li, cov amino acids no tau muab cais ua qhov tsis tseem ceeb. Nyob ntawm seb muaj cov protein ntawm cov thawj pab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub degree ntawm nws nqus los ntawm lub cev, cov protein yog muab faib ua tiav thiab inferior. Qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub tau txais cov tshuaj no rau ib tus neeg nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 1 txog 2grams ib kilogram ntawm qhov hnyav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg nyob hauv sedentary yuav tsum ua raws li qhov kev txwv qis ntawm qhov no, thiab cov neeg ncaws pob - sab saud.
Yuav ua li cas protein muaj pes tsawg leeg yog kawm
Kawm txog cov tshuaj no, cov txheej txheem hydrolysis feem ntau yog siv. Cov protein ntawm kev txaus siab yog rhuab nrog dilute hydrochloric acid (6-10 mol / liter) ntawm 100 ° C mus rau 1100 ° C. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws yuav tawg mus rau hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov amino acids, los ntawm tus neeg cov amino acids twb raug cais tawm. Tam sim no, daim ntawv chromatography nrog rau ion-exchange chromatography yog siv rau kev txheeb xyuas ntau ntawm cov protein nyob hauv kev kawm. Muaj txawm tias tshwj xeeb tsis siv neeg analyzers uas yooj yim txiav txim siab uas cov amino acids raug tsim los ntawm kev tawg.
