Cov kua nplaum sib nqus yog ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb uas tib neeg tsim, lub hlwb ntawm kev kawm txuj ci thiab kev xav ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum. Tsis zoo li feem ntau ntawm cov kev tsim tawm ntawm tib neeg cov txuj ci, cov khoom ua kua, nrog cov khoom sib nqus, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv hauv qhov xwm txheej. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov cuab yeej technology, cov yam ntxwv ntawm peb lub sijhawm, muaj ntau thiab ntau daim ntawv thov rau cov khoom uas muaj xws li txawv txawv zog.
Cov kua nplaum sib nqus yog qhov cuam tshuam loj heev, hauv lwm lo lus, cov tshuaj colloidal ntawm cov khoom siv ferromagnetic hauv cov kua nruab nrab, uas tuaj yeem yog dej dawb, hydrocarbons, thiab organosilicon lossis fluorine tshuaj. Tej yam txawv txawv no tau tshwm sim rau lub sijhawm ntev. Rov qab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-sixties, lawv tau synthesized nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States thiab lub Soviet Union yuav luag ib txhij.
Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov kua nplaum sib nqus tau siv rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm uasmob siab nrhiav los ntawm ob lub superpowers. Cov tshuaj txawv txawv no tau dhau los ua muaj rau cov zej zog kev tshawb fawb dav dua tsis ntev los no. Tam sim no cov dej sib nqus tau nquag kawm los ntawm cov tebchaws tsim kho uas muaj peev xwm tshawb fawb tau zoo: Nyiv, Fabkis, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Tebchaws Askiv thiab lwm yam.
Cov tshuaj zoo kawg no yog qhov tshwj xeeb hauv lawv qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov dej ntws zoo nrog cov khoom sib nqus tshwj xeeb, uas yog kaum tawm txhiab qhov kev txiav txim siab ntau dua li cov kua paub. Cov lus zais ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws magnetization yog nyob rau hauv dispersion ntawm ferromagnets mus rau qhov ntau thiab tsawg tsis tshaj kaum nanometers, nrog rau lawv tom ntej no taw qhia rau hauv ib tug dog dig kua nruab nrab.
Yog li, ib yam khoom nrog thawj zaug zoo heev fluidity yog saturated nrog ib tug unimaginable tus naj npawb ntawm haib me me kheej kheej kheej kheej hlau nplaum. Txhua qhov nanoparticle zoo li no tau npog nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv uas tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev ua ke. Thermal motion faib cov hlau nplaum me me thoob plaws hauv lub ntim ntawm cov khoom, yog li tsis txhob muaj qhov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom mus rau hauv qab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov dej sib nqus muaj peev xwm tswj tau nws qhov tshwj xeeb zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm tau ntau xyoo.
Txhua qhov zoo li no microscopic magnet randomly circulates nyob rau hauv cov kua nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm thermal zog. Lub sij hawm sib nqus ntawm microparticles yog taw qhia nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev los ntawm ib qho chaw sib nqus sab nraud, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv qhov muag pom, rheological thiab sib nqus.cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj colloidal. Yog li ntawd, theem siab ntawm kev ncua rhiab heev rau qhov chaw sib nqus sab nraud ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tswj tau lawv tus cwj pwm. Yog li, cov kua nplaum sib nqus nws tus kheej tau txais kev tswj hwm, kev siv uas ua tau los daws cov teeb meem siv ntau yam.
Ferromagnetic slurries twb tau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov hard drive, uas lawv tau siv rau lub axis tig los tiv thaiv cov khoom txawv teb chaws los ntawm kev nkag mus. Xws li kev tshem tawm kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov neeg hais lus siab, hauv kev lag luam aerospace thiab tub rog, hauv optics thiab tshuaj, hauv electronics thiab instrumentation industries.
