Lo lus nug ntawm qhov twg Lomonosov kawm yog qhov yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab tam sim no. Meanwhile, nws nyob deb ntawm idle. Tam sim no, thaum cov tub ntxhais hluas tab tom nthuav tawm kev txaus siab rau yav dhau los ntawm lawv lub tebchaws, nws yuav tsis txaj muag kom nco qab nws cov tub zoo. Tom qab tag nrho, keeb kwm, raws li koj paub, yog tsim los ntawm tib neeg.
Mikhailo Vasilyevich yug hauv Arkhangelsk North. Lomonosov tsis tau tso tseg tom qab ib tug autobiography los yog memoirs, thiab yog li ntawd nws tsis paub tseeb hais tias nws thaum yau thiab cov hluas dhau los. Nws tsuas paub tias nws raug tso tseg tsis muaj leej niam thaum ntxov. Leej txiv (tus txiv neej siab zoo, tab sis, raws li kev nco qab ntawm Lomonosov nws tus kheej, "tau coj los rau hauv qhov tsis paub") tau sib yuav ob peb zaug ntxiv, thiab nws tus thib peb xaiv los ua niam txiv phem rau Misha 9 xyoo.
Tus menyuam tub tau txais nws txoj kev kawm thawj zaug los ntawm ib tug kws qhuab qhia hauv zos S. N. Sabelnikov. Tus me nyuam txoj kev mob siab rau cov phau ntawv embittered tus niam txiv uas twb tsis ua siab zoo ntau dua, vim li ntawd, lub neej hauv leej txiv lub tsev tau dhau los ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Xav kawm, zais ntawm nws txiv nyob rau hauv 1730 nws mus rau Moscow nrog ib tug convoy. Nws tsis zoo li tias ib tus ntawm nws cov phooj ywg taug kev tuaj yeem xav tias taug kev nyob zeib tug me nyuam tub yuav muaj ib hnub hu ua lub luminary ntawm Lavxias teb sab science. Wb tham txog qhov twg Lomonosov, thawj Lavxias teb sab natural sciences ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tseem ceeb, encyclopedist, astronomer, chemist thiab physicist, kws sau paj lug, philologist, geologist, metallurgist, artist, historian thiab genealogist, kawm.
Science Granite
Ntau yam teeb meem nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntawm nws nkag mus kawm ntawv, nws txawm yuav tsum impersonate tus tub ntawm ib tug nom tswv ntawm Kholmogory. Ua li ntawd, Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy txawm li cas los xij lees txais cov tub ntxhais hluas Pomor. Mikhailo Vasilievich laus dua tag nrho cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, thiab yog li ntawd nws yeej ib txwm tiv kev thuam los ntawm nws cov phooj ywg hluas. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej lossis kev tawm tsam ntawm lwm tus ua rau poob siab rau kev xav kawm. Lomonosov tam sim ntawd qhia nws lub peev xwm txawv tshaj plaw. Nws tau qhov txawv ntawm kev ua siab ntev thiab ua siab ntev, rau lub xyoo nws dhau qhov kev kawm ntawm peb chav kawm. Kuv nyeem phau ntawv keeb kwm, patristics thiab lwm phau ntawv theological coj los ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm Zaikonospassky Monastery.
Xyoo 1734, Mikhail tau mus rau Kyiv thiab siv sijhawm ob peb lub hlis hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm Kiev-Mohyla Academy.
Xyoo 1736, lub tsev kawm ntawv thawj coj tau txais kev txiav txim los xaiv cov tub ntxhais kawm zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab ntawm St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Xav txog lub peev xwm ntawm Mikhail Vasilievich, Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy xaiv nws. Thiab yog li cas? Nws txoj hmoo yav tom ntej yuav zoo li cas? Lomonosov kawm tom ntej no qhov twg?
Raws li ib qho ntawm cov qauv, txoj haujlwm theological ntawm yav tom ntej tus kws tshawb fawb zoo raug txiav luv ua ntej nws tuaj yeem pib, raws li zaj dab neeg tau nthuav tawmnrog cov ntaub ntawv forged. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov kev xaiv tsa tsis tau tshwm sim, tab sis tus kws tshaj lij muaj peev xwm raug xa mus rau thaj chaw ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntuj.
Raws li kev taw qhia ntawm V. E. Adodurov, nws pib kawm lej, nrog xibfwb G. V. Kraft nws tau paub txog kev sim physics, nws tus kheej kawm txog kev txheeb xyuas. Raws li cov kws sau keeb kwm yav dhau los, thaum lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm kev kawm ntawm St. Petersburg Academy, Lomonosov "tau mloog thawj lub hauv paus ntawm kev xav thiab lej thiab siv nws tus kheej rau nws nrog kev txaus siab heev, xyaum ua lub sijhawm no hauv paj huam, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi ntawm. cov hauj lwm kawg ntawm nws tau tawm hauv luam tawm. Nws muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev sim physics, chemistry thiab mineralogy."
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los, tib yam 1736, nws raug xa los ntawm St. Petersburg mus kawm mining hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Ntxiv rau nws qhov kev cob qhia, Lomonosov ntxiv dag zog rau nws txoj kev paub lus German, kawm Fabkis thiab Italian, seev cev, kos duab, thiab laj kab. Kuv tau paub txog tej hauj lwm ntawm philosophers. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws txog yuav ua li cas thiab qhov twg Lomonosov tau kawm nyob rau lub sijhawm no. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas nws tau siv peb xyoos hauv Marburg. Nyob ntawd nws tau ntsib nws tus kws qhia ntawv uas nws hlub Christian Hma, thiab nyob ntawd nws ntsib nws tus poj niam yav tom ntej. Cov tub ntxhais kawm Lavxias tau dhau los ua phooj ywg nrog lawv cov phooj ywg German. Ua ke lawv tau npaj cov hluas noj mov thiab tog. Txawm li cas los xij, lub hom phiaj Lomonosov siv nws cov nyiaj pab kawm ntawv rau cov phau ntawv thiab chav tsev. Rau nws, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb ib txwm ua ntej.
thawj kauj ruam kev tshawb fawb hauv tsev
Xyoo 1741, Lomonosov rov qab mus rau Russia thiab pibua haujlwm hauv Academy of Sciences. Nyob rau hauv 1745 nws twb dhau los ua ib tug xib fwb ntawm chemistry thiab ib tug kws kawm ntawv. M. V. Lomonosov ua kev tshawb fawb thiab kev sau ntawv. Hauv kev sib zog los tsim kev tshawb fawb hauv tsev, Mikhailo Vasilyevich nrhiav qhib thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv lub tebchaws. Thiab tam sim no lub tsev kawm ntawv Moscow no dais nws lub npe.
Lomonosov nws tus kheej yog ib tus kws tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb uas tau tshawb pom zoo hauv kev paub sib txawv: astronomy, physics, chemistry, linguistics thiab ntawv nyeem.
Literary act of Lomonosov
Ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv kev tshawb fawb tiag tiag, Mikhailo Vasilievich tsis nco qab txog lus Lavxias. Nws tau tsim cov qauv lus Lavxias tshiab, coj cov lus hais thiab cov lus sau ua ke. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau overestimate nws pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm linguistics. Txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom cov lus sau tau yooj yim, nws tau thov kom txwv tsis pub lub Koom Txoos Slavonic, nrog rau ntau lo lus txawv teb chaws, hloov lawv nrog cov lus hais ntawm haiv neeg.
Lomonosov tau hais kom siv peb hom - qis, nruab nrab thiab siab. Siab yuav tsum tau siv thaum sau odes, festive hais lus, heroic paj huam. Cov style nruab nrab yog txais tau rau kev sib tham tus phooj ywg. Tab sis qhov qis dua yog tsim rau kev tsim comedy, sau epigrams thiab nkauj. Ntawm no, kev siv cov lus sib tham tau yooj yim tso cai. Yog li Lomonosov sib haum xeeb ua ke cov qub thiab tshiab. Nws cov ntawv sau thiab paj huam tau cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev txhim kho cov lus Lavxias thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv.
kev ua haujlwm tshawb fawb
Qhov notus txiv neej muaj kev paub tob hauv kev tshawb fawb tiag tiag, hais ntau yam lus European. Ntuj genius tso cai rau Lomonosov nteg lub hauv paus ntawm Lavxias teb sab technical terminology. Cov kev cai uas nws tsim nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no yog siv tau zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm tam sim no. Feem ntau cov tib neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas niaj hnub no, tsis txawm paub tias ntau cov ntsiab lus uas tau hais los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tseem siv niaj hnub no. Noj tsawg kawg yog cov lus uas tam sim no nyob rau ntawm txhua tus neeg daim di ncauj: lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, txav, kev sim, lub axis ntawm lub ntiaj teb …
Hmoov tsis zoo, tsawg heev paub txog Lomonosov tus kheej lub neej, nws tus poj niam thiab cov menyuam. Yuav luag txhua qhov chaw tham ntau ntxiv txog nws cov haujlwm tshawb fawb. Lomonosov lub neej yog tag nrho rau kev tshawb fawb. Txawm nyob rau hauv nws odes, nws hu ua hauj lwm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm science rau lub zoo ntawm lub Fatherland.
