Hauv peb cov lus txhua hnub, peb niaj hnub siv kev tsim kho uas qhia txog txhua yam xwm txheej. Hauv lus Askiv, kab lus uas muaj lo lus "yog" muaj ntau heev. Hauv lus Askiv, cov kab lus no suav hais tias nyuaj heev rau kev kawm, tab sis yog tias xav tau, lawv tuaj yeem paub sai sai. Hauv kab lus no, hom thib peb ntawm cov kab lus raws li txoj cai thiab kev sib piv nrog lwm hom yuav raug txiav txim siab ntxiv.
cov kab lus xwm txheej ntawm hom 2 hauv lus Askiv
Yuav ua li cas
Ib txwm cov kab lus raug muab faib ua peb hom nyob ntawm seb qhov xwm txheej yuav tshwm sim li cas tam sim no, yav dhau los lossis yav tom ntej. Peb hom no yog hom tseem ceeb, tab sis muaj lwm hom sib xyaw.
Ib kab lus kev cai ib txwm muaj ob ntu: tus mob thiab qhov tshwm sim (qhov tshwm sim). Thawj qhov yog qhov yooj yim heev kom paub txog - nws ib txwm muaj qhov yog thaum pib ntawm cov lus. Qhov tshwm sim qhia peb tias yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim yog tias muaj xwm txheej tau ua tiav. Muaj plaub kab lus yooj yim cov ntaub ntawv hauv lus Askiv:
0th (Zero Conditional);
1st (1st Conditional);
2nd (2nd Conditional);
3rd (3rd Conditional).
Peb yuav txiav txim siab hom kab lus kawg ntawm cov kab lus kom ntxaws ntxiv. Cov xwm txheej ntawm hom no xa mus rau lub sijhawm dhau los, lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim, tab sis tsis tshwm sim vim qee yam.
Hom thib peb tuaj yeem hu ua "tsis muaj tseeb". Nws tag nrho cov ntsiab lus nyob hauv ib kab lus yooj yim: kev khuv xim rau yav dhau los. Tej yam tshwm sim ntev dhau los, thiab muaj qee qhov kev khuv xim thiab kev paub txog qhov no, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov qhov xwm txheej ntxiv lawm. Qhov no yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb, txij li ntau lub sijhawm tau dhau mus, thiab, raws li cov lus hais mus, "lub sijhawm dhau los tsis tuaj yeem rov qab los." Ntawm nws qhov tseem ceeb, hom thib peb yog tib hom kev cai uas hais txog lub sijhawm dhau los.
Yog kuv tsis tau pw tsaug zog, kuv yuav tsis tau lig rau lub chaw ua haujlwm rau kev sab laj. - Yog tias kuv tsis tau pw tsaug zog, kuv yuav tsis lig mus rau lub chaw ua haujlwm rau kev sab laj.
Yog nws muaj lub luag haujlwm ntau dua, nws yuav tau nce qib peb xyoos dhau los. – Yog tias nws muaj lub luag haujlwm ntau dua, nws yuav tau nce qib peb xyoos dhau los.
Tseem hom 3 cov kab lus ua lus Askiv siv thaum tib neeg rau txim rau ib qho twg uas tau tshwm sim yav dhau los thiab qhov twg tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv.
Yog tias koj tau nyeem phau ntawv no, koj yuav tsis ua ntau yam yuam kev. – Yog tias koj tau nyeem phau ntawv kom zoo, koj yuav tsis ua yuam kev ntau.
Yog nws tsis tau tso nws lub tsev lub qhov rooj qhib, nws yuav tsis raug nyiag. - Yog tias koj tsis tau tso lub qhov rooj ntawm chav tsev, lub tsev yuav tsis raug nyiag.
3 hom kuj tseem siv thaum tsim nyog los qhia txog cov xwm txheej ntev dhau los uas cuam tshuam zoo rau tam sim no.
Nws yuav tsis tau npaj lub ncuav no yog tias nwstsis tau txais kev qhuas ntau. - Nws yuav tsis ua ncuav mog qab zib yog tias nws tsis tau txais lus qhia ntau.
Yog nws had to mus ntsib, nws yuav. (=Nws yuav mus xyuas).
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus nrog modal verbs
Subtleties ntawm kev siv verbs ntawm lub luag haujlwm:
Tus 'yog kuv yuav (tej zaum)' tsim muaj lub ntsiab lus zoo ib yam li 'yog tias koj tso cai rau kuv'. 'Yog tias kuv tuaj yeem' yog softer thiab ntau tshaj li 'yog tias kuv tuaj yeem', tab sis ob qho tib si yog cov ntawv hwm. Thaum 'yuav tsum' siv nrog ib qho mob, nws txhais tau hais tias nws tsis zoo los yog tsis muaj tseeb, tab sis tseem ua tau. 'Yog tias koj xav tau kev pab …'
Thaum cov lus qhia 'yuav' lossis 'yuav' tau siv nrog ib qho xwm txheej, lawv qhia qhov xav lossis xav. 'Yog koj pab nws, Sara yuav ua tsaug rau koj.' - "Yog koj xav pab nws, nws yuav ua koj tsaug." Nyob rau hauv cov kab lus nyob rau hauv tam sim no los yog yav tom ntej tense, 'yuav'nyob rau qee lub sijhawm nws txhais tau tias kev tso cai, hauv lwm tus nws txhais tau tias muaj peev xwm, thiab lwm qhov nws txhais tau tias kev tso cai thiab muaj peev xwm. 'Yog tias Oleg tuaj yeem hu rau koj, nws xav tau.' - "Yog tias Oleg tuaj yeem hu, nws yuav tau hu." Hauv cov kab lus tsis muaj tseeb hauv lub sijhawm dhau los, 'yuav muaj' tuaj yeem muaj lub peev xwm.
Cov kab lus hauv lus Askiv hauv lub rooj
Cia peb xav txog schematically hom kab lus thiab lawv cov qauv rau kev tsim ntawm txhua hom. Cov kab lus xwm txheej ua lus Askiv hauv cov lus tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no.
Txoj Cai
Kev Kawm
Txoj Cai
Result
Tus yam tsis raws cai piav qhia txog lub xeev tiag tiag.
Yog + Present Indefinite
Present Simple
thawj hom kev cai hauv lus Askiv piav qhia cov xwm txheej uas yuav tshwm sim tam sim no lossis yav tom ntej.
Yog + Present Indefinite
Yav Tom Ntej Yooj Yim
Qhov thib ob txoj cai piav qhia txog cov xwm txheej tam sim no lossis yav tom ntej uas tsis muaj tseeb.
Yog + Yav dhau los Indefinite
would + verb without to
hom lus thib peb yog cov xwm txheej tsis muaj tseeb yav dhau los
Yog + Yav dhau los Perfect
yuav muaj + yav dhau los koom nrog
Type 1 conditional sentences in English, intsis zoo li lwm tus, qhia qhov muaj peev xwm tiag tiag ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Lawv muaj lub ntsiab lus yooj yim tam sim no hauv lawv cov qauv. Hom 3 cov kab lus nyob rau hauv lus Askiv, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, qhia qhov tsis tseeb uas tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv.
Kho lub ncauj lus
Yog li cov kab lus ua raws li lus Askiv yog dab tsi? Cov lus qhia yuav pab txhawb lub ntsiab lus.
Sau cov lus qhia hauv kab ke hauv daim ntawv kom raug:
yog tias koj… (muaj) nyiaj ntxiv, koj… (mus saib) Indonesia xyoo tas los. - Yog tias koj muaj nyiaj ntau, koj yuav tau mus xyuas Indonesia xyoo tas los.
Yog koj (hlub) kuv, koj yeej tsis tso kuv ua ntej peb ua tshoob. -Yog koj hlub kuv ces koj tsis ncaim kuv mus ua ntej tshoob.
yog tias nws (kawm) cov chav kawm, nws (tau) cov qhab nia zoo dua peb hnub dhau los. - Yog tias nws tau mus kawm, nws yuav tau qhab nia siab dua peb hnub dhau los.
yog tias peb tus tsav tsheb… (tsis coj) tig tsis raug, koj… (tsis tuaj) lig nag hmo. - Yog tias peb tus neeg tsav tsheb tsis tau ua qhov yuam kev, koj yuav tsis tuaj lig nag hmo.
